• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2010

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was occurred on the three vegetables of egg plant (Solanum melongena), whole radish (Raphanus acanthiformis) and sugar loaf (Cichorium intybus) at Anyang area infested with TSWV. Whole radish was produced the symptoms of necrotic spots on the leaves, and necrosis and malformation on the roots by TSWV. Egg plant was induced the symptoms of typical multiple ring spots on the leaves and necrotic rings on the fruits. Sugar loaf was infected severely with the typical symptoms of ring spots on the leaves and stunt. The three isolates of TSWV could infect locally on the indicator plants of Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa and Nicotiana debney, and systemically on N. glutinosa, N. benthamiana and Datura stramonium. Two TSWV isolates from egg plant and sugar loaf were very similar in virulence. However, the virulence of TSWV from whole radish was very different as local infection on 5 Nicotiana species including N. tabacum 'Xanthi NC'.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 1990

In order to characterize the chloroplasts of Korean ginseng as a semi-shade plant and radish as a sun plant, effects of growth light intensity on photosynthetic electron transport (PS) activity in chloroplasts and superoxide (O2.-) production in thylakoid membrane by irradiation were investigated. High-light chloroplasts of both plants showed higher PS activities than those grown under ow growth light intensity. High PS II and low PS I activities in ginseng chloroplasts (ratio of PS II/PS I : 1.1) were observed, but radish chloroplasts showed low PS II and high PS I activities (ratio of PS II/PS I : 0.3). PS II activity of both plants was little affected by temperature in range of 15-35$^{\circ}C$. Activities of whole -chain (PS II+I) in ginseng and PS I in radish were increased at high temperature (4$0^{\circ}C$). Preincubation of chloroplasts at 4$0^{\circ}C$ during 30 min, as a mild heat stress, caused rapid decrease in PS II and PS II+I activities of both plants. However PS I activity was not decreased in ginseng and rather increased in radish. O2.- production (NBT reduction) in Mehler reaction in the thylakoid membrane was inhibited by DCMU in both plants. DMBIB inhibited O2.- production in ginseng, but radish was insensitive to DMBIB. Electron flow system in ginseng thylakoid membrane was more susceptible to damage of photooxidation than that of radish.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.270-278
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• 2000

A machine vision system using charge coupled device(CCD) camera for the weed detection in a radish farm was developed. Shape features were analyzed with the binary images obtained from color images of radish and weeds. Aspect, Elongation and PTB were selected as significant variables for discriminant models using the STEPDISC option. The selected variables were used in the DISCRIM procedure to compute a discriminant function for classifying images into one of the two classes. Using discriminant analysis, the successful recognition rate was 92% for radish and 98% for weeds. To recognize radish and weeds more effectively than the discriminant analysis, an artificial neural network(ANN) was used. The developed ANN model distinguished the radish from the weeds with 100%. The performance of ANNs was improved to prevent overfitting and to generalize well using a regularization method. The successful recognition rate in the farms was 93.3% for radish and 93.8% for weeds. As a whole, the machine vision system using CCD camera with the artificial neural network was useful to detect weeds in the radish farms.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.295-303
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• 2017

Physicochemical and antioxidant activity characteristics of radish pickles added with different amounts of stevia leaf (0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g) were investigated. Radish slices ($4{\times}4{\times}4cm$) were salted with NaCl, soaked into pickling solution added with different amounts of stevia leaf, and then stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 6 months. Throughout the whole storage periods, L and b values of radish pickles increased significantly with increasing amount of stevia leaf, whereas a value decreased. Hardness and strength increased significantly with increasing amount of stevia leaf during the storage period. Antioxidant compound contents and antioxidant activity increased significantly with increasing amount of stevia leaf. These results are expected to be useful in producing stevia leaf radish pickles with antioxidant activity and we propose the manufacture and commercialization of radish pickles added with 2.0 g of stevia leaf.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 1996

This study was aimed to observe the effects of municipal sewage sludge as a organic fertilizer on the growth and KDICical omposition of Altari radish (Raphanus sativus). The accumulation rate of heavy metals of the sludge in the radish was also observed. Municipal sewage sludge of Taejon City was applied to the soil of Pai-Chai University Farm to make 6 gradients of sludge contents in the soil. Root weight of Altari radish was affected significantly by N and P contents in the soil. The longest leaves and roots were produced in the control group, in which urea was applied as nitrogen source to the soil. Even though any other sludge-applied groups produced shorter leaves and roots than the control group, the length of the leaves and roots and the weight of the whole plant of the radish tended to increase with the increase of the sludge application. Contents of N, K, Ca and Mg in the radish were not significantly different among those in 6 experimental groups, but P contents in leaves varied among the 6 groups. Zn content of spring Altari radish treated with 200% sludge was 57.6 mg/kg. It is the highest contents among 6 experimental groups. Contents of Zn, Mn and Cd were higher in leaves than in roots, but less than those in market vegetables. From the above results, it is concluded that municipal sewage sludge can be applied as organic fertilizer to the growth of Altari radish. But this sludge could not be applied under our current regulations, which must be reviewed at intra-governmental leavels.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1983

In order to study the effects of cropping system and fungicide (Dachigaren) on soil microbes, the seasonal fluctuations of soil microbes in the fields of radish and Chinese cabbage including soil pH, Soil moisture content and soil temperature were investigated on every 15 day interval from the begining of March to late October in 1981. The population of total fungus peaked at the begining of July, while that of total bacteria, at the begining of August. They were affected by soil temperature, however pathogenic microbes seemed to be more related with host plants than the soil temperature, because pathogens showed high density through the whole cultivation period. The pathogenic microbes showed the density of order ; Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium and Corynebacterium. Xanthomonas, Erwinia and Pseudomonas, which induced radish and Chinese cabbage diseases were higher than Agrobacterium and Corynebacterium in population densigy. Bacterial soft rot occured at the density of Erwinia $5.9{\sim}6.6{\times}10^5/dry$ soil 1 gram. The density of microbes on continuous fields were higher than that of rotating fields, but there were no significant difference between treated fungicide plot and non treated in the density of microbes, also no difference between Chinese cabbage and radish growing fields.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.729-748
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• 2022

Development of radish collectors may enhance radish production and promote upland crop mechanization in the Republic of Korea. Theoretical analysis of power is crucial to ensure the optimum design of agricultural machinery. The aim of the present study is to analyze theoretically the power requirement of a tractor-mounted radish collector under development and to propose design guidelines. The important components of the radish collector were belt-type conveyors, three hydraulic motors, and a direct current (DC) winch motor to operate the total radish collecting process. Theoretical equations were used to calculate the hydraulic motor's power, winch motor power, and draft power at loaded and unloaded conditions. A variety of tractors (44 - 74 kW) and different soil characteristics (hard, firm, tilted, and sandy) were considered to investigate the appropriate drawbar power. Variations of the power requirement of the tractor-mounted radish collector were observed due to modifications of the design parameters. The required hydraulic power of the stem cutting conveyor, stem cutting blade, and transfer conveyor of the radish collector were 0.23 and 0.24, 0.18 and 0.19, and 0.19 and 0.22 kW under unloaded and loaded conditions, respectively. The maximum draft power was calculated as 0.89, 1.07, 1.25, and 1.61 kW at a 30° tilted angle for hard, firm, tilted, and sandy soil, respectively. The calculation showed 2.07 kW DC power was required for unfolding or folding the stem-cutting conveyor. A maximum power of 4.78 kW was prescribed for conducting the whole process of the tractor-mounted radish collector. The analysis of power introduced in this study will be helpful to select the appropriate design parameters for the successful development of a tractor-mounted radish collector.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.176-182
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• 2007

Under the conditions of the least inputs such as no-chemical fertilizer, no-chemical insecticide, and no-weeding, this experiment was carried out to examine the effect of mixed-seeding date on growth of hairy vetch and radish, and on the status of weed occurrence. Radish was severely damaged by insects during the whole growth period. Many summer annual weeds emerged and grew vigorously when the seeding date was August 14, but rarely emerged when the seeding date was August 28. Most growth parameters of hairy vetch and radish were higher when the seeding date was August 14, compared to those of the seeding dates of August 21 and August 28. For the mixed seeding of hairy vetch and radish under the conditions of the least inputs, the seeding date during the middle of August could be recommended.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.275-286
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• 2021

In this study, we produced kimchi with cooked Dioscorea batatas yam based on the its outstanding nutritional value, biological activity, and pharmacological action. Sliced kimchi cabbage, processed white radish kimchi (kkakdugi), and whole kimchi cabbage were prepared with 3% Dioscorea batatas, and the physicochemical and bioactivity characteristics were analyzed. In three kinds of Dioscorea batatas. The pH of the kimchi decreased and its acidity increased as the storage period was extended. The period of the maximum total viable cell count of the sliced cabbage and the processed white radish kimchi (kkakdugi) was 14 days, while the period for whole kimchi cabbage was 21 days. The period of maximum lactic acid bacteria count was 14 days for all three kinds. For physiological activities, polyphenol and flavonoid contents and DPPH elimination were highest immediately after production of the kimchi. Also, anthocyanin content increased as the storage period extended. The pH, acidity, total viable cell count, lactic acid bacteria count, and physiological activities were shown to be different according to the type of kimchi and the storage period.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.379-390
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• 2021

In this study, we produced kimchi with cooked Dioscorea batatas yam. Sliced kimchi cabbage, processed white radish kimchi (kkakdugi), and whole kimchi cabbage were prepared with 3% Dioscorea batatas, the nutritional and sensory properties were evaluated. The three types of D. opposita kimchi showed energy content in the range of 35-40 kcal per 100 g, and no crude fat, saturated fat, trans fat, or cholesterol was detected. Sodium content was 450-650 mg, with sliced cabbage kimchi showing the highest concentration. The vitamin C content increased significantly after 28 days of storage, with the sliced cabbage kimchi and whole-cabbage kimchi showing larger increases than the radish kimchi. All three types of D. opposita kimchi showed high Ca, K, and Mg contents. The whole-cabbage kimchi maintained salinity at a level of 2.38-2.72% from immediately after preparation to 28 days of storage compared to sliced cabbage kimchi and radish kimchi. Sliced cabbage and whole kimchi cabbage kimchi showed an increase in lightness and a decrease in redness with longer storage duration. Compared to the control groups, the experimental groups (with added D. opposita) showed higher yellowness. The hardness of the three types of kimchi decreased with longer storage duration. In sensory evaluation, there were no significant differences between the control groups and the experimental groups.