• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2018

The school classroom is a common living place where students spend 7 to 14 hours a day to prepare for their careers. Therefore, if the ventilation of the classroom is not properly performed, it may lead to the deterioration of learning ability due to the unclear air. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the classroom is reported to be high, and the increase in carbon dioxide concentration has a negative effect on the learner's academic performance. In this context, the purpose of this study is to propose a methodology for intelligent and responsive window opening-closing operation process that can reduce the concentration of $CO_2$ in the classroom in order to build a support space that can create an effective teaching-learning environment for adolescents. The specific objectives are as follows. First of all, we define the concept of window opening-closing operation. Secondly, twe develop the operation process of window opening-closing. Thirdly, we develop an algorithm for real-time window opening and closing (process) (Window Opening-Closing Operation Process). Finally, we verify the intelligent responsive window opening-closing operation process through developing examples of window opening-closing operation process using the parametric design program. This study is a preliminary study to develop algorithms necessary for window opening-closing operation. Based on the first-order algorithm, We simulated window opening-closing operations according to a hypothetical scenario. As a result, This study can show that the window is open and close depending on the $CO_2$ concentration, but the $CO_2$ concentration in the room is higher than outdoors. Consequentially, we suggest that it is necessary to develop an algorithm to supplement these results because window is often not working when the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor in winter is large.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.267-270
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• 2001

It is difficult to install a ventilation window on the roof of single span greenhouse of arch shape. Investigation on the roof ventilation structure for those greenhouses was conducted. The effect of roof ventilation was evaluated by comparative experiments between greenhouse installing roof vent and having controlled side vent only. And ventilation efficiency was analyzed by experiments on the opening and closing operation of the roof and side vent.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.595-603
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• 2017

Crop growth and production cost are greatly influenced by management of environmental factors such as ambient temperature, humidity, and $CO_2$, especially in protected horticulture. Opening and closing of greenhouses is the most important operation for control of these ambient environmental factors, and precise and stable operation requires high performance window motors. In this study, a 400 W precise window motor was constructed, and its performance was evaluated for plastic and glass greenhouses. First, the motor was designed and fabricated by benchmarking of an advanced foreign product. Then, the performance was evaluated through vibration, PCB (Process Control Block), and load tests. Vibration tests resulted in averaged vibration displacement and velocity of the developed motor of 0.002 mm and 0.2267m/s, which were statistically significantly different from those of the target motor. Average vibration acceleration ($0.26m/s^2$) of the developed motor was also significantly different from that ($0.51m/s^2$) of the target motor. PCB tests showed 2 - 4 mm deviation from the target values, and confirmed the operating status and precision of the control. Load tests with a 300 kg load also showed acceptable operating status and durability. Current values were $1.31{\pm}0.06A$ and RPMs were in the range of 2.9 - 3.0. Considering the above results, the developed window motor would be competitive to the target foreign product.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.273-281
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• 2019

국가 총에너지 소비량 중 건축물에서 소비하는 에너지는 전체의 10% 이상을 차지고 있다. 이러한 이유로 우리나라는 2025년부터 제로에너지 건물 의무화 정책을 채택하였고, 결국 건축물 에너지 절감 기술에 대한 연구가 요구되고 있다. 건축물 중 빌딩의 에너지 소비 형태를 분석해보면 조명 및 냉난방 에너지가 전체 에너지 소비량의 60% 이상을 차지하고 있는데, 이는 태양광 취득률 및 창문의 개폐 운용과 직접적인 연관이 있다. 본 논문에서는 건축물에너지 관리시스템에 취득 정보를 전송하기 위한 창호용 저전력 IoT 센서 모듈을 개발하기 위해 연구를 진행하였다. 이 모듈은 외부 환경 및 창문 개폐 상태 정보를 실시간으로 빌딩 에너지 관리 시스템에 전송하여 능동적으로 에너지 절감 조치를 취할 수 있게 네트워크를 구성하였다. 모듈에 사용되는 전력은 하베스트 에너지 중 태양광 발전을 이용한 독립적인 전원으로 설계하였다. 전원은 Buck 컨버터를 적용하여 MPPT 제어를 통해 리튬이온 배터리에 4V로 충전하는 방식으로 효율은 약 85.87%이다. 통신은 WiFi 방식을 적용하여 실시간으로 전송할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 모듈의 소비전력 저감을 위해 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 측면에서 분석하여 저전력 IoT 센서 모듈을 구현에 대한 연구를 진행하였다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2009년도 정보 및 제어 심포지움 논문집
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• pp.347-349
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• 2009

Air quality of indoor space environment is affected by various pollutants like as particles and chemical stuffs. The indoor air pollution affects directly the human respiration organs to cause consequently unpleasant mental status. The $CO_2$ concentration level is one of the harmful components of air pollutants. Major factor to increase the $CO_2$ concentration level is the people's breath amount in indoor. The car exhaust gas diffused from the around road also has strong affect on $CO_2$ concentration. There are some other reasons to affect the $CO_2$ concentration change, such as, real-time change of the population movement, closeness to the indoor air flow inlet window and changes in road car traffic amount. A remote monitoring system to measure environmental indoor air pollution concerning on the $CO_2$ concentration was studied and installed realized set-up model. Zigbee network configuration was applied for this system and the $CO_2$ concentration data were collected through USN network. A software program was developed to assure systematic analysis and to display real-time data on web pages. For the experimental test various condition was set up, like as, window opening, stopping air condition operation and adjusting fan heater work, etc. The analysis result showed the relation of various environmental conditions to $CO_2$ concentration changes. The causes to increase $CO_2$ concentration were experimentally defined as windows closing, the stopping air condition system, fan heater operation. To keep the $CO_2$ concentration under the legally required ppm level in public access indoor space, the developed remote measurement system will be usefully applied.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2001

온실재배에 있어서 가장 경제적인 환경조절방법은 자연환기에 의한 것이므로 온실의 자연환기 성능을 극대화하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 온실의 자연환기 성능을 극대화하기 위해서는 지붕환기창의 설치가 중요한데, 아치형 단동 온실의 경우에는 천창을 설치하기 어려운 구조로 되어 있어서 대부분의 농가가 측창만 설치하여 운영하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 아치형 단동 온실의 지붕에 환기창 설치를 장려하기 위한 일환으로 사례조사와 효과분석을 실시하였다. 아치형 단동 온실의 지붕환기구조 실태조사 결과 폭 5~8m의 소형 온실에서는 플라스틱으로 제작된 원형 및 굴뚝형 환기창을, 폭 12~18m의 대형온실에서는 철재 파이프를 덧붙인 양권취식을 많이 사용하고 있었다. 지붕환기창 설치 온실과 관행의 권취식 측창만 설치된 온실에 대한 대조 실험 결과 비록 적은 면적의 지붕환기창을 설치하였지만 온도하강 $1^{\circ}C$ 이상의 천창 환기 효과가 있었으며, 지붕환기를 실시함으로써 온도분포를 보다 균일하게 할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 지붕환기창을 설치함으로서 얻을 수 있는 온도상승 억제효과는 일사량과 풍속조건에 따라 뚜렷한 차이를 보이며, 풍속이 낮은 경우에 효과가 커지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 환기창의 개폐순서에 따른 전체적인 온도 하강의 차이는 없으나, 환기로 온도를 제어하는 경우에는 실내온도가 설정온도보다 높을 때는 천창을 열은 후 측창을 열고, 반대의 경우에는 측창을 닫은 후 천창을 닫는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판단되었다.