• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.865-870
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• 2008

운동과 식이요법을 병행한 체중감량 프로그램에 참여한 여성 비만인의 체지방량, 안정시대사량, 그리고 갑상선 호르몬 차이를 비교할 목적으로 실험한 결과, 체지방량, 체지방율, 체표면적이 유의하게 감소되었고, 안정시대사량 예측치와 실측치 모두 유의하게 감소되었지만, 갑상선 호르몬의 변화는 나타나지 않았다. 안정시대사량과 신체요인들과의 상관분석 결과, 제지방 체충이 가장 밀접한 관계를 보였으며, 안정시대사량과 갑상선 호르몬들과의 관계에서는 TSH와 가장 밀접한 관계를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 8주간 체중감량 프로그램 참여로 체지방은 효과적으로 감소되었으나, 갑상선 호르몬 차이는 없었고 체중감소에 비해 제지방이 유지됨으로써 안정시대사량의 감소는 최소화되어, 에너지 대사작용에 긍정적인 영향을 준 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.674-683
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the obesity and weight control prevalence according to the gender and weight control attempt among middle school students in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, Korea. The mean age of subjects were 14.4 years old. The mean height, weight and BMI value of boy students were 164.0 cm, 53.0 kg, and $19.7kg/m^2$, respectively, and the mean height, weight and BMI value of girl students were 159.4 cm, 49.8kg, and $19.6kg/m^2$, respectively. Both weight and BMI value of the weight loss attempt groups were significantly heavier and higher than those of the other groups (p < 0.01). In the perception on the body image, the girls perceived themselves to be more fat compared to boys, and the weight loss attempt group perceived their body image to be more fat compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). As for the interest degree of weight control, the interest degree of girls was higher than that of boys (p < 0.01). According to weight control attempt, in the order of the weight loss attempt group, the weight gain attempt group and the no weight control attempt group, the interest degree was significantly higher (p < 0.001). In the frequency and hours of exercise, there was significant difference by gender (p < 0.001). According to weight control attempt, the weight gain attempt group exercised more frequently than the other attempt groups (p < 0.01).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.629-634
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• 1992

Seventeen Japanese Black steers were used to evaluate the influence of slaughter weight (550 kg, 600 kg or 650 kg), sire (two sires), concentrate feeding (barley or corn) and muscle (six muscles) on the following characteristics: pH value, cooking loss, shear value, moisture and crude fat contents. Crude fat contents were higher, and moisture content and shear values were lower in muscles from the large slaughter weight group 650 kg than those from other slaughter weight groups. Cooking loss, shear value, moisture and crude fat contents differed between sires. Corn feeding increased crude fat content in muscle compared to barley feeding. Muscles containing a large amount of intramuscular fat showed lower shear values and less cooking loss than those containing a small amount of intramuscular fat.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1865-1873
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• 2007

An experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) and lysine on carcass characteristics and meat quality in Arbor Acres (AA) broilers from 1 to 56 days of age. A total of 2,970 1-d-old male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to nine dietary treatments (three ME levels in combination with three lysine levels), and dietary ME and lysine concentrations were formulated by varying corn, soybean meal, tallow, and L-lysine sulfate concentrations. Live body weight (BW), carcass weight (CW), dressing percent, breast muscle weight (BMW), yield of breast muscle, muscle color (CIE L*, a*, and b*), pH values 45 min and 24 h postmortem ($pH_{45}$, and $pH_{24}$), meat shear force value (SFV), and water loss rate (WLR) were evaluated. Results showed that live body weight and dressing percent increased (p<0.05) as dietary energy increased. Higher dietary lysine content improved breast muscle weight. Neither carcass weight nor yield of breast muscle was affected by dietary energy or lysine content. Higher ME increased the b* value (p = 0.067) and $pH_{24}$ value (p<0.05), whereas it decreased SFV (p<0.05) and WLR (p = 0.06). Only water loss rate was influenced (p<0.01) by dietary lysine, which was higher in broilers from the high lysine diet as compared to those from medium or low lysine diets. The $pH_{45}$ value and L* value of breast muscle were not affected by ME or lysine. Significant interaction of dietary ME and lysine was found on a* value of breast muscle. These results indicated that dietary ME and lysine had important effects on breast muscle growth and meat quality, however their effects were different. Different concentrations of dietary ME and lysine might be considered to improve meat quality.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.516-521
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• 2004

본 연구는 재배되고 있는 벼 품종들의 볏짚 사료가치를 구명하고 이에 관련되는 형질을 검토하고자 수행하였다. 볏짚은 질이 낮은 조사료이므로 사료가치 평가를 볏짚수량, 조단백질함량, ADF 및 NDF 함량을 지표로 한 표준화점수, RFV 및 군집분석에 의하여 수행하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 볏짚수량은 대안벼가 725.9 kg/10a로 가장 높았고, 금남 벼, 동진 벼 1호, 추청 벼 순으로 높았다. 조단백질함량은 다산벼가 $5.35\%$로 가장 높았다. 2. ADF는 중화 벼가 $34.3\%$로 가장 낮았으며, NDF는 소백벼가 $63.8\%$로 가장 낮았다. 3. 표준화합산점수, RFV 및 군집분석에 의하여 사료가치를 평가한 결과 둔내벼, 오봉벼, 서안벼, 금오벼, 화성벼, 농안벼, 계화벼가 사료가치가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 4. 조단백질함량과 관련된 형질은 엽건물중과 종실건물중이 정의 관계였고, ADF 및 NDF와 관련된 형질은 파종후부터 출수일 까지의 일수, 간장, 엽건물중이 정의 관계였고, 줄기의 건물중이 부의 관계로 나타나 줄기의 건물중이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향이었다. 5.표준화점수 및 RFV의 사료가치와 관련된 분석에서 줄기 건물중 만이 정의 관계를 보이고, 나머지 형질들은 부의 관계를 보여, 볏짚의 사료가치는 줄기의 비율이 높아 소화율을 증가시키는 품종이 높음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 1979

제조담배의 중량을 엽배합 표준과 잎담배의 팽숭성, 제품제제 그리고 외관품질을 인자로 계산하였다. 계산에 의해 새로이 정한 제품의 중량은 tobacco rod가 60mm인 제품이 760mg으로서 현재의 표준중량 790mg∼830mg보다 5.1 %∼6.8%가 적었으며, 64mm 제품은 820mg으로서 870mg∼900mg보다 5.9%∼9.1%를 줄일 수 있고 56mm 제품은 720mg으로서 770mg∼ 780mg에 비하여 6.9%∼8.6%가적은 값으로서 지금의 제품담배의 중략보다 5∼ 9%를 줄일 수 있음을 보여 주고 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1452-1458
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• 2004

An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of sex and market weight on performance, carcass characteristics and pork quality. A total of 224 crossbred pigs (initially 26.64 kg BW) were allotted in a $2{\times}4$ factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block (RCB) design. The variables were sex (gilts and barrows) and different market weights (100, 110, 120 and 130 kg). Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were significantly higher (p<0.01) in barrows than gilts, ADFI and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased as body weight increased (p<0.05). Gender differences were observed in carcass characteristics. Backfat thickness and drip loss were greater in barrows (p<0.01), while loin eye area (p<0.01), flavor score (p<0.05) and lean content (p<0.001) were higher in gilts. Carcass grade and water holding capacity were the highest in 110 kg market weight pigs. The 100 kg arket weight pigs showed lower juiciness, tenderness, shear forces and total palatability than the other market weights (p<0.01). Hunter values (L*, a* and b*) were increased as market weight increased (p<0.05). Hunter a* value was greater in gilts (p<0.01) but L* value and b* value were not affected by sex of pigs. Net profit [(carcass weight${\times}$price by carcass grade)-(total feed cost+cost of purchased pig)] was higher in gilts than barrows (p<0.01), and was higher (p<0.05) in the pigs marketed at 110 and 120 kg market weight compared with 100 kg market weight. These results demonstrated that gilts showed higher carcass characteristics, pork quality, feed cost per kg body weight gain and net profit compared with barrows. Moreover, 110 or 120 kg body weight would be the recommended market weight based on pork quality and net profit for swine producers.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2003

본 논문은 중심 화소값과 인접 가해 성분값의 평균으로 축소 성분값을 산출함으로써 ZOD와 FOD의 장점을 적응적으로 반영한 디지털 영상 축소 알고리즘에 관한 것이다. 우선, 슬라이딩 윈도우의 중앙에 위치되는 중심 화소를 축소 성분값의 주성분으로 선택하고, 1차 미분 연산자를 이용하여 중심 화소의 우측 및 하측 인접 화소의 기울기의 크기를 각각 계산한다. 이후, 두 기울기의 크기를 합산한 결과로 각 기울기의 크기를 나누어 우측 및 하측 인접 화소 각각의 가해 가중치를 구한다. 다음으로, 각각의 가해 가중치를 우측 및 하측 인접 화소값에 곱한 후에 그 결과를 합산함으로써 인접 가해 성분값을 산출한다. 이렇게 구한 인접 가해 성분값과 중심 화소값을 평균하여 축소 성분값을 구하는 과정을 입력 영상의 모든 화소들에 반복적으로 수행함으로써 축소 영상을 얻을 수 있다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2011

The computer vision system was designed and constructed to measure the weight of a dairy cattle. Its development involved the functions of image capture, image preprocessing, image algorithm, and control integrated into one program. The experiments were conducted with the model dairy cattle and the real dairy cattle by two ways. First experiment with the model dairy cattle was conducted by using the indoor vision experimental system, which was built to measure the model dairy cattle in the laboratory. Second experiment with real dairy cattle was conducted by using the outdoor vision experimental system, which was built for measuring 229 heads of cows in the cattle facilities. This vision system proved to a reliable system by conducting their performance test with 15 heads of real cow in the cattle facilities. Indirect weight measuring with four methods were conducted by using the image processing system, which was the same system for measuring of body parameters. Error value of transform equation using chest girth was 30%. This error was seen as the cause of accumulated error by manually measurement. So it was not appropriate to estimate cow weight by using the transform equation, which was calculated from pixel values of the chest girth. Measurement of cow weight by multiple regression equation from top and side view images has relatively less error value, 5%. When cow weight was measured indirectly by image surface area from the pixel of top and side view images, maximum error value was 11.7%. When measured cow weight by image volume, maximum error weight was 57 kg. Generally, weight error was within 30 kg but maximum error 10.7%. Volume transform method, out of 4 measuring weight methods, was minimum error weight 21.8 kg.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.13-27
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• 1994

Litho printing ink vehicles based on rosin modified phenolic are faster drying, have better durability, are harder and glosser and have greater resistance to water than ones based on ester gums. Ink-Water balance and rheological properties are important in litho printing process. These physical properties is concerned with molecular weight of Resin to use vehicle. So this paper was studied about the effects of changing molecular weight of Rosin modified phenolic on surface tension, viscosity, pseudoplasticity and printablility of Litho Inks. The results were as follows. 1) The surface tension of model inks depended on the molecular weight of the resin : Dispersion componnent of ink increase but non dispersion component decrease as molecular weight of Resin increase. 2) Water pick-up of litho ink is more fast balance, using low molecular weight of Resin. 3) Viscosity, Yield value and Newtonian value of model inks increase as molecular weight of Resin increase. 4) The litho ink prepared with the modified phenolic of which molecular weight is about 20000 showed the highest printing density and gloss.