• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2006

House dust mites play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Many factors may influence mite growth. The presence of mites is related to mean temperature and humidity as well as altitude. The aim of this study was to analyze the mite fauna in 5 regions of western Anatolia, Turkey, that have similar climatic properties with low mean temperature and humidity, but differ in altitude. During the period October-November 2004, house dust was collected from 290 homes in 5 different cities. House dust mites were isolated in 67 (23.1 %) of 290 samples. The family Pyroglyphidae (Astigmata) was present in all positive samples. This study suggests that the selected western Anatolian regions that share similar environmental conditions host similar dust mite populations.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 1994

This result of the study on the costume of Osman Turkey are as following. 1. Empire of Osman Turkey(129∼1922) exerted an almost limites impact and influence on Europe and Asia during their regime 600 years. The distant ancestors of the Osman Turks were nomadic peoples, who wandered I tribal groups through the Central Asia. Therefore their costumes were based on nomadic culture. They had trade with West and East were influenced by Hellenism and Byzantium and grew, to a strong Islamic political power polygamy with which influence their clothing along with other culture. 2. Topkapi Saray was one of he principal residences of the Osman sultans and his court. Late 17 century, Topkapi Saray found many of kaftans of Osman Turks Empires of 14∼17 centuries. Otherwise we studied by the minatures of 16∼17 centuries, Since the Topkapi Saray became a museum in 1924, a program of careful restoration has made it possible to some pars of it to the public, after centuries neglection. 3. Osman Turkey Empire had important role in between West and East(silk-road). Economic, commercial, social and political factor of Turkey led to a development in the art of weaving (kema, kadife, catman, seraser, zerbeft, hatayi, kntnu, atlas)parallel to the rise and development of the Osman Turkey Empire itself, one which raised the art to a level attained nowwhere else in the world. Fabrics woven from gold and silver thread occupied a very important place in the court life of the time. This was due as much to their symbolic as to their material value, reflecting as they did the power, glory and magnificence of the Empire. 4. In order to study Eastern or Western history of costume one must study Turkey history of costume in advance. Also there is a great need of comparison to study of western, central and north eastern area history of costume.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3705-3709
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• 2013

Background: To investigate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to analyze any relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Materials and Methods: EGFR gene exons 18-21 in 48 specimens of paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from NSCLC patients were amplified by PCR, followed by direct sequencing and analysis of links to clinicopathological features and prognosis. Results: EGFR mutations were detected in 18 of 48 (42.6%) patients with NSCLC. There were 9 cases of mutations in exon 20, 7 in exon 19 and 2 in exon 21. Mutations were more frequently observed in women (5/7 pts, 71.4%) than in men (13/41 pts, 31.7%) (p=0.086) and in non-smokers (5/5 pts, 100%) than smokers (13/43 pts, 30.2%). There was negative correlation of EGFR mutations with smoking status (p=0.005). EGFR mutations were more frequently observed with adenocarcinoma histology (13/32 pts, 40.6%) than in other types (5/16 pts, 31.3%) (p=0.527). The patients with EGFR mutations had better survival than those with wild-type EGFR (p=0.08). There was no association of EGFR mutations with metastatic spread. Conclusions: EGFR mutations in NSCLC were here demonstrated more frequently in females, non-smokers and adenocarcinoma histology in the western region of Turkey. Patients with EGFR mutations have a better prognosis.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.535-558
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• 2008

This study evaluates seismic performance of the school buildings with the selected template designs in Turkey considering nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete components. Six school buildings with template designs were selected to represent major percentage of school buildings in medium-size cities located in high seismic region of Turkey. Selection of template designed buildings and material properties were based on field investigation on government owned school buildings in several cities in western part of Turkey. Capacity curves of investigated buildings were determined by pushover analyses conducted in two principal directions. The inelastic dynamic characteristics were represented by equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems and their seismic displacement demands were calculated under selected ground motions. Seismic performance evaluation was carried out in accordance with recently published Turkish Earthquake Code that has similarities with FEMA-356 guidelines. Reasons of building damages in past earthquakes are examined using the results of performance assessment of investigated buildings. The effects of material quality on seismic performance of school buildings were investigated. The detailed examination of capacity curves and performance evaluation identified deficiencies and possible solutions for template designs.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.389-399
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• 2013

This study focuses a comparison of Korean and Western Furniture culture on traditional cupboard terms to make the people understand and distinguish the form of the various Korean and Western cupboard made by the craftsmanship before the industrial Revolution. As the result, the Korean cupboard shows Kangwon Chanjang/cupboard, Gyeonggi Chanjang/cupboard by the local name, dwiju Chanjang/cupboard, three-tiered Chanjang/cupboard, four-tired Chanjang/cupboard, two-tiered Chantak/cupboard, three-tiered Chantak/cupboard in the terms of the form. Korean cupboards are called Chanjang and Chantak. The Western cupboard shows cupboard, buffet, livery cupboard, cupboard-bed, corner cupboard, court cupboard, turkey-breast cupboard, pot cupboard, press, press cupboard, hall cupboard, sideboard, hunt sideboard, huntboard, cabinet, corner cabinet, writing cabinet, art cabinet, china cabinet, dresser, safe, meat safe, wall closet, wall cupboard, hanging corner cupboard, food cupboard in the terms of the various forms.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6065-6068
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• 2013

Background: Primary aim of this study is to assess whether or not there is an increase at rate of HPV positive oropharyngeal cancers during 1996-2011 in Turkey, for comparison with prior reports from Western countries. Materials and Methods: A total of 138 newly diagnosed patients with oropharyngeal cancer were identified, 39 of which had no primary tumor specimen available and 18 patients with invalid HPV status, therefore HPV status for remaining 81 patients was evaluated. The presence and type of HPV DNA were determined with formalin-fixed paraffin embedded specimens, using an HPV DNA-based multiplex PCR assay. Associations between HPV status and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated using a two-sample t-test for the continuous variables and the categorical variables were compared by chi-square test. Overall survival (OS) periods were calculated with Kaplan-Meier method. Results: The proportion of HPV-positive cancer has continued to increase during 2004-2011 as compared with 1996-2003. Notably, 33% (6/18) of the cases were HPV-positive in 1996-1999, 43% (9/21) in 2000-2003, 55% (11/20) in 2004-2007 and 70% (16/23) in 2008-2011. Thus, when we compared the results obtained during the 2004-2011with results of 1996-2003 period, we found that increase at HPV-positivity ratio was statistically significant (38% vs 64% p=0.012). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that HPV positive oropharyngeal cancers are increasing in Turkish patients as in the Western world.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2011

Field surveys were conducted in 45 stone fruit orchards in seven districts of Isparta Province located in western Mediterranean region of Turkey important for stone fruit production. Leaf samples were collected from 175 trees showing virus-like symptoms. These samples were first tested by ELISA for five different RNA viruses including Apple mosaic ilarvirus (ApMV), Prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus (PNRSV), Prune dwarf ilarvirus (PDV), Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), Apple chlorotic leafspot trichovirus (ACLSV). While no ApMV and PPV infection was found, 46, 24 and 16 samples were tested positive for PDV, ACLSV and PNRSV, respectively, in ELISA showing about 45% of symptomatic trees in the region were infected with at least one of these viruses. In addition, it was found that nine sweet cherry trees were mixed infected with two or three of these viruses and PDV with an infection rate of 26.3% was the most widespread virus in symptomatic trees in western Mediterranean region. Thirty samples were selected and tested by a multiplex RT-PCR (mRT-PCR) for simultaneous detection of these viruses. While PPV was not detected, more than half of the tested 20 samples were individually or mixed infected with ApMV, ACLSV, PNRSV and PDV. The mRT-PCR results were confirmed by detection of these viruses individually in some of the field samples using RT-PCR with primes specific to each virus. Comparison of ELSA and mRT-PCR results of 30 samples showed that numbers of infected and mixed infected samples as well as infection and mixed infection rates were significantly higher in RT-PCR (20 and 66.7%) than in ELISA (14 and 46.7%). The results confirm that mRT-PCR is more sensitive than ELISA.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.533-537
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• 2013

Background: Malignant melanoma is a cancer that demonstrates rapid progression and atypical clinically features with a poor prognosis. Aim: This study was performed to determine the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with malignant melanoma in Turkey. Methods: The medical records of 98 patients between 2007-2012 at our centers were retrieved from the patient registry. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: In our study, with the median follow-up of all patients with cutaneous MM of 46.3 months, the median OS rate of all cases was 43.6 months and 5-year OS was 48.6%. However, five-year OS rates of patients with localized disease (stage I-II) and node involvement (stage III) were 60.3% and 39.6%, respectively. The median OS of stage IV patients was 8.7 months and 1-year OS rate was 26.2%. We showed that advanced stage, male gender, and advanced age in all patients with MM were significant prognostic factors of OS. Conclusions: Compared with the results of current studies from Western countries, we found similar findings concerning demographical features, histological variables and survival analyses for our patients with cutaneous MM in Turkey.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 1973

1967년 3월과 8월 쿠로시오 국제 합동조사의 일환으로 채집한 부유생물 시료로서 동물성 부유생물의 양적분포, 특히 35군에 대한 개체수출현조성을 고찰하였다. 1. 현존량(습중량, mg/㎥)은 해역별 및 시기별로 각기 농도를 달리하고 있다. 3월은 동해남부해역이 30-400mg/㎥, 평균 130mg/㎥로서 가장 풍부한 곳이며 제주도 서방과 서해측은 대부분 50mg/㎥이하로서 농도가 가장 빈약하였다. 8월은 3월과 대조적으로 제주도 서남방 및 서해측과 남해 연안측이 20-1,060mg/㎥, 평균 약 130mg/㎥로서 가장 생산성이 높은 해역이나 동해쪽은 비교적 희소한 편이었다. 소라도 근해는 전기간 풍부하고 서해측은 3월은 연안에 8월은 외양이 더욱 풍부했고 난류주류역은 희소한 편이었다. 2. 35개군의 개체수 출현상황은 해역별 및 시기별 농도가 습중량의 것과 비슷한 경향임을 알수 있다. 3월은 동해남부 해역이 230-1,240mg/㎥, 평균 750mg/㎥로서 가장 풍부한 곳이며, 제주도 서방 및 서해역은 평균 200mg/㎥ 정도로서 희소한 곳이었다. 8월은 난류 주류역을 제외한 남해연안측과 제주도 서남방이 140-3,180mg/㎥, 평균 약 850mg/㎥로서 가장 생산성이 높은 곳이며, 동해측은 약 500mg/㎥로서 빈약한 편이었다. 3. 주요군별 개체수의 출현조성은 요각류가 3월에 69%, 8월에 58% 차지하는 지배적인 군이며, 다른군들은 해역별 시기별로 조성률의 순위가 다소 상이하나 대체로 3월은 유우파우시아류, 관해파리류, 모악류, 미충류 순이고 8월은 모악류, 지각류, 미충류, 유우파우시아류, 관해파리류 순으로 조성되어 있다. 해역별 조성상의 큰차이를 볼 수 있는 곳은 서해오 ㅏ동해남부 해역으로서 전자는 타 해역에서 압도적인 요각류가 8월에 42%정도 뿐이고 반면 지각류와 모악류가 특히 농밀히 조성되어 있으며 후자는 관해파리와 유우파우시아류가 많았다.의 압축강와 흡수율과의 관계는 후라이애쉬를 제외하면 다른 재령에서와 같이 흡수율이 적을수록 압축강도는 증가되며 회기직선관계가 성립되었다. 그러나 후라이애쉬는 장기강도에서 그 특징이 현저히 나타나고 있어 다른 콘크리트의 흡수율에 비하여 현저히 높은 강도를 나타내고 있다. (7) 부식율에 있어서는 1년간 해수작용을 받었을 때 각 콘크리트의 유의적인 부식율이 인정될 수 없으며 외관상에서도 부식현상을 식별할 수 없었다.대에 따라 3개의 유형으로 나눌 수 있으며 총 개의 유형으로 분류하였다. 이런 분류의 토대위에 향후 필요분야마다 구분이 가능한 기후특성을 포함시킨다면 최종적으로는 모든 것이 해설될 수 있는 유역군으로 만들 수 있을 것이다. 즉, 토양특징, 농업특징, 기후특징에 비점오염가능성 등 토지이용상 문제점등을 포괄한다면 다양한 자연현상을 기술할 수 있는 효과적인 유역군이 될 것이다. 별변화가 없으나 황색종, Turker종 및 재래종은 파기가 늦어짐에 따라 낮아지고 이는 파종기에 따른 엽장과 엽폭의 신전율이 종류에 따라 차가 있기 때문이다. 9. 품질은 Turkey종이 가장 높고 황색종 음건종, 재래종의 순이고 또 황색종은 2-3파기 Turkey종은 1파기, 음건종은 3파기의 것이 가장 양질이였으나 재래종은 파기에 따른 변동이 별로 없었다. 그러므로 질과 양을 함께 고려하면 황색종 및 음건종은 3파기가 적기이고 재래종은 3-4파기이나 향끽미료인 Turkey종은 질에 중점을 둔다면 1-2파기가 파기적기라고 볼수 있다. 일반적으로 품질은 책장조직의 발달이 좋고 세포간극률이 낮으며 세엽형인 것이 양질로 판정되나 종류에 따라 차가 있다. 10. 전알카로이드는 Turkey종이 낮고 황색종, 음건종, 재래종의 순으로 높다. 향끽미용인 Turkey종 및 황색종은 파기가 지연됨에 따라 증가하나 음건종 및 재래종은 감소된다. 이에 수반하여 함질화합물도 Turkey종이 가장 적고 다음이 황색종,

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

Research on the influence of foreign culture influx on fashion has a significant meaning as a reference for predicting future fashion trends affected by globalization. Therefore, this study examined the transformations in Turkish costume in the 13th to 18th century when Turkey was most thriving in history. As the Ottoman Turk Empire expanded its territory, its costume changed by embracing both western and Islamic cultures and presented exotic styles in terms of fabric, pattern, color, design and details.