• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.302-314
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• 2018

This study investigated the effect of rice bran fiber (RBF) and wheat fibers (WF) on microbiological and physicochemical properties of fermented sausages during ripening and storage. The experimental design included three treatments: Control, no addition; RBF, 1.5%; and WF, 1.5%. During the ripening periods, the addition of dietary fibers rapidly decreased pH and maintained high water activity values of fermented sausages (p<0.05). Lactic acid bacteria were more prevalent in fermented sausages with rice bran fiber than control and sausages with added wheat fiber. During cold storage, lower pH was observed in sausages with dietary fibers (p<0.05), and the water activity and color values were reduced as the storage period lengthened. Fermented sausages containing dietary fibers were higher in lactic acid bacteria counts, volatile basic nitrogen and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values compared to the control (p<0.05). The results indicate that, the addition of dietary fibers in the fermented sausages promotes the growth of lactic bacteria and fermentation, and suggests that development of functional fermented sausages is possible.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권2호통권85호
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• pp.239-245
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• 1998

섬유소를 분해하여 이용하기 위해서는 섬유소 분해효소를 대량으로 생산하는 것이 중요하며 이를 위해서는 적절한 탄소원을 이용하여 섬유소 분해효소의 대량생산을 유도하는 것이 중요하다. 본 실험에서는 Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30을 섬유소 분해효소의 생산 균주로 solka floc을 탄소원으로 사용하여 섬유소 분해효소의 활성을 증가시키기 위한 배지내 최적 농도가 1%이고 포도당이 0.5%이상 배지에 첨가 될 경우 섬유소 분해효소의 생산이 저해됨을 알 수 있었다. 정제된 섬유소인 solka floc이 목질섬유소인 wheat bran과 함께 탄소원으로 사용되었을 때 각각을 섬유소 분해효소 생산의 유도 물질로 이용했을 때보다 더 높은 CMCase 활성과 FPase 활성을 보였다. Solka floe 1%와 wheat bran 3%을 탄소원으로 사용한 배지의 CMCase 활성이 76 U/ml, FPase 활성이 12.6 U/ml로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2016

Mealworms, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), are widely used as food sourcefor animal rearing as well as human diet. Conventionally, mealworms raised on wheat bran. In this study, we investigated the effects of brewer's spent grain (BSG) on the growth of mealworm larvae to reduce the rearing cost. We prepared five different diets with various BSG content, 0, 10, 30, 50, and 70% of heated air dried BSG with wheat bran. We compared survivorship, larval weight, developmental duration, pupation rate, and pupal weight of five different groups of T. molitor raised on these five diets. The larval survivorships were almost similar with the control group except a group with 70% of BSG. For the larval weight, groups with 30% and 50% of BSG gained more weight than that with control treatment, 0% of BSG. For the developmental period, the groups with 30% of BSG took less time compared to the control group. In all treatment groups, more than 90% of pupation rate were observed. Especially, the group with 30% of BSG showed highest pupation rate among the five groups. Wheat bran with 30~50% of BSG was the optimal diet for successive insect rearing among the five diet treatments. Based on this study, we concluded that adding BSG to wheat bran helps to improve the quality of T. molitor and to reduce the rearing period.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.143-146
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• 1991

세균액화형의 ${\alpha}-amylase$의 공업적 생산의 효율성을 높이기 위한 연구의 일환으로 제분공장과 도정공장의 분산물인 밀기울과 쌀겨를 이용하여 배양배지를 조성하고 B. subtilus와 A. oryzae 및 B. natto를 배양한 후 액화형 ${\alpha}-amylase$의 활성을 조사한 결과 B. subtilus와 A. oryzae의 경우 순수배지와 비교하였을 때 큰 차이가 없었으나 B. natto의 경우 외밀기울에서 액화활성이 다른 대구조에 비하여 크게 나타났는데 순수 배지를 이용한 액화활성은 crude enzyme에서 27.3 unit/ ml이고, 최종 액화 활성은 1,255.8u / ml인데 반해 외밀기울을 이용한 액화 활성은 crude enzyme에서 256.0 unit/ ml이고, 최종 액화 활성은 10,700 unit 이었으며 최적 배양온도는 $37^{\circ}C$이며 최적 배양액 pH는 6.8이었다. 그리고 정제된 효소의 분자량은 34,000dalton이었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 밀거울이 ${\alpha}-amylase$의 공업적 생산을 위한 저렴한 기질로 사용될만한 가치가 있다고 사료된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2016

Distillers dried grain (DDG) and makgeolli spent grain (MSG) are agricultural byproducts to produce alcoholic beverage. However, they are known to contain enough nutrients. Mealworm is a promising insect resource for an animal feed ingredient as well as alternative human food. With low cost, DDG and MSG were investigated as a feed ingredient for rearing high quality mealworms. DDG and MSG were mixed with wheat bran and compared to control feed (only wheat bran) for its effects on larval survivorship, larval weight, duration for developmental period, pupation rate, and pupal weight. When DDG added, larval survivorship was reduced to 50~70% compared to the control group. Larvae fed on DDG were heavier from third to sixth week. Especially, larvae with 50% DDG were 28% heavier than the control group at the third week. For the larval period, the 50% DDG group was 11% less than that for the control. The pupal weight for the 30% DDG group was 7% heavier than that for the control group. Pupation rates for all the DDG groups were higher than 90%. When compared to the control, larval survivorship for the 70% MSG group was low, but the 50% and 70% MSG groups were high during the seventh and eighth weeks because of delayed development. After the eighth week, larvae with 70% MSG showed the highest larval weight increase as 9~18% compared to the control group. Except 70% MSG group, all of MSG groups showed more than 90% pupation rates. We confirmed that adding 30~50% of DDG or MSG to conventional wheat bran have a strong potential to replace the conventional wheat bran insect feed for quality insect production.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of harvesting date and additives on the quality of fall sown oat(Avena sativa L.) silage at the department of animal resources science, college of life resources science, Woosuk University, Wanju &om August, 1997 to March, 1998. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plots consisted of the harvesting date such as 15 Oct., 23 Oct. and 2 Nov. and different additives as subplots(control, wheat bran, formic acid, lactic acid bacteria, and wilting). The results otained are summarized as follow : The fiesh and dry matter yield of oat were increased by harvesting date delayed, then fiesh and dry matter yield at 2 Nov. were highest as 36,733 and 7,29Okg/ha, respectively. The dry matter content of oat silage was increased significantly by harvesting date delayed(P< 0.05), and DM content of wheat bran and wilting treatment was high at every harvest date. The DM loss was lower in LAB, formic acid and wheat bran treatment, but on significant difference was found among harvesting date(P< 0.05). Average pH of silage harvested at 23 Oct. was lowest as 4.06, and the quality(CP, NDF, ADF, and IVMDM) of oat silage was decreased by harvesting date delayed. The content of acetic acid was no difference among harvesting date, but butyric acid was decreased and lactic acid was increased at 23 Oct. harvest. The result of this study indicate that oat harvested at booting-heading stage of maturity with wilting wheat bran, and LAB could be recommended as producing high quality of oat silage.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1157-1168
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different amounts of wheat bran (WB) inclusion and postbiotics form by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and phytase co-fermented wheat bran (FWB) on the growth performance and health status of broilers. Methods: Study randomly allocated a total of 300 male broilers to a control and 4 treatment groups (5% WB, 5% FWB, 10% WB, and 10% FWB inclusion, respectively) with each pen having 20 broilers and 3 pens per treatment. Results: The WB does not contain enzymes, but there are 152.8, 549.2, 289.5, and 147.1 U/g dry matter xylanase, protease, cellulase and β-glucanase in FWB, respectively. Furthermore, FWB can decrease nitric oxide release of lipopolysaccharide stimulated chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells by about two times. Results show that 10% FWB inclusion had significantly the highest weight gain (WG) at 1 to 21 d; 5% FWB had the lowest feed conversion rate at 22 to 35 d; 10% WB and 10% FWB inclusion have the highest villus height and Lactobacillus spp. number in caecum; and both 5% and 10% FWB can increase ash content in femurs. Compared to control group, all treatments increase mucin 2, and tight junction (TJ), such as occludin, claudin-1, zonula occludens-1, and mRNA expression in ileum by at least 5 folds. In chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase-1 mRNA expression decreases from 2 to 5 times, and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit mRNA expression also increases in all treatment groups compared to control group. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-κB, and IL-1β, decreases in 5% and 10% FWB groups compared to control group. Conclusion: To summarize, both WB and FWB inclusion in broilers diets increase TJ mRNA expression and anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, but up to 10% FWB groups have better WG in different stages of broiler development.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2022

Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of spineless cactus (0%, 33%, 66%, and 100%) used as a substitute for wheat bran in buffalo diets on quantitative and qualitative traits of the meat and carcass. Methods: Twenty Murrah buffaloes at 18 months of age, with a mean initial weight of 292.9±57.3 kg, were randomly allocated to four treatments with five replicates. The animals were slaughtered after 90 days in the feedlot. The effects of spineless cactus as a replacement for wheat bran in the diet of the buffaloes on the carcass and meat traits, slaughter weight, carcass yield and carcass measurements were studied. Results: Increased spineless cactus levels led to linear reduction in average daily gain, slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, compactness index and in the amount of muscle in the carcass, and there is no difference between the control treatment and the 33% replacing level for these parameters. The quality of the meat was not influenced by the treatments. Conclusion: Spineless cactus can replace wheat bran by up to 33% in sugarcane-based diets for buffaloes, without influencing quantitative and qualitative traits of the meat and carcass.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1699-1707
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• 2000

Thirty-one multiparous Bos indicus${\times}$Bos taurus cows were offered concentrate supplements based on (1) 2 kg wheat bran; (2) 4 kg wheat bran; and (3) concentrate (30 maize: 67 wheat bran) at 0.5 kg per 1.0 kg milk produced, in a one year study in India. All supplements also contained 2 parts of a mineral mixture and 1 part salt. Cows were allocated to treatments at calving on parity (2nd and 3rd calf) with 13, 8 and 10 cows respectively in treatments 1, 2 and 3. They were individually fed for whole lactation, the basal diet being ad libitum berseem clover plus 2 kg wheat straw in the cool season/winter (period 1) and chopped maize in summer (period 2). Diets with berseem offered TDN and CP contents of 67.6, 18.2; 65.5, 16.8; and 67.5, 16.8 percent; and with maize fodder 62.6, 12.0; 62.6, 12.5; and 63.3, 12.5 percent for treatments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Total dry matter (DM) intakes (1) 9.9 kg, (2) 10.9 kg and (3) 11.1 kg DM/day and intake of nutrients (TDN, CP) increased with level of supplementation (p<0.01), but effects of treatment on animal performance were not significant. Cow milk yields averaged (1) 7.9 kg, (2) 8.1 kg and (3) 8.8 kg milk/day (p>0.05) for lactation lengths of 252, 270 and 220 days (p>0.05) and cows gained +7.3; +8.1; and +12.0 kg respectively over their lactation (p>0.05). Wheat bran was used effectively as the sole energy component in concentrates for lactating dairy cows. Its use could potentially reduce feed costs and demands for cereal grain. Reduced concentrate levels may be considered if green forages of high nutrient content are fed ad libitum. Associated economic advantages or disadvantages require further evaluation.

• 한국가정과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가정과학회 1997년도 가정과학회 총회 및 학술대회
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• pp.39-43
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• 1997

토하젓은 식품 우수성 및 식품안전성을 갖춘 전남의 전통 발효식품이다. 아직까지 토하젓은 가격이 비싸며, 지역적 상품에 불과하므로 토하젓의 일반화 · 대중화를 위해 발효된 토하젓과 완숙된 토마토를 주 원료로하여 토하젓 소스 개발에 대한 연구를 실시하였다. 토하젓은 $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$에서 2개월 이상 숙성시킨 것으로 믹서에 갈았으며, 완숙된 토마토는 삶아서 여과 가열, 농축시켜 소스를 만들어 사용했다. 믹서에 간 토하젓화 토마토 소스를 여러비율로 혼합하여 적정 혼합비율인 토하젓 1 : 토마토 소스 4를 선택한 뒤 이에 고추장, 에틸알코올 및 전분 paste를 첨가하여 관능적, 기계적 특성을 조사하였다. 1. 토하젓 소스의 회분과 염도는 토하젓 일정량에 대해 토마토 소스의 함량이 적을수록 높았으며, pH는 낮게 나타났다. 2. 관능검사에서 토마토 소스의 첨가량이 많을수록 색, 외관, 신냄새, 신맛, 부드러움, 점성 및 전체적인 기호도가 증가하였고 첨가량이 적을수록 부패냉새, 짠맛, 부패맛이 증가하였다. 3. 고추장이 첨가된 토하젓 소스에서는 고추장 첨가량이 많올수록 외관(p