• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.224-228
• /
• 2012

A new $Saxifraga$ $fortunei$ cultivar 'Crystal' was bred by crossing 'Dotaerang' with light pink and light Green (RP 58D) colored petals and 'Rocksun' with light pink and light green white (RP62A + GW157A) colored petals. The selection and flower characterization were conducted from 2004 to 2007 in a greenhouse of the National Institute of Highland Agriculture. The flowering of 'Crystal' occurred from September 21 for 31 days. The number of flowers per plant was 279.0 with many flowering habit. The flower coloration was mixed light pink and green white (RP62D + GW157B) at the opening. The number of petals were 7.0, with a width of 2.1 cm and length of 1.8 cm. The plant height was 15.3 cm and number of leaves was 133.7. 'Crystal' cultivar can be used for pot flower. Fifty percent shading is a good cultural practice against direct sunlight and soft rot disease would occurs usually by over-irrigation. 'Crystal' cultivar was registered as a new variety with No. 3466 at Korea Seed and Variety Service in April of 2011 year.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 1984

These experiments were carried out to investigate anatomical properties of Forsythia in Korea. The results obtained were summarized as follows: It was estimated that the vessel of cross section was almost simple pore and multiple pores which were compounded two or three units were showed sometimes and arrangement of vessel were ring porous wood. In the mean length of vessel, Forsythia koreana was ranged $539.98{\pm}154.71{\mu}$ and Forsythia ovata $602.22{\pm}157.38{\mu}$ and Forsythia nakaii T. Lee $465.50{\pm}83.02{\mu}$. In the mean length of fiber wood, Forsythia koreana $387.40{\pm}68.23{\mu}$, and Forsythia ovata was $533.90{\pm}106.77{\mu}$ and Forsythia nakaii T. Lee was $482.40{\pm}72.33{\mu}$. The type of Ray parenchyma was heterogeneous ray I tissue. The mean length of procumbent ray cell in the radial section was $42.14{\pm}8.30{\mu}$ and that of rectangle type in up right ray cell was $45.76{\pm}7.19{\mu}$ and that of square type was $26.66{\pm}2.99{\mu}$. The mean height of ray parenchyma in the tangential section was $174.80{\pm}37.51{\mu}$ and the width of ray parenchyma was $17.25{\pm}3.59{\mu}$ and the mean number of ray parenchyma was $14{\pm}3$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the growth and physiological characteristics of Polystichum lepidocaulon native fern as affected by soil mixture as an environment modeled on habitate where was sunken-condition. 1. Polystichum lepidocaulon grew well sunken more than non-sunken condition. Under soil mixture of field soil : sand : leaf mold, Plant height, frond width, frond length, stipe length and ornamental value were increased compared with the other soil mixture. 2. Fresh and dry weight of fronds were higher with non-sunken than sunken condition. In sunken condition, fresh and dry weight were better with field soil : sand : leaf mold than the other soil mixture. 3. Number of spore fronds were increased with sunken condition. As sunken condition, sand : leaf mold was better than field soil : sand : leaf mold or leaf mold. 4. Photosynthetic rate, $CO_2$ absorption rate and water efficiency were higher with field soil : sand : leaf mold than that of sand : leaf mold or leaf mold. expect of stomatal conduction and $CO_2$ use efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.365-370
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to determine the effects of seed storage methods ($-20^{\circ}C$, stratification, $2^{\circ}C$ dry, $2^{\circ}C$ wet and room temperature) and $GA_3$ application (control, $dH_2O$, 10, 100, 1000 ppm) on seed germination and seedling growth of S. lyratum. As a result seed germination rate of S. lyratum was the highest at 91% when seeds were stored at room temperature and then soaked for 24 hours in $GA_3$ 10 ppm. And seedlings of S. lyratum showed the best quality when seed were stored at $2^{\circ}C$ dry and then soaked for 24 hours in $GA_3$ 1000 ppm, with the growth characteristics of plant height (47 mm), number of leaves (8), leaf width (12 mm), leaf length (19 mm), fresh weight (aerial/root part; 471/476 mg), dry weight (aerial/root; 106/41 mg) and seedling quality indices (106). Therefore, S. lyratum seed were stored at $2^{\circ}C$ dry, and then soaked for 24 hours in $GA_3$ 1000 ppm, seed germination rate was more than 80% and production of superior quality container seedlings.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.152-155
• /
• 2012

A new Saxifraga fortunei 'Pinkle' was bred by crossing 'Juno' with 'Hongoan', both with light pink (RP-N66A)-colored petals. The selection of promising lines and characterization of flowers were conducted from 2004 to 2008 year in greenhouses of the Highland Agriculture Research Center, NICS, RDA. The flowering of 'Pinkle' starts on October 7 and lasted for 27 days. The number of flowers per plant is 99.7 with many flowering habits. The flower show mixed dark pink (R-P N66C) colors at opening. The flower have 5.0 petals, each have the size is 2.9 cm in width and 3.2 cm in length. Mean plant height is 15.8 cm and number of leaves are 44.3 ea. 'Pinkle' can be used as a pot flower. Fifty percent shading of the sunlight is recommended and soft rot disease occurs caused by over-irrigation. 'Pinkle' was registered as a new cultivar in Korea Seed and Variety Service in April 2011.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.305-318
• /
• 2012

Although the existing performance-based design method for the vertical breakwater evaluates an average sliding distance during an arbitrary time, it does not calculate the probability of the first occurrence of an event exceeding an allowable sliding distance(i.e. the first-passage probability). Designers need information about the probability that the structure is damaged for the first time for not only design but also maintenance and operation of the structure. Therefore, in this study, a time-dependent reliability design method based on a stochastic process is developed to evaluate the first-passage probability of caisson sliding. Caisson sliding can be formulated by the Poisson spike process because both occurrence time and intensity of severe waves causing caisson sliding are random processes. The occurrence rate of severe waves is expressed as a function of the distribution function of sliding distance and mean occurrence rate of severe waves. These values simulated by a performance-based design method are expressed as multivariate regression functions of design variables. As a result, because the distribution function of sliding distance and the mean occurrence rate of severe waves are expressed as functions of significant wave height, caisson width, and water depth, the first-passage probability of caisson sliding can be easily evaluated.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.697-702
• /
• 2011

Two-dimensional (2D) nano patterns including a two-dimensional Bravais lattice were fabricated by laser interference lithography using a two step exposure process. After the first exposure, the substrate itself was rotated by a certain angle, $90^{\circ}$ for a square or rectangular lattice, $75^{\circ}$ for an oblique lattice, and $60^{\circ}$ for a hexagonal lattice, and the $90^{\circ}$ and laser incident angle changed for rectangular and the $45^{\circ}$ and laser incident angle changed for a centered rectangular; we then carried out a second exposure process to form 2D bravais lattices. The band structure of five different 2D nano patterns was simulated by a beam propagation program. The presence of the band-gap effect was shown in an oblique and hexagonal structure. The oblique latticed ZnO nano-photonic crystal array had a pseudo-bandgap at a frequency of 0.337-0.375, 0.575-0.596 and 0.858-0.870. The hexagonal latticed ZnO nano-crystallite array had a pseudo-bandgap at a frequency of 0.335-0.384 and 0.585-0.645. The ZnO nano structure with an oblique and hexagonal structure was grown through the patterned opening window area by a hydrothermal method. The morphology of 2D nano patterns and ZnO nano structures were investigated by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The diameter of the opening window was approximately 250 nm. The height and width of ZnO nano-photonic crystals were 380 nm and 250 nm, respectively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.355-362
• /
• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of rain-shelter types on growth, and fruit quality of red pepper (Capsicum annuum, 'Kemmaru') cultured in paddy. Applied rain-shelter types were outfield (control), simple rain-shelter plastic house with 2 rows (2R), simple rain-shelter plastic house with 4 rows (4R), and perfect plastic house (House). The plant height was the highest in Houses treatment. There was no difference in leaf length and width among the rain-shelter treatments. The fresh and dry weight of red pepper was high in order of House > 4R > 2R > Control. The ASTA value is irregular tendency among the treatments. Hunter's color value 'a' and 'b' was not different from among the treatments. Phytophthora blight, powdery mildew, bacterial spot were not occurred in all of treatments, and Anthracnose was only occurred in control. Mite, Microcephalothrips abdominalis, and Bemisia tabaci were not occurred in all of treatments, and aphid, Helicoverpa assulta, and virus were occurred all of treatments as same degree. Our results will provide rain-shelter cultivation of red pepper can be increase dry yield and decrease disease and insects.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.775-782
• /
• 2022

In this paper, a novel small-diameter cylindrical post capacitor inserted into an evanescent-mode rectangular waveguide (EMRWG) is proposed for easier tuning. In order to feed the EMRWG, the proposed structure uses a single ridge rectangular waveguide with the same width and height as the waveguide at the input and output ends. The inserted post capacitor are made up a circular groove formed in the center of the lower part of the broad wall of the EMRWG, and a concentric cylindrical post inserted into the upper part. First, the equivalent circuit model for the proposed structure is presented. When the EMRWG and the single ridge waveguide are combined, the joint susceptance and the turns ratio of the ideal transformer are calculated by two simulations using HFSS (3d fullwave simulator, Ansoft Co.) respectively. The susceptance and resonance characteristics of the inserted post were analyzed by using the obtained parameters and the characteristics of the EMRWG. A 2-post filter with a center frequency of 4.5 GHz and a bandwidth of 170 MHz was designed using a WR-90 waveguide, and the simulation results by using the HFSS and CST, equivalent circuit model were in good agreement.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the optimum irrigation method for propagation of cutting strawberry ($Fragaria{\times}ananassa$ Duch. cv. Maehyang) plantlet in summer season. The cutting strawberry plantlets were planted in 24-cell tray ($60{\times}34{\times}10cm$) filled with commercial mixed medium (Tosilee) and placed in semi closed-type small plastic tunnel. Each semi closed-type small plastic tunnel was treated as follows; control (non-treatment), over head irrigation (twice a day), capillary mats irrigation (twice a day), or fog irrigation (30 minutes turn on and 10 minutes off from 8:00 to 18:00). The strawberry plantlets were rooted during 8 days in the semi closed-type small plastic tunnel, and then plastic film was removed. Growth parameters, such as plant height, root length, number of primary roots, petiole length, leaf length, leaf width, crown diameter, SPAD, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of the shoot and root, were measured at 61 days after cutting. Relative humidity in tunnel was high in the order by fog irrigation, over head irrigation, capillary mats, and the control as 72.5, 56.3, 45.8, and 29% on average, respectively. However, the air temperature was similar in all treatments. On the 4 and 8 days, the rooting rate of strawberry plantlet was significantly higher in the over head irrigation and fog irrigation treatments. Plant height, petiole length, crown diameter, and leaf area were highest in the over head irrigation and fog irrigation treatments. In addition, fresh and dry weights of shoot were greater in over head irrigation and fog irrigation treatments than the others. Dry weight of root was differed significantly heaviest in the fog irrigation treatment. However, root length, no. of primary roots, SPAD value, and fresh weight of root were not significantly different in all treatments. These results indicated that growth and rooting for propagation of cutting strawberry plantlet 'Maehyang' were best achievement in the over head irrigation and fog irrigation treatments.