• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2014

Objective: In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of low-intensity treadmill training in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity rat models. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: In this study, we randomly divided them into four groups. The normal group included non-cardiotoxicity normal control (n=10), the control group included non-treadmill training after doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (n=10), the experimental group I included low-intensity treadmill training (3 m/min) after doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (n=10), and the experimental group II included low-intensity treadmill training (8 m/min) after doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (n=10). Rats in the treadmill training group underwent treadmill training, which began at 2 weeks after first intraperitoneal injection. We determined the body weight change for each rat on days 1 and 21. Biochemical markers (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], creatine kinase [CK], glutathion, aspartate transaminase [AST], and alanine transaminase [ALT]) concentration in the serum change of rats from all four groups was examined at the end of the experiment. Results: The results showed that the experimental group I and II showed a significant increase in body weight as compared with that of the control group (p<0.05). We observed that the biochemical markers (LDH, CK, glutathion, AST, and ALT) were improved in the experimental group I than the experimental group II (p<0.05). There was no difference between the experimental groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, our data suggest that low-intensity treadmill training applied after doxorubicin treatment protects against cardiotoxicity following treatment, possibly by enhancing antioxidant defenses and inhibiting cardiac muscle cell apoptosis.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.492-501
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• 2009

일반계 비만고교생 60명을 4그룹으로 구분, 웨이트트레이닝을 1일 60${\sim}$70분, 주 3회, 8주간 강도별(A group: control group, B group: $40{\sim}55%RM$, C group: $60{\sim}75%RM$, D group: $80{\sim}90%RM$)로 실시하여 대사증후군 5가지 인자(waist size, fasting glucose, TG, HDL-C, blood pressure) 개선을 위한 가장 효과적인 WT 강도를 알아보았다. Waist size의 감소는 운동군 모두 효과적이었으나 $40{\sim}55%RM$과 $60{\sim}75%RM$ 실시 그룹이 더욱 효과적이었고, TG의 감소도 운동군 모두 효과적이었으나 $40{\sim}55%RM$ RM 실시 그룹이 더욱 효과적이었다. Fasting glucose는 차이가 없었으며, HDL-C는 대조군보다 $80{\sim}90%RM$ 실시 그룹이 유의하게 증가하였고, blood pressure는 diastolic blood pressure는 차이가 없었고, systolic blood pressure는 다른 그룹보다 $40{\sim}55%RM$ 실시 그룹이 유의하게 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 중 고강도보다는 오히려 저강도가 대사증후군 인자 개선에 효과적이라는 것을 시사하며, 웨이트트레이닝이 비만고교생의 대사증후군 위험 인자를 개선해준다는 사실을 확인하였다. 따라서, 비만고교생은 대사증후군 인자의 개선을 위해 $40{\sim}55%\;RM$의 웨이트트레이닝을 실시하는 것이 효과적이라 생각된다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2004

This study aimed to know the effects of three marine training items, swimming, rowing and yachting on pulse, lung capacity and weight. The experiment subjects were composed of ten each item and were tested for six days. The experiment groups were strictly controlled in eating time, food amount, sleeping time and training intensity. The level of training intensity was 70~80% of maximal pulse rate. In the training intensity of each item the speed was decided after examination in advance, and the trainees kept the speed during training. The contents of training were made up through enough examination. The conclusions were as follows. 1. The effect on pulse in average value showed the decrease of 1.80round/min swimming, 1.51round/min rowing, and 0.11round/min yachting, but it was not admitted as significant difference. And in average value, swimming showed the decrease of 0.26round/m than rowing and 1.69round/m than yachting. 2. The effect on lung capacity showed the increase of 66.66cc swimming, 42.97cc rowing, and 4.22cc yachting, but there was no significant difference. And the average value of swimming showed the increase of 23.66cc than rowing, and 62.44cc than yachting. 3. The effect on weight showed decrease of 3.45g in swimming, 3.24g in rowing, and 2.07g in yachting. Swimming and rowing proved to have significant difference (p<.05). And in average value, swimming showed the decrease of 1.175g than rowing, and 1.38g than yachting. On the whole, in all experiment items, pulse, lung capacity and weight, the change was in the order of swimming, rowing and yachting after experiments.

• 운동과학
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2017

PURPOSE: This study investigated the protective role of high-intensity interval training against acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine (D-Gal)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: A total of 30 male BALB/c mice aged 5-week were randomly assigned to high-intensity, interval training group (EX, n=10) or control group in cage (Non-EX, n=20) for 10 weeks. Peritoneal injection of D-Gal (700 mg/kg body weight) and LPS ($10{\mu}g/kg$ body weight) was applied to induce acute liver injury, and liver tissue was harvested 6 hours after the injection. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was used for liver histology. Real-time PCR was used to quantify expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes in the liver. RESULTS: The liver histology showed that D-Gal/LPS treatment resulted in hepatic damage and increased number of neutrophils in conjunction with upregulation of hepatic IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNAs and downregulation of hepatic $PPAR{\alpha}$ and SIRT1 mRNAs. On the other hand, the 10-week interval training resulted in a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness assessed as run time to exhaustion on a treadmill. In addition, the interval training attenuated the D-Gal/LPS-induced liver damage and increased number of neutrophil in conjunction with downregulation of hepatic IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNAs and upregulation of hepatic $PPAR{\alpha}$ and SIRT1 mRNAs. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that high-intensity interval training suppresses the D-Gal and LPS-induced acute liver damage and inflammatory responses.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2002

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the aerobic exercise and weight training combined with VLCD(very low calorie diet) and chegameuyiin-tang(體減薏苡仁湯) on the change of the body composition during 15 days of hospitalization treatment. Methods: Twenty four female obese patients were observed. Exercise regimen was composed with aerobic exercise and weight training program, and the intensity of aerobic exercise were 50% HRmax(maximal heart rate) twice time a day and weight training were 50% 1RM(one repetition maximum) a day. All subjects diet regimen was VLCD of 600kcal/day. Results & Conclusions. 1. There was no significant difference between the aerobic exercise and the weight training groups in the change of body weight, fat mass, and percent body fat, waist-hip ratio, body mass index and resting metabolic rate. 2. In the comparison of the change rate of FFM(fat free mass), weight training group preserved FFM better than aerobic-exercise-only-group with no statistical significance.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the exercise effect of two types of training with a recumbent cycle ergometer on ankle muscle strength (dorsiflexor strength, DFS; dorsiflexor strength/weight, DFS/kg; plantar flexor strength, PFS; and plantar flexor strength/weight, PFS/kg) in healthy male subjects. Methods: Twenty-three healthy males (27.91±8.66 yr) were randomly allocated into two groups (high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and aerobic exercise training (AET) after the first measurement. The subjects were trained for 24 sessions (40 min/rep, three times/week) and ankle strength was measured for a second time. Two-way mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify significant differences between changes in ankle muscle strength between before and after training (within factors) in the HIIT and AET groups (between factors). The statistical significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: In both HIIT and AET groups, all variables of ankle muscle strength were significantly increased after training compared to before training (p=0.001). However, there were no differences in all variables of ankle strength between the HIIT and AET group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both types (HIIT and AET) of recumbent cycle exercise training could be effective training methods to increase ankle muscle strength in healthy individuals, and the HIIT type with high intensity and low frequency pedaling could be recommended more to strengthen ankle muscles.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.973-979
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the digestible energy intake and energy expenditure in yearling horses on different training protocols (uphill- and level-track exercise training protocols). Twenty-four thoroughbred yearlings (12 males and 12 females, aged 27.0$\pm$0.9 months) were divided into two groups based on their training on two different tracks: the uphill (with a gradient of about 3%) training group (uphill training) and the level training group (level training). The digestible energy (DE) intake and energy expenditure (EE) during exercise were measured in both the groups. It was found that the DE intake in the uphill training and the level training groups was 5.1$\pm$3.1 and 36.9$\pm$4.8 Mcal/day, respectively. The EE during exercise in the two groups was 3.05$\pm$0.51 and 2.07 $\pm$0.56 Mcal, respectively. Thus, there was a significant difference in the EE (p<0.05), but not in the DE intake between the animals of the two training groups. The EE for a given intensity of exercise was greater in the uphill training group than in the level training group, but the DE intake was not affected by the exercise intensity. The DE intake was not generally affected by the intensity of exercise in this study, but a daily negative gain of body weight was observed in the uphill training group, particularly in the females. Thus, the energy requirement may be higher in yearlings undergoing uphill training than in those undergoing level training.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2021

본 연구는 단거리 달리기선수의 고강도 훈련 시 중탄산염 섭취가 혈액변인에 미치는 영향 규명하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. S시 남·여 단거리달리기 선수로 등록된 운동경력 3년 이상의 엘리트 선수 30명을 대상으로 통제집단, 훈련집단, 중탄산염 투여와 훈련집단의 세 집단으로 설정 후, 고강도 운동프로그램은 통제집단과 중탄산염 투여와 훈련집단을 대상으로 80-90%HRmax 운동강도를 2-3주마다 증가시키며, 총 8주간, 주 5일, 1회 90분 실시하였다. 중탄산염 섭취는 중탄산염 투여와 훈련집단을 대상으로 체중 1kg당 300mg을 고강도 운동프로그램 시작 90분 전 1일 1회 8주간 섭취하였다. 연구결과, 단거리달리기 선수의 고강도 훈련 시 중탄산염의 섭취가 혈액변인에 미치는 효과는 중탄산염 투여와 훈련집단에서 수소이온농도의 상승과 젖산의 감소에 긍정적인 효과가 나타났으며, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺은 훈련집단과 중탄산염 투여와 훈련집단에서 유의한 증가가 나타났다. Mg²⁺은 세 집단 모두에서 유의한 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 고강도 훈련 시 중탄산염의 섭취가 혈액변인의 변화 중 수소이온농도의 증가와 젖산의 감소에 효과적인 변화가 나타나는 것을 확인 할 수 있다. 따라서 고강도 운동 시 중탄산염의 섭취가 운동능력의 개선에 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of 24-week sensory integration activity training on fitness of children with intellectual disability. Research design, data, and methodology: The subjects were 10 children with intellectual disability, 60 min training of sensory integration activity for 24 weeks. Obesity, cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and muscle endurance were measured pre and post training. Frist, characteristics of subjects were measured with age, height, weight, IQ and SQ. Second, the subjects then performed sensory integration activity training for 24 weeks. Last, weight, strength, endurance, cardiovascular endurance and flexibility were measured. Data were calculated for average and standard deviation by SPSS 25.0 statistic program, and dependent sample t-test was processed to analyze the change between pre and post training. All statistical significance level was set to 0.5. Results: The result was shown that weight, strength and endurance changes between pre and post were significant. However, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility changes between pre and post were not significant. Conclusions: The lack of training frequency of 60 minute per week were acknowledged per week from this result. In future research, increased intensity and frequency are need for an in-depth and meaningful study and the measured data can be used basic information for the study.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2004

Six volunteers (mean $age=25.7{\pm}1.7$, $height=173{\pm}1.9$ and $weight=63.4{\pm}2.3{\;}kg$) participated in a graded exercise test and one hour of basic form of ChunDoSunBup (CDSB) Qi-training to investigate the cardiorespiratory responses and exercise intensity of Qi-training, a Korean traditional psychosomatic training. In the maximal exercise, the trainee showed $96.2{\pm}8.89{\;}l/min$ in ventilation (VE), $46.0{\pm}4.4$ in breath frequency (BF), $1.31{\pm}0.05$ in respiratory exchange ratio (RER), $180.7{\pm}3.0$ in heart rate (HR), and $2.6{\pm}1.1{\;}l/min$ or $40.7{\pm}2.3{\;}ml/kg/ml$ in oxygen consumption $(VO_2)$. Qi-training induced significant changes in BF, RER, HR, and $VO_2$. The exercise intensity of Qi-training were 42.3%, 46.9% and 38.7% of $HR_{max}$ during the sound exercise, slow motion (haeng-gong) and meditation respectively and the average was 46.2% of $HR_{max}$. We conclude that Qi-training is an aerobic exercise of a light (mild) intensity exercise, and it leads to decrease the metabolic rate in the trainee by breathing efficiently and relaxing them. In addition, Qi-training may affect cardiorespiratory function of BF, RER, HR and $VO_{2max}$ in trainees.