• 제목/요약/키워드: Weight-loss rate

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Mulching Methods and Removing Dates of Mulch Affects Growth and Post Harvest Quality of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) cv. Uiseong

  • Kwon, Kwon-Seok;Azad, Md. Obyedul Kalam;Hwang, Jae-Moon
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.293-297
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    • 2011
  • This experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of mulching materials and removing time of the transparent polyethylene (PE) film on the growth of garlic at Uiseong experimental field, Korea. The experimental mulching materials comprised of transparent polyethylene film (0.025 mm) and net polyethylene (NPE). Plant height and leaf number of garlic were highest at PE treatment when the PE removing date was March 18 and this treatment also promoted the no. of cloves. Length of leaf sheath and bolting rate were highest and bulb weight loss rate was lowest at PE + NPE treatment when the PE removing date was March 18. But clove number was the lowest in this treatment compared to conventional PE film treatment. Conventional mulching method accelerated secondary growth rate but bulb weight loss was vice versa. There were statistically no differences in bulb diameter among treatments but conventional treatment positively focused on bulb diameter. Whenever PE film remove can suppress weeds compared to no mulching treatment but the dry weight of weeds were increasing trends as the removal dates of PE film were delayed. Transparent PE or PE + NPE treatments can be recommended to grow best quality garlic when PE film removing date is March 18.

동결융해시험에 의한 사암 및 안산암의 풍화특성 평가 (Estimation of Weathering Characteristics of Sandstone and Andesite by Freeze-Thaw Test)

  • 강성승;김종인;오바라 유조;히라타 아츠오
    • 터널과지하공간
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.145-150
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    • 2011
  • 사암과 안산암에 대한 풍화특성을 살펴보기 위하여 동결융해 반복시험을 실시한 후, 두 암석에 대한 중량 감소율, 탄성파속도, 일축압축강도 등의 물성 변화를 측정하였다. 중량 변화의 경우 두 암석 모두에서 동결 융해 반복 횟수가 증가함에 중량이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 특히 안산암에서는 중량 감소 경향이 시험편에 따라 매우 불규칙하게 나타났다. 탄성파속도 변화에 있어서 사암은 5%이상의 감소 경향을 보였으며, 안산암은 동결융해 반복시험 500 사이클까지 탄성파속도 변화가 거의 없다가 1000 사이클부터 5%이상의 감소 현상을 보였다. 이것은 안산암이 비교적 풍화에 강한 암석인 반면, 사암은 풍화받기 쉬운 암석인 것을 의미한다. 또한 안산암의 탄성파속도 변화 양상은 안산암의 중량 변화와 일치한다. 사암의 일축압축시험 결과에서 일축압축강도는 동결융해 반복시험 초기 사이클 구간에서 미미한 강도저하를 보이다 64 사이클부터는 불규칙한 경향을 나타냈다. 결과적으로, 중량 감소가 적은 암석 시험편일수록 강도저하율도 작게 나타났다.

공업용수배관의 캐비테이션-침식특성에 관한 연구 ( 1 ) ( Study on the Charactistics of Cavitation Erosion for Industrial Water Piping ( 1 ) )

  • 김윤곤
    • 수산해양기술연구
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.312-319
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    • 1994
  • Recently, with the rapid development in the industries such as an iron mill and chemical plants, there is enlarged by the use of the piping. Sepecially, the piping connected with a fluid, if it is increase the speed of running fluid, ought to generate cavitation phenomenon with unbalanced pressure. So, the cavitation phenomenon cause serious damage of the piping, because it generate erosion and corrosion in the piping. In this study, the steel pipe piping water (SPPW) and SPPW on weldment were tested by using of cavitation-erosion test apparatus with nozzle and were investigated under the marine environment of liquid. (specific resistance : 25 $Omega$. cm) The main results obtained are as follows : 1) The total weight loss and weight loss rate of affected zone of weldment by corrosion-erosion in the sea water are more increased than that of base metal. 2) The electrode potential by corrosion-erosion in the sea water becomes less noble than that of base metal, and current density is more increased. 3) As time goes by, the total weight loss and weight loss rate by cavitation erosion-corrosion in air-liquid 2 phase flow become more increased then those in only liquid solution. but these values turn to be decreased.

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Effect of Welding Processes on Corrosion Resistance of UNS S31803 Duplex Stainless Steel

  • Chiu, Liu-Ho;Hsieh, Wen-Chin
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.36-40
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    • 2003
  • An attractive combination of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties in the temperature range -50 to $250^{\circ}C$ is offered by duplex stainless steel. However, undesirable secondary precipitation phase such as $\sigma$, $\gamma_2$ and $Cr_2N$ may taken place at the cooling stage from the welding processes. Therefore, this paper describes the influence of different welding procedures such as manual metal arc welding (MMA), tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) and vacuum brazing on corrosion resistance of the welded joint for UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel. Microstructure and chemical compositions of the welded joint were examined. The weight loss of specimens immersed in 6% $FeCl_3$ solution at $47.5^{\circ}C$ for 24-hours was determined and used to evaluate the pitting resistance of duplex stainless steel and their welds. The region of heat-affected zone of specimen obtained by the MMA is much wider than that resulted from TIG, therefore, the weight loss of welds by MMA was larger than that of weld by TIG. The weight loss of brazed specimens cooled from slow cooling rate was larger than those of specimens cooled from high cooling rate, because the precipitation of $\sigma$ phase. Beside that, the weight loss of brazed specimen is greater than those of the welded specimens. The galvanic corrosion was observed in brazed duplex stainless steel joints in the chloride solution.

해상용 원심펌프 임펠러의 침식억제법으로 음극방식 및 재료개발에 관한 기초연구(2) (Fundamental Study on Cathodic Protection and Material Development as Erosion-Control Methods of Oceanic Centrifugal Pump(2))

  • 이진열;임우조;오인호
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.92-92
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    • 1996
  • Recently, with the rapid development in the oceanic systems such as the oceanic structures and vessel, there occurs much interest in the impingement erosion-corrosion. In this paper, Cu-metal was tested by using of erosion apparatus with water-jet type and was investigated under the behaviour of impingement erosion-corrosion according to various environmental conditions, and the properties of Cu-metal were evaluated through the measurement by weight loss, weight loss rate, protective efficiency. The results were compared with those obtained using Cu-metal applied to cathodic protection and Cu-alloys added to Zn or Al-metal. As a basis of those results, the best protective efficiencies could be taken as using cathodic protection method and Cu-alloy with Al & Zn material addings, and will be suggested as the fundamental data of the anti-impingement erosion-corrosion on Cu-metal of impeller material for oceanic centrifugal pump.

해상용 원심펌프 임펠러의 침식억제법으로 음극방식 및 재료개발에 관한 기초연구 (2) (Fundamental Study on Cathodic Protection and Material Development as Erosion - Control Methods of Oceanic Centrifugal Pump(2))

  • 이진열;임우조;오인호
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.24-31
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    • 1996
  • Recently, with the rapid development in the oceanic systems such as the oceanic structures and vessel, there occurs much interest in the impingement erosion-corrosion. In this paper, Cu-metal was tested by using of erosion apparatus with water-jet type and was investigated under the behaviour of impingement erosion-corrosion according to various environmental conditions, and the properties of Cu-metal were evaluated through the measurement by weight loss, weight loss rate, protective efficiency. The results were compared with those obtained using Cu-metal applied to cathodic protection and Cu-alloys added to Zn or Al-metal. As a basis of those results, the best protective efficiencies could be taken as using cathodic protection method and Cu-alloy with Al & Zn material addings, and will be suggested as the fundamental data of the anti-impingement erosion-corrosion on Cu-metal of impeller material for oceanic centrifugal pump.

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가임여성의 비만도에 따른 체중조절 실태 및 식습관 (A Survey on Weight Control and Eating Behavior in Reproductive Women by BMI)

  • 이은정;김미현;김화영;조미숙
    • 한국식생활문화학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.172-180
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    • 2003
  • This study was performed to document the weight loss diet practice and dietary habit related to weight control in child-bearing Korean women. The subjects were 1,434 women aged 17-39 years. The subjects were classified into 3 groups based on BMI: low weight(LW) BMI < 18.5; normal weight(NW), 18.5 BMI 22.9; and overweight(OW), 23.0 BMI. Anthropometric, general characteristics, weight control practice, and the quality of diet were assessed by a questionnaire. LW group had higher rate of smoking and drinking. They also complained more subjective symptom of anemia and used less nutritional supplementation. Weight loss diet had been practiced by about 40% of subjects and the percent was increased with increasing BMI. The reason of weight loss diet were significantly different by BMI groups(p<0.05); LW to keep body in shape, OW for health. Low BMI group had experienced more side effects after weight loss diet(p<0.05). LW group usually used inappropriate method to control weight such as skipping meals and some of OW group reported using drug to lose weight. All subjects have been skipped their meals of 3.9 times per week, especially 4.3 times in LW group. By mini dietary assessment, most of the subjects did not have regular meals. LW group tended to eat what they like and OW group preferred fried food. This study showed that child-bearing aged women make a ceaseless effort apart from their weight, and LW group have a matter of grave concern because of their dietary habit and weight control practice. Additional research should be necessary to assess the relation of health and weight loss diet in young women.

In-hospital malnutrition among adult patients in a national referral hospital in Indonesia

  • Dyah Purnamasari;Nur Chandra Bunawan;Dwi Suseno;Ikhwan Rinaldi;Drupadi HS Dillon
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.218-227
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    • 2023
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Malnutrition during hospitalization is linked to increased morbidity and mortality, but there are insufficient studies observing clinical factors contributing to weight loss during hospitalization in Indonesia. This study was therefore undertaken to determine the rate of weight loss during hospitalization and the contributing factors. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This was a prospective study involving hospitalized adult patients aged 18-59 yrs, conducted between July and September 2019. Body weight measurement was taken at the time of admission and on the last day of hospitalization. The factors studied were malnutrition at admission (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2), immobilization, depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II Indonesia), polypharmacy, inflammatory status (neutrophil-lymphocytes ratio; NLR), comorbidity status (Charlson Comorbidity Index; CCI), and length of stay. RESULTS: Totally, 55 patients were included in the final analysis, with a median age of 39 (18-59 yrs) yrs. Of these, 27% had malnutrition at admission, 31% had a CCI score > 2, and 26% had an NLR value of ≥ 9. In all, 62% presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, and depression was documented in one-third of the subjects at admission. Overall, we recorded a mean weight loss of 0.41 kg (P = 0.038) during hospitalization, with significant weight loss observed among patients hospitalized for 7 days or more (P = 0.009). The bivariate analysis revealed that inflammatory status (P = 0.016) was associated with in-hospital weight loss, while the multivariate analysis determined that the contributing factors were length of stay (P < 0.001) and depression (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: We found that inflammatory status of the patient might influence the incidence of weight loss during hospitalization, while depression and length of stay were independent predictors of weight loss during hospitalization.

Weight loss effect through traditional Korean instruments

  • Lee, Jin Soo
    • 셀메드
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.22.1-22.5
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    • 2018
  • Most modern adults are overweight or obese. Health services are troubling to overcome the large number of individuals in need of weight loss. Music therapy is emerging as a new option. Among various music therapy methods, it studied various treatments through Korean traditional music, and it is thought that Korean traditional music is a good therapy for diet. The present review focused on find the most useful condition for weight control by using Korean traditional music. National Center for Korean Traditional Performing Arts measured the dB of Korean traditional music, In the next, listen to other dB's music while eating and compared energy intake, water intake, duration of meals, number of servings, number of bites, eating rate (bites per minute), and bite size (grams). As a result of the exhibits, differences in food intake were also found in the difference of dB. 60 dB of music showed a decrease in energy intake. It suggests that Korean traditional music belonging to 60 dB brings weight loss effect. As a result, the effect of weight loss is shown by use Korean traditional music. However, future studies should be performed to reduce the energy intake by increasing the exposure period to Korean traditional music

고 Cr 주철계 육성용접부의 연삭(abrasion)마모 특성에 대한 연구 (Abrasive wear characteristics of high Cr cast iron hardfacing)

  • 이형근
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.154-165
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    • 1997
  • Abrasive wear characteristics of high Cr white cast iron-based hardfacing were investigated using the rubber wheel abrasion wear test method according with the ASTM G65-85. Mild steel was also tested for comparison with high Cr cast iron hardfacing. Wear experiments, where the applied force, wheel revolution rate and abrasive powder feed rate were selected as test valuables, were planned and analyzed by response surface method to evaluate wear statistically and quantitatively. Weight loss of high Cr cast iron hardfacing was mostly affected by the applied force and wheel revolution rate, and little by the powder feed rate. Weight loss of mild steel was greatly affected by the wheel revolution rate and powder feed rate, and slowly and steadily increased with the applied force. Abrasive wear mechanism of high Cr cast iron and mild steel was discussed in the light of the wear test results.

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