• Title/Summary/Keyword: Wheel order

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Implementation of Real-time Wheel Order Recognition System Based on the Predictive Parameters for Speaker's Intention

  • Moon, Serng-Bae;Jun, Seung-Hwan
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.35 no.7
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    • pp.551-556
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    • 2011
  • In this paper new enhanced post-process predicting the speaker's intention was suggested to implement the real-time control module for ship's autopilot using speech recognition algorithm. The parameter was developed to predict the likeliest wheel order based on the previous order and expected to increase the recognition rate more than pre-recognition process depending on the universal speech recognition algorithms. The values of parameter were assessed by five certified deck officers being good at conning vessel. And the entire wheel order recognition process were programmed to TMS320C5416 DSP so that the system could recognize the speaker's orders and control the autopilot in real-time. We conducted some experiments to verify the usefulness of suggested module. As a result, we have confirmed that the post-recognition process module could make good enough accuracy in recognition capabilities to realize the autopilot being operated by the speech recognition system.

Contact Stress Analysis on the Variation of Wheel Profile (차륜답면의 형상변화에 의한 접촉응력분포 해석)

  • Kim Eui-Seok;Hur Hyun-Mo;Yun Chun-Han
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.663-667
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    • 2003
  • Mechanical force acted on the rail wheel causes excessive wear and increases the maintenance cost. The present paper proposes newly designed wheel profiles in order to reduce the contact stress. Numerical analysis on the stress distribution of wheel-rail contact stress is carried out using ABAQUS, a commercial finite element code. The result of KNR1/40 conical wheel is compared to those of the proposed wheels, all of which are arc wheel profile type.

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A New Wheel Design for Miniaturized Terrain Adaptive Robot (험지 주행용 소형 로봇을 위한 바퀴의 설계)

  • Kim, Yoo Seok;Kim, Haan;Jung, Gwang Pil;Kim, Seong Han;Cho, Kyu Jin;Chu, Chong Nam
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.32-38
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    • 2013
  • Small mobile robots which use round wheels are suitable for driving on a flat surface, but it cannot climb the obstacle whose height is greater than the radius of wheels. As an alternative, legged-wheels have been proposed by many researchers due to its better climbing performance. However, driving and climbing performances have a trade-off relationship so that their driving performance should be sacrificed. In this study, in order to achieve both driving and climbing performances, a new transformable wheel was developed. The developed transformable wheel can have a round shape on a flat surface and change its shape into legged-wheel when it makes a contact with an obstacle. For design of the transformable wheel, the performance of legged-wheel was analyzed with respect to the number and curvature of the leg, and then the new transformable wheel was designed based on the analysis. Contrary to the existing transformable wheels that contain additional actuators for the transformation, the developed transformable wheel can be unfolded without any additional actuator. In this study, in order to validate the transformable wheel, a simple robot platform was fabricated. Consequently, it climbed the obstacle whose height is 2.6 times greater than the wheel radius.

Study on grindability of ferrite (페라이트의 연삭성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Seong-Cheong;Lee, Jae-U
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.21 no.9
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    • pp.1507-1519
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    • 1997
  • This paper aims to clarify the effects of grinding conditions on bending strength in surface grinding of various ferrites with the resin bond diamond wheel. The main conclusions obtained were as follows. At a constant material removal rate, the strength improves with increased wheel depth of cut and decreased workpiece speed. It is desirable to grind at higher peripheral wheel speed and under the critical workpiece speed presented in this paper. Grinding the ferrite of higher brittleness, the wheel depth of cut limited to hold 50% of their inherent strength becomes lower. The effect of various grinding conditions on bending strength becomes more larger in the order of Sr, Mn-Zn and Cu-Ni-Zn. When using the diamond grain of the lower toughness, the bending strength becomes higher, and the wheel wear occurs faster. Considering both bending strength and wheel wear rate, the best concentration of wheel is 100. The ground surfaces exhibit that the fracture process during grinding becomes more brittle in the order of Sr, Mn-Zn and Cu-Ni-Zn.

Development of Discontinuous Grinding Wheel with Multi-Porous Grooves (다기공홈형 단속연삭지석의 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 김정두
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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    • 1996.03a
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    • pp.108-113
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    • 1996
  • Conventionally, grinding of stainless steel, aluminium alloy, copper alloy, and titanum alloy is difficult due to the mechanical properties such as low hardness, high toughness which result in the loading of wheel and the poor surface finish. In order to grind this sort of materials easily, discontinuous grinding wheel with multi-porous grooves was newly developed. The multi-porous grooves were formed during wheel production. This discontinuous grinding wheel drastically increases the grinding performance. It is desirable to use the discontinuous grinding wheel when grinding materials with high efficiency and accuracy which is impossible by conventional wheels. In this paper, the construction and manufacturing method of grinding wheel with multi-porous grooves are explained. The grinding charateristics of discontinuous grinding wheel was also illustrated.

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Design of Field-Driving Robot with Variable Wheel Mechanism (가변 휠 메커니즘을 가지는 필드 주행 로봇 설계)

  • Lee, Joon-Sung;Kim, Young-Seok;Kim, Kun-Jung;Yu, Kee-Ho
    • The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.186-190
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    • 2019
  • When problems occurred in the unstable and/or extreme terrain environment, formal field-driving robots were unable to provide any other options such as the transformation of the wheel and body structure, and so on. For such reason, this paper proposed a novel type of integrated wheel mechanism that can be operated as a conventional driving wheel mode and hybrid wheel-leg mode in order to be negotiated in an unstable terrain environment. The mechanical effect of the proposed variable wheel mechanism was analyzed considering the geometric constraint and power requirement of the actuator for the transformation. In addition, we designed and manufactured the prototype of field-driving robot, which reliably control the variable wheel shape. Finally, the effectiveness of the variable wheel mechanism was verified by preliminary experimental approach.

A Study on the Steering Wheel Vibration affected by the Fastening Torque of the Wheel Mounting Hub Bolts of Steel Wheels (스틸휠의 체결력에 따른 조향휠 진동에 관한 연구)

  • 안세진;정의봉;유완석;김명규
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.189-195
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    • 2003
  • The steel wheels are widely used in the passenger cars because of their low cost of production although the aluminum wheels have many advantages in their performance and appearance. It is known that the steering wheel vibration with steel wheels is generated more often than one with aluminum wheels. Both the constant velocity driving test and the m up test are carried out in this study to analyze the causes and path of the steering wheel vibration generated from the steel wheels. And this study shows that the steering wheel vibration is affected by the fastening torque of the wheel mounting bolts between the steel wheel and the suspension disk.

Evaluation of Boundary Conditions for Structural Analysis of Wheel Bearing Units (Wheel Bearing Unit의 구조해석을 위한 경계조건 설정에 관한 연구)

  • 김기훈;유영면;임종순;현준수
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.8 no.6
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    • pp.230-237
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    • 2000
  • The wheel bearing in vehicles has been improved to unit module by joining a bearing to a hub in order to achieve weight reduction and easy assembly. Currently, the contact force between a raceway and balls of a bearing is applied as the external force in order to analyse the structure of the unit type bearings. In this paper, simplified boundary conditions are discussed for structure analysis of wheel bearing unit. From the procedure, the contact conditions of balls and race in wheel bearing unit are considered as equivalent non-linear spring elements. The end node of a spring element is constrained in displacement. And the external force of boundary conditions is applied at the contact point between tire and road. For the evaluation of this analysis, its results for the force of spring elements are compared with contact forces of calculated results. and also maximum equivalent stresses of analysis are compared with results of test at the flange of inner ring. The analysis results with proposed boundary conditions are more accurate than results from analysis which is generally used.

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Enhancement of Ship's Wheel Order Recognition System using Speaker's Intention Predictive Parameters (화자의도예측 파라미터를 이용한 조타명령 음성인식 시스템의 개선)

  • Moon, Serng-Bae
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.791-797
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    • 2008
  • The officer of the deck(OOD) may sometimes have to carry out lookout as well as handling of auto pilot without a quartermaster at sea. The purpose of this paper is to develop the ship's auto pilot control module using speech recognition in order to reduce the potential risk of one man bridge system. The feature parameters predicting the OOD's intention was extracted from the sample wheel orders written in SMCP(IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases). We designed a pre-recognition procedure which could make some candidate words using DTW(Dynamic Time Warping) algorithm, a post-recognition procedure which made a final decision from the candidate words using the feature parameters. To evaluate the effectiveness of these procedures the experiment was conducted with 500 wheel orders.

Analysis of the stress distribution under a driving lugged wheel by photoelastic method (광탄성법(光彈性法)에 의(依)한 러그달린 구동륜하(駆動輪下)의 응력분포(應力分布)에 관(關)한 해석(解析))

  • Kim, Jin Hyun;Choi, Sang In
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.11-17
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    • 1983
  • Stress distribution under a driving lugged wheel was obtained by photoelastic method. The distribution showed two distinct parts, one part is due to sinkage and other due to compression. Results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. The tangential reactions of sinkage as well as compressing parts were directly proportional to tangential load to the driving wheel, that's appeared to be thrust of the driving wheel. The normal reactions of both sinkage and compressing parts were directly proportional to the vertical load to the driving wheel, that's appeared to be resistance against wheel motion. 2. When the tangential load was constant, changing the vertical load did not show any significant thrust variation of the driving wheel. 3. Under the condition of this experiment, the ratio of vertical load to tangential load (T.L/V.L) must be greater than 1.0 in order for the wheel to roll.

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