• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2012

In this paper, the offshore wind farms have been designed by using WindPRO with the help of real wind data measurements at Jeju Costal area by calculating the annual energy production for exact economic evaluation. In order to achieve benefit of wind farm, the annual revenue for power generation have been calculated with SMP and REC value. And construction cost has derived from the real wind farm project case. Also O&M cost has been estimated by OMCE (Operating & Maintenance Cost Estimator) to get accurate cost of wind farm. Economic evaluation of wind farms have been performed by comparing above parameters. In addition, sensitivity analysis calculating the effect of these factors has also been carried out.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2012

As the wind farms in large scale demand enormous amount of construction cost, minimizing the economic burden is essential and also it is very important to measure the wind resources and forecast annual energy production correctly to judge the economic feasibility of the proposed site by way of installing a Met mast at or nearby the site. Wind resources were measured by installing a 80[m] high Met mast at WangdeungYeo Island to conduct the research incorporated in this paper and offshore wind farm was designed using WindPRO. Wind farm of 100[MW] was designed making use of 3 and 4.5[MW] wind generator at the place selected to compare their annual energy production and capacity factor applying the loss factor of 10[%] and 20[%] respectively to each farm. As a result, 336,599[MWh] was generated by applying 3[MW] wind generator while 358,565 [MWh] was produced by 4.5[MW] wind generator. Difference in the energy production by 3[MW] generator was 33,660 [MWh] according to the loss factor with the difference in its capacity factor by 3.8[%]. On the other hand, 23 units of 4.5 [MW] wind generators showed the difference of annual energy production by 35,857 [MWh] with 4.0[%] capacity factor difference.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제29권B호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2009

Simulations using two well-known commercial codes, WAsP and WindSIM, were performed to predict the wind resources in complex terrains of Korea. The predictions from the codes were compared with the measured data. Cross predictions were performed for two closely located measurement sites. The results from WindSIM were found to be more accurate than those from WAsP. The predictions for wind velocity and direction in five different sites of complex terrain from WAsP and WindSIM were also compared. It was found that if the self prediction of the wind velocity and direction from WAsP is close to the measured wind data, the discrepancies between WAsP results and WindSIM results are also close.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 10 MW급 부유식 파력-해상풍력 연계형 발전시스템에 설치되는 다수 풍력발전기의 배치 설계를 수행하고, 전산유체역학 해석기법을 통해 다수 풍력발전기의 성능을 평가하였다. 날개요소운동량이론을 기반으로 한 풍력발전 단지 설계용 프로그램 WindPRO를 이용하여, 발전시스템의 적지 환경 풍황조건에 대해 최대에너지를 생산할 수 있는 배치 설계를 도출하였고, ANSYS CFX를 이용하여 다수 풍력발전기간의 후류 간섭영향을 발전기 성능 측면에서 검토하여, 근거리 다수 풍력발전기간의 후류 간섭이 시스템에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.553-559
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• 2016

There has been increasing global interest in the environmental pollution problems produced by fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. In order to tackle these issues, new renewable energy such as solar, wind, bio gas, fuel cell and pressure retarded osmosis(PRO) have been developed extensively. Among these energy sources, PRO is one of the salinity gradient power generation methods. In PRO, energy is obtained by the osmotic pressure generated from the concentration difference between high and low concentration solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane. The development for high power density PRO membranes is imperative with the purpose of commercialization. This study investigates development of thin film composite PRO membrane and spiral wound module for high power density. Also, the influence of membrane backing layer on power density was identified, and the characteristic factors of PRO membranes was determined. Different backing layers were used to improve power density. As expected, the PRO membrane with more porous backing layer showed higher power density.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2018

풍력에너지는 청정 및 재생에너지의 가장 저렴한 모형중의 하나로 널리 알려져 있다. 실제로 몇몇 국가에서는 풍력에너지가 새롭게 건설되는 발전소들 중에서 화석연료 발전단가와 동등한 수준으로 만들어 오고 있다. 해상풍력 에너지 개발은 한국정부의 3020계획 목표달성을 위한 중요한 국내 에너지자원일 것으로 보인다. 풍력프로젝트의 개발단계 중에서 중심이 되는 항목은 풍력자원 평가이다. 풍력자원평가의 기본적인 3가지 등급 또는 단계는 예비부지확정, 부지 풍력자원 평가, 마이크로사이팅 등으로 나누어 분류할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 6개소 해상기상탑 자료를 기반으로 3단계를 적용하여 전남 해상지역의 풍력발전 용량을 추정하는 것이다. 풍력프로젝트 개발을 위하여 소프트웨어 도구로 25년 이상 실적이 있고 풍력에너지 프로젝트 개발프로그램으로 잘 알려진 WindPRO를 사용하였다. 전남지역 해상풍력발전용량의 설계결과는 6개 풍력단지에서 총 2.52GW로 계산되었다.

• 풍력에너지저널
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate differences in turbulence intensity and turbine loads among onshore wind farms located in various types of terrain. To achieve this, simulations were conducted for two onshore wind farms with identical wind turbines and capacity but situated on complex and flat terrains. The simulations used meteorological data gathered over a 10-year period from automatic weather stations nearest to the wind farms. WindSim and WindPRO software tools were employed for wind field and load analysis, respectively. The simulation results revealed that wind farm A, situated on complex terrain, exhibited significantly higher effective turbulence intensity than wind farm B on flat terrain, as expected. Consequently, the load indices of several wind turbines exceeded 100 % in wind farm A, indicating that the turbines could not reach their design lifespan. From the simulation study, aimed at reducing both the effective turbulence intensity and turbine loads, it became evident that while increasing turbine spacing could decrease effective turbulence intensity to some extent, it couldn't completely resolve the issue due to the inherently high ambient turbulence intensity on complex terrain. The problem with wind turbine loads could only be completely resolved by using wind turbines with a turbine class of A+, corresponding to a reference turbulence intensity of 0.18.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

Long-term variations in wind speed and capacity factor(CF) on Seongsan wind farm of Jeju Island, South Korea were derived statistically. The selected areas for this study were Subji, having a year wind data at 30m above ground level, Sinsan, having 30-year wind data at 10m above ground level and Seongsan wind farm, where long-term CF was predicted. The Measure-Correlate-Predict module of WindPRO was used to predict long-tem wind characteristics at Seongsan wind farm. Eachyear's CF was derived from the estimated 30-year time series wind data by running WAsP module. As a result, for the 30-year CFs, Seongsan wind farm was estimated to have 8.3% for the coefficien to fvariation, CV, and-16.5% ~ 13.2% for the range of variation, RV. It was predicted that the annual CF at Seongsan wind farm varied within about ${\pm}4%$.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

The investigation on wind farm design using CFD technique was carried out to reduce turbulence intensity in a wind farm. A potential wind farm in Gasiri of Jeju Island was selected for the design and the commercial S/W of Meteodyn WT was used for applying CFD technique. The initial layout of wind turbines was derived using WindPRO which is mainly used for wind farm design in Korea. Then, the distribution of turbulence intensity on complex terrain was calculated and visible by Meteodyn WT. Based on the distribution, wind turbines were positioned properly. As a result, wind turbines could be deployed at positions with minimum turbulence intensity as well as maximum Annual Energy Production, AEP, using Meteodyn WT. It is necessary to take into account turbulence intensity in wind farm design to avoid wind turbine failure.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2024

Present paper deals with the cost effective design of reinforced concrete building frame employing unified particle swarm optimization (UPSO). A building frame with G+8 stories have been adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present algorithm. Effect of seismic loads and wind load have been considered as per Indian Standard (IS) 1893 (Part-I) and IS 875 (Part-III) respectively. Analysis of the frame has been carried out in STAAD Pro software.The design loads for all the beams and columns obtained from STAAD Pro have been given as input of the optimization algorithm. Next, cost optimization of all beams and columns have been carried out in MATLAB environment using UPSO, considering the safety and serviceability criteria mentioned in IS 456. Cost of formwork, concrete and reinforcement have been considered to calculate the total cost. Reinforcement of beams and columns has been calculated with consideration for curtailment and feasibility of laying the reinforcement bars during actual construction. The numerical analysis ensures the accuracy of the developed algorithm in providing the cost optimized design of RC building frame considering safety, serviceability and constructional feasibilities. Further, Monte Carlo simulations performed on the numerical results, proved the consistency and robustness of the developed algorithm. Thus, the present algorithm is capable of giving a cost effective design of RC building frame, which can be adopted directly in construction site without making any changes.