• 의료법학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.39-75
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• 2009

The development of the biomedical science and technology has extended an argument about a status in constitutional law of unborn human life and a protection of the potential human life to that of an embryo and a gamete beyond a fetus. This argument has been focused on whether we should provide unborn or potential human life with human dignity and the right to life that are guaranteed by the constitutional law altogether or separately. If the right to life is given to unborn or potential human life, on what grounds can we restrict this right. Those who argue for the unity of the right to life with human dignity and the inseparability of those two claims that the right to life in itself should be guaranteed absolutely. According to the constitutional law, however, any constitutional right of the human person within the protection of essential part of the right can be compared with each other and restricted with some valid reasons from the legal perspective. This measure is unavoidable in reality because one right can come into conflict with another right frequently. Since fetus and embryo are in a process of developing into the human person, it is difficult to think that they are the same with the human person. For that reason, it is hard to consider that the right to life of fetus or embryo is the same with that of the human person. However, since a fetus has a special status as a potential human person, and an embryo also has a special value as a potential fetus upon an implantation, the right to life of fetus or embryo should be judged differently according to the stage of their development. A study on a constitutional status and protection of a fetus and an embryo is essential because unborn or potential human life is the origin of human person. Therefore, we have to make much account of their right to life and seek the legal respect for their inherent value.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 지역의 랜드마크 인지요인이 관광만족에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 지역 랜드마크 인지요인과 관광만족의 영향관계에서 지역주민과 관광객의 인식의 차이로 인해 그 영향관계가 어떻게 달라지는지를 확인하고 그 시사점을 제시하는 것이다. 연구를 위하여 광주광역시의 관광지를 찾은 관광객과 지역주민을 대상으로 2019년 9월 1일부터 10월 6일까지 36일간 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 389부를 회수하여 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 랜드마크 인지요인은 상징성과 역사성으로 관광만족은 단일요인으로 구분되었다. 랜드마크 인지요인은 관광만족에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며 지역주민과 관광객에 따라 그 영향관계에는 차이가 발생하였다. 그러므로 랜드마크를 통한 관광 상품을 개발하고자 할 때, 지나치게 지역주민의 의견을 반영하게 되면 오히려 관광객들이 외면하는 결과가 있을 수 있으므로 다양한 의견을 적절히 반영하는 것이 중요할 것이다.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.35-60
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• 2010

이 논문은 동태게임이론에 바탕을 둔 구조모형을 개발하여 미국 Dallas-Forth Worth 지역의 우유시장의 시장지배력을 측정하였다. 특히, 정태모형에서 도출된 담합추정 파라미터와 동태모형에서 도출된 파라미터를 비교하였으며 정태모형을 이용한 시장지배력 측정의 편기를 분석하였고 기업들의 담합행동의 순환적인 행동도 분석하였다. 분석 결과에 따르면 기업들의 행위가 동태적인 과점이론을 따를 경우 정태모형은 시장지배력을 과소평가하는 경향을 나타내고 있으며 Dallas-Forth Worth 우유시장에서 기업들의 담합 행위는 수요충격과 미래에 예상되는 비용충격에 반순환적인(countercyclical) 모습을 보여주고 있다. Dallas-Forth Worth 시장의 결과는 이론적인 동태과점모형의 예측과 일치하고 있다. 이는 기업들이 가격책정이 다른 기업들의 현재 시장에서의 반응뿐만 아니라 미래의 시장경쟁상황도 고려하여 이루어지고 있음을 나타낸다. 따라서 시장지배력의 검정은 이런 동태적 경쟁을 고려하도록 가격책정관계식을 설정하는 것이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 그리고 정태 계량모형을 데이터에 무원칙하게 적용하는 것은 시장의 경쟁상황에 대한 잘못된 해석을 유발할 수 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생을 위한 체계적인 진로 탐색 통합 인터넷 정보망 콘텐츠를 개발하는 것이다. 134명의 간호대학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했고 전문가 자문을 거쳐 통합 인터넷 정보망 콘텐츠 'Nurse Dream'을 설계 및 개발하였다. 응답자의 97.0%가 진로 탐색을 위한 통합 정보망 웹사이트 및 어플리케이션이 개발된다면 이용할 의향이 있다고 답했고, 이들은 '수입(19.0%)', '필수 자격 요건(18.0%)', '취업 경로(18.0%)'를 알기를 원하였다. 설문 결과와 전문가의 자문을 통해, 'Nurse Dream'을 설계했고 '간호사 진로 길잡이', '간호사 채용정보'를 포함한 다양한 카테고리를 구축했다. 본 통합 인터넷 정보망 콘텐츠 개발은 간호대학생에게 충분한 진로 탐색의 정보를 제공해 진로만족감을 높이며 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2019

Korea has the potential to lead the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which succeeded in the information and communication revolution, including the establishment of an e-government. The Go match between humans and computers has led to the realization that humans are starting to live in a new era that they have never experienced before. In 2018, the Federation of Science and Technology Organizations conducted a recognition survey on "what is the most urgent thing?" in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. As a result, it has been shown that the readjustment of the laws of science and technology is most urgent, so it is necessary to analyze the laws of science and technology. According to the research, more than 400 laws are diagnosed, and laws that serve as basic laws cannot lead the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The Framework Act on Science and Technology provides an emphasis on the promotion and management of R&D projects. When analyzing the regulations on 'Development of Science and Technology Innovation System', 'Basic Plan of Science and Technology', and 'Comprehensive Plan for Promotion of Local Science and Technology', there is no suggestion of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. After all, a comprehensive analysis of the current Framework Act on Science and Technology indicates that it is in effect the R&D and Management Act. The "Regulations on the Establishment and Operation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution Committee" poses the problem of defining parliamentary legislation as administrative legislation. 'In addition, if we analyze the Smart City Act, the lack of logical links with the Framework Act on Science and Technology and the Regulations on the Establishment and Operation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution Committee is a major problem. In conclusion, in order to platform the Fourth Industrial Revolution, two improvements can be put forward. First, the Framework Act on Science and Technology shall be abolished to enact the National Research and Development Administration Act, and secondly, the Framework Act on the Fourth Industrial Revolution shall be enacted to absorb the contents of the Regulations on the Establishment and Operation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution Committee.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.40-53
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• 2019

Although fake news has been present in human history at any time, nowadays, with social media, deceptive information has a stronger effect on society than before. This article answers two research questions, namely (1) Is the dissemination of fake news supported by machines through the automatic construction of filter bubbles, and (2) Are echo chambers of fake news manmade, and if yes, what are the information behavior patterns of those individuals reacting to fake news? We discuss the role of filter bubbles by analyzing social media's ranking and results' presentation algorithms. To understand the roles of individuals in the process of making and cultivating echo chambers, we empirically study the effects of fake news on the information behavior of the audience, while working with a case study, applying quantitative and qualitative content analysis of online comments and replies (on a blog and on Reddit). Indeed, we found hints on filter bubbles; however, they are fed by the users' information behavior and only amplify users' behavioral patterns. Reading fake news and eventually drafting a comment or a reply may be the result of users' selective exposure to information leading to a confirmation bias; i.e. users prefer news (including fake news) fitting their pre-existing opinions. However, it is not possible to explain all information behavior patterns following fake news with the theory of selective exposure, but with a variety of further individual cognitive structures, such as non-argumentative or off-topic behavior, denial, moral outrage, meta-comments, insults, satire, and creation of a new rumor.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

온라인 소매업은 인터넷 기반 회사들에게 전 세계의 온라인 고객들과 연결될 수 있는 기회를 제공했다. 그러나 많은 고객들은 온라인 지불결제 서비스의 위험성이나 사용의 어려움으로 인해 원하는 상품을 선택하고도 온라인에서 거래를 완료하지 못하는 경우가 종종 있다. 그동안 많은 연구자들이 온라인 지불결제에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 조사했지만 온라인 시장 환경이 급격하게 변화되면서 향후 5년 또는 10년 후의 전개될 상황을 예측하기란 매우 어렵다. 본 연구의 목적은 온라인 지불결제에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 검토하고 제3자 결제 회사 및 온라인 서비스 제공 업체에게 장기적인 동태적 의사 결정 모형을 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 온라인 지불결제 서비스 수용 모형을 개발하고 향후 10년 동안 전개될 상황을 시뮬레이션하기 위해 시스템 다이내믹스 기법을 사용하였다. 분석결과 온라인 지불결제 고객은 10년 안에 지속적으로 증가할 것이며 핵심 영향 요인으로는 서비스 품질, 시스템 품질 및 예상 소요시간인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

In recent years, urban regeneration is focused on smart and pedestrian oriented development utilizing various mobility technology. The characteristics of walkways needs to reflect such development orientations. This research is the first step to find an adequate slope for ramp replacing stairs and shared by pedestrians, personal mobilities and powered wheelchairs. It aims to check if ramps on a recommended degree of angle by general guidelines are more preferred than stairs and find out what make difference of such preferences. Two surveys were conducted at $9^{\circ}$ and $9.6^{\circ}$ ramps coexisted with stairs at sequential and parallel location. The study on the survey result found that the general evaluation of $9^{\circ}$ ramp was better than $9.6^{\circ}$ ramp but $9^{\circ}$ ramp was not preferred than stairs while $9.6^{\circ}$ ramps was preferred. The difference of preferences was related to characteristics of stairs. The stair with shorter tread and riser next to $9^{\circ}$ ramp was evaluated much better than stairs next to $9.6^{\circ}$ ramp. Therefore the research concludes that $10.0^{\circ}$ which many guidelines recommend for the maximum slop of a ramp was not adequate for a ramp to replace stairs as a preferred means of vertical circulation. In addition the research found that the preference was sensitive to moving direction and gender especially in regards to comfort of stairs and safety of ramp. Most pedestrians chose a means of vertical circulation based on its comfort but pedestrian's evaluation of safety was most different based on moving direction.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2021

It is true that the police have been faithful to the role of the regime's sewer and committed many disruptions and errors, and have been criticized and criticized by the public. It should now be the foundation of the democratic police and an organization supported by the people. The problem is that the quality, personality, and values of 130,000 police officers should be changed and should be in line with the spirit of the times. One of the theories of police corruption is the "rotten apple hypothesis." The theory is that there is a high possibility that the entire police force will be corrupted, as if the defective apple in the apple box is rotten and the whole apple is rotten, without filtering out potential corrupt police officers during the recruitment phase. In other words, the cause of corruption is based on personal flaws. This study intends to analyze the causes of police corruption and improvement measures. The purpose of this study is to ensure that police officers in charge of national security are usually armed with ethics and good conduct. The police should be trusted by the people and need a stronger prescription for police corruption. In this respect, this study aims to solve the corruption problem of police officials, analyze anti-corruption, and find out what are the desirable countermeasures. The main study methods of this study are as follows; First, we first tried to collect data through research on corruption-related literature. The analysis was focused on the related papers of police corruption and government reports. Second, police corruption theory and anti-corruption alternatives were analyzed. It was reviewed focusing on the theory of corruption or translated data. Third, a literature survey was analyzed to examine the National Police Agency's perception of police corruption. Based on these research methods, we tried to derive the desirable control measures for the hypothesis of police corruption. This study is believed to have contributed to supporting the organizational corruption and culture of the apple box, including the personality of the individual's values, which is a rotten apple theory of police corruption.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.203-219
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to review and analyzes the contract of carriage and delivery/transport document in light of the major changes made to the Incoterms^® 2020 rules forced into effect on January 1st, 2020. Design/methodology - This study analyzed responsibility for the loading and unloading of goods under the contract of carriage in Incoterms 2020^® rules forced into effect by the ICC from January 1, 2020, and what document must be presented as evidence of delivery by the seller. Findings - A review revealed that in Rule C, the costs of unloading at the place of destination are determined by the terms of the contract of carriage, and in the DAP and DDP rules, if the seller bears the unloading costs, such unloading costs cannot be recovered from the buyer. To settle this issue, the seller needs to make a contract of carriage by sea with the carrier on FI terms. Furthermore, in the case of containerized goods that the FCA should be used, FOB was misused because the seller could not present an on-board bill of lading in the L/C transaction. However, it was confirmed that in FCA, the parties can use an optional mechanism to issue an on-board bill of lading. Originality/value - Incoterms 2020^® rules are still widely used in international trade by parties to contract sales around the world, just like Incoterms 2010^® rules. This study attempts to reduce or eliminate disputes that may arise from interpretative misunderstandings between the parties in the contract of sales concluded by the seller and the buyer.