• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 2014

This study is on the characteristics of habitat use of Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus in Upo-wetland from June to August in 2013. The purpose is population management of Pheasant-tailed Jacana. Four nests were founded which are located in $56.2{\pm}16.37m$ from the waterside. Pheasant-tailed Jacana made their nests above Euryale ferox which consists with water plants such as Salvinia natans, Spirodela polyrhiza, Ceratophyllum demersum, Hydrocharis duvia and so on. Human beings seem to be the biggest obstacle of their breeding, according to this, Pheasant-tailed Jacana moved their eggs. Only two out of four nests, they moved their eggs and the distance was 1 to 2 meters from the nests. Since plant community of Euryale ferox is extensively distributed and water level also keep stable in Upo-wetland, the number of Pheasant-tailed Jacana coming to Upo-wetland is expected to increase every year. In the past, the number of Pheasant-tailed Jacana coming to Korea was too little to include management plan, but now, we need to manage them because of their population growth and the regular advent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

This study was carried out to propose the functional assessment and a wise use strategy on the ecologically valuable 'village wetlands' distributed in living area in Geumsan gun, Chungnam province, Korea. The targets of the functional evaluation were 24 wetlands, selected from 123 village wetlands, where villages and agricultural lands or core ecosystems are located within living area near the wetland and wetlands with historical and cultural significance. The functional evaluation was carried out by RAM (Rapid Assessment Model) and the conservation strategies were suggested. As a result of the functional evaluation, 9 wetlands were rated 'high' (2 'absolute conservation' and 7 'conservation' strategies), 14 wetlands were rated 'medium' ('enhancement' strategies), and one wetland was rated 'low' ('restore or enhancement' strategy). In consideration of the results of the functional evaluation, interviews with village residents, and historic meaning, 6 important village wetlands were selected that require additional management strategies, such as conservation, enhancement, and restoration. 2 wetlands were from "absolute conservation" strategy and 4 wetlands derived from "conservation" and "enhancement" strategy wetlands in consideration of the ecological connectivity of wetlands, the use of surrounding land, and the function as a biological habitat. The wise use and conservation strategy was specifically proposed respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.78-87
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• 1999

This study was aimed to establish the method and process of the Biotope Mapping System.(B.M.S.) The main aspects of research for biotope were divided by 4 schemes such as biosphere, geosphere, antroposphere and evaluation informations. The cartographic function of GIS(geographic information system) was also used to mapping them. The B.M.S. had been progressed with 5 steps : (1) making research goals, (2) constructing the graphic and attribute databases, (3) classifying 3 types of biotope such as tree/shrub biotop, grass biotop and wetland biotop. (4) cross-analyzing biotope types against land use, habitat characters, relief characters and danger/disturbance elements, (5) evaluating the biotope's potentialities. Only 3 steps of them were done in this study. The results of applicating the B.M.S on the research site as followings : 1. The interdisciplinary researches were needed to develop the B.M.S in Korea since ecological habitat conditions of Germany, England are differed from them of Korea. 2. The distributions of the land uses in Maejuri, Seunghwan eup in Chonan city were mainly recorded by forest(29.82%), orchard(14.11%) and landscaping around building site(9.05%). 3. The percentages of the Tree/Shrub Biotope type were ranged by the orchard type(23.8%), natural and artificial deciduous type with natural coniferous(23.6%) and etc. 4. The Grass Biotope type was mainly recorded by the wild grassland type(27.99%), garden type(14.21%) and peddy field with wild grassland(13.24%). 5. The distributions of the wetland were pointed high at the wetland type with reed marsh and edge vegetation around wetland(54.79%) and etc.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.48-63
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• 2008

This research is to apply suitable natural ecosystem evaluation criteria in order to develop the ecosystem conservation, restoration and ways to build substitute habitats as a compensation plan for damaged soundly natural ecosystems in small-scale projects such as resource recovery facility, filtration, etc. The environmental ecology evaluation i.e. generally based on their actual vegetation, community structure, wildlife, water system survey were measured the primary plans for reflecting unique natural environment level of site. As a result, it is necessary to conserve the land in fallow type of wetland, good conservative condition of deciduous forest, wetlanded watercourse for amphibia and reptiles crossing. However, the plan of filtration plant was destroyed wetland(sound ecosystem), natural forest, asian toad spawning area. According to the result of it schemed to build alternative wetland and spawning area, plan to healthy ecosystem and surface soil transplantation as compensation plan. The alternative wetland and spawning area are not only created a various water levels like depth of water is $0{\sim}30cm,\;30{\sim}60cm$, more than 1.5m but also it leads to asian toad spawning and wildlife inhabitant. Moreover, the ecosystem and surface soil transplantation be applied to use the Quercus acutissima forest resources(114 upper trees, 71 canopy trees, 401 shrubs) and surface soil$(5,072m^3)$ in ecology creation sets.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.591-597
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• 2013

The input emergy of an advanced treatment plant for reducing the 1 kg of TN and TP was estimated 4.14E+14 sej/kg, 5.02E+15 sej/kg, respectively. In addition, the input emergy of constructed wetland for reduction of the 1 kg of TN and TP reduction was estimated to be 2.48E+14 sej/kg, 3.38E+15 sej/kg, respectively. The cost reducing 1 kg of TN and TP for an advanced treatment plant was estimated 197,466 won and 2,388,739 won respectively and constructed wetland was estimated 117,976 won and 1,609,213 won respectively. As a result, All of the emergy source of constructed wetland for reducing non-point source is renewable resource. If we use the constructed wetland, it results in enhancing economic value by reducing of non-point pollution, controlling a flood and providing the habitat of animals or plants. Improving water quality program in the Nakdong River Basin should be changed into an ecological treatment facilities from expansion of the sewage treatment facilities and advanced treatment plant using high cost and non-renewable energies.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.466-476
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• 2016

Dredging is inevitably necessary for the management of water infrastructure such as waterways and polluted bottom sediment. Dredged material management options may be offshore dumping, wetland creation, beach nourishment and various other engineering uses depending on the given circumstances at the time of dredging. Among those options, wetland creation and beach nourishment are the preferred ones in Korea considering significant loss of wetland and beach erosion due to various development projects along the coastal region. In order to use dredged material beneficially, however, dredged material needs to be assessed its suitability with respect to its engineering purpose and environmental criteria. In this paper, we demonstrate that environmental risk of dredged material to be introduced into the marine environment can be easily assessed using biomarkers with relative low cost. Biomarkers can also compliment pollutant contents analysis that may not be specific to their impact on biological response. Biomarker information may be used to assist decision making process in selecting suitable treatment or beneficial use options for dredged materials.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.933-940
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• 2020

Land-use change matrix data is important for calculating the LULUCF (land use, land use change and forestry) sector of the national greenhouse gas inventory. In this study, land cover changes in 2004 and 2019 were compared using the Wall-to-Wall technique with a land cover map of Sejong City from the Ministry of Environment. Sejong City was classified into six land use classes according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines: Forest land, crop land, grassland, wetland, settlement and other land. The coordinate system of the land cover maps of 2004 and 2019 were harmonized and the land use was reclassified. The results indicate that during the 15 years from 2004 to 2019 forestlands and croplands decreased from 50.4% (234.2 ㎢) and 34.6% (161.0 ㎢) to 43.4% (201.7 ㎢) and 20.7% (96.2 ㎢), respectively, while Settlement and Other land area increased significantly from 8.9% (41.1 ㎢) and 1.4% (6.9 ㎢) to 35.6% (119.0 ㎢) and 6.5% (30.3 ㎢). 79.㎢ of cropland area (96.2 ㎢) in 2019 was maintained as cropland, and 8.8 ㎢, 1.7 ㎢, 0.5 ㎢, 5.4 ㎢, and 0.4 ㎢ were converted from forestland, grassland, wetland, and settlement, respectively. This research, however, is subject to several limitations. The uncertainty of the land use change matrix when using the wall-to-wall technique depends on the accuracy of the utilized land cover map. Also, the land cover maps have different resolutions and different classification criteria for each production period. Despite these limitations, creating a land use change matrix using the Wall-to-Wall technique with a Land cover map has great advantages of saving time and money.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.2 no.1 s.4
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• pp.127-134
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• 2002

The cut river is widely used for the agricultural and housing purposes in Korea and this study is to evaluate the economic value of the cut river. Say, the study is to evaluate and compare the economic values for the cases of which the cut river can be used as the agricultural or housing site and a wetland or recreational site. The study area is the downstream part of Kok-Neung stream which is a main tributary of Han River. For the case of assuming the cut river is used as the agricultural purpose, the value is estimated from the Agricultural & Forestry Statistical Yearbook 2000. For the case of assuming the cut river is used as a wetland or recreational site, the value for a wetland or recreation is estimated by the enquete using questionnaire. That is to say, the results of enquete is used for the estimation of a recreational value by the Travel Cost Method (TCM) and the aesthetical value is estimated by the enquete based on the presumed value in USA. As a results, for the case of which the cut river is used as an agricultural purpose, the equal-payment-series is estimated as 7.06 million won. For wetland purpose, the series is estimated as 1931.40 million won and for the recreational purpose, the series is as 6284.86 million won. The aesthetical value is estimated as 140 thousand won per annum. Therefore, the wetland or recreational use of the cut river is more valuable than agricultural or housing purpose.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.78-89
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• 2024

Estuarine provides unique environmental conditions in terms of salinity concentration and sediment change patterns as freshwater and seawater mix. These conditions allow it to possess biodiversity that cannot be found in other ecosystems. This study was conducted to investigate and analyze distribution characteristics and biota of vegetation in the Gonyangcheon Estuarine Wetland, a brackish area, to prepare basic data for the conservation and sustainable use of estuarine wetlands. The vegetation in the Gonyangcheon Estuarine Wetland was classified into 23 plant communities across a total of six physiognomic vegetation types, including lentic herbaceous vegetation, lotic herbaceous vegetation, salt marsh vegetation, segetal vegetation, and substitutional vegetation. In particular, the Zoysia sinica community was widely distributed in the lower reaches, showing typical characteristics of tidal wetland and increasing its conservation value. From a biodiversity perspective, a total of 1,067 species were identified (an increase of 53 species compared to 2012) and 15 species of endangered wildlife were identified. Gonyangcheon Estuarine Wetland is an open estuary with excellent ecological connectivity. Various topography and landscapes such as rice paddies, forests, and salt marshes were organically developed and distributed, playing a positive role in promoting biodiversity, including brackish water organisms. Therefore, systematic conservation of the Gonyangcheon Estuarine Wetland will contribute to protecting migration routes of organisms and promoting ecological stability by securing a wetland ecological axis connected to the coast.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2011

The use of land cover was sharply changed during 1975~2007 in the Kyungan watershed $(561.12 km^2)$. The changes occurred over an area of more than $227.65 km^2$ during the overall period at changing rates of 1.04% per year for water area, 1.79% per year for residential area, 2.99% per year for bare area, 3.03% per year for wetland area, 3.04% per year for grass area, 0.87% per year for forest and 2.32% per year for agriculture area. Water, residential, bare and wetland areas increased, while grass, forest and agriculture areas decreased during the last 32 years. BOD concentrations of representative sites for each sub-watershed continuously increased until the early 2000s as residential area increased with the highest discharged load, but decreased after the mid 2000s except upper Kyungan watershed. Such decline appears to be associated with the planning of Total Maximum Daily Load management for Gwangju city and expansion of waste water treatment plant. It is necessary to control land use/cover changes of the upper watershed and to prepare appropriate watershed management system for improvement in river environment including water quality, stream flow and bio-diversity.