• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to investigate the growth and yield responses of hydroponically grown tomato as affected by the different substrates using perlite and mixtures with perlite. Substrates used in this experiment were perlite (fine and coarse granule), peatmoss, rice hull and carbonized rice hull. The results obtained were as follows ; The best results in terms of total fruit yield and average fruit weight obtained in the single treatment of perlite, followed by perlite mixture with rice hull and carbonized rice hull. Leaf area was also higher in the plots of perlite mixture and optimum mixing ratio of perlite, peatmoss and carbonized rice hull was determined as 5:3:2 by volume. The more the rice hull was added to the mixed substrates, the less in fruit production was observed. However, adding perlite to other substrates brought higher fruit yield. Single treatment of rice hull showed the lowest fruit yield but enhanced in soluble solids contents over 6.0 $^{\circ}$Brix at each cluster.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 1994

A protease, actinidin, was isolated from Cheju kiwi fruit Actinidia chinesis. The enzyme was purified about 8.5 fold with the yield of 25% by column chromatographies of DEAE-Toyopearl and Sphadex. G-100. Purified enzyme gave a single protein band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and its molecular weight estimated by SDS-PAGE was about 27, 000. The optimum pH and temperature were 7.0 and 4$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. This enzyme was stable at the ranges of pH 5.0~9.0 and below 5$0^{\circ}C$. It was also found that Fe+2, Fe+3, and Na+ ions increased enzyme activity, whereas Hg+2 and Co+2 ions decreased. The enzyme was inhibited by phenylmercuric acetate and leupeptin, which indicated that active center of the emzyme had thiol-group. The enzyme reaction followed the Michaelis-Men-ten dkinetics with the Km value of 0.32 mM for casein.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2001

Major characteristics have been studied on Daejappong which is autotetraploid brooded for mulberry fruit and Garmbacppong selected from the wild mulberry of Turkey. The number of chromosomes of Daejappong was 2n=56 recornized tetraploid, and that of Gambacppong was 2n=42 as a triploid. The percentage of seed formation, sank seed and germination of Daejappong were 48.2%,32.7%,90.0% respectively, on the other hand these of Carmbacppong were very low level as 41.0%, 1.9%,7.0% respectively. On the single fruit (sorosis) weight, Daejappong was large fruit as 4.39 g with light purple color, and Garmbacppong was medium fruit as 3.26 g with milk white color. Sugar contents (Brix %) and total acidities of Daejappong and Garmbacppong were 14.2%,0.45%, and 19.3%,0.15% respectively. Maturities of 2 cultivars were late and mulberry fruit yield of Daejappong was high and that of Garmbacppong was medium yielding.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2001

Daeseongppong, Daebungppong, Daeokppong were bred, and Shingwangppong was selected among the recommended mulberry varieties of the grown silkworm, in order to meet the increasing the interest about the mulberry fruit, The major characteristics of the mulberry fruits were also studies. The chromosome number of Daeseongppong, Daebungppong and Daeokppong are 2n=56 recognized autotetraploid, and that of Shingwangppong is 2n=42 as a triploid. Seed forming rate of Daeseongppong, Daebungppong, and Daeokppong are more than 58%, but that of the Shingwangppong is very low with 6.7%. Concerning the single fruit weight, Daeseongppong is 4.05g, Daeokppong 3.38g, Daebungppong 2.99g which belonged to big fruit group. However Shingwangppong is medium as 2.28g. The sugar contents of Shingwangppong, Daeokppong, Daebungppong, Daeseongppong are 14.8%,13.7%,13.1% and 12.7% respectively. The sugar/acidity rate of them are above 21. The fruit maturity of Shingwangppong is early, those of Daebungppong, Daeokppong are medium and that of Daeseongppong is late. Yielding Potentiality of Daebungppong is high, those of Daeseongppong, Shingwangppong are comparatively high, and that of Daeokppong is moderate. In the case of cold hardiness, those of Shingwangppong, Daeokppong, Daebungppong are comparatively good, that of Daeseongppong is weak slightly.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.709-717
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• 2021

This study evaluated the growth, physiological responses and productivity based on the intercropping ratio of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) with basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). on the rooftops to determine out the efficient ratio in urban agriculture. From April to September 2019, an experiment was conducted on the rooftop of Konkuk University Glocal Campus. Cherry tomato and basil were selected as companion plants for eco-friendly urban agriculture on the rooftops. Each plot was created with a width of 100 cm, length of 100 cm, and height of 25 cm. After installing drainage and waterproof layers from bottom to top, substrate was laid out with a height of 20 cm. Intercropping ratio was consisted of a single tomato plant (TC), 2:1 tomato to basil (T₂B₁), 1:1 tomato to basil (T₁B₁), 1:2 tomato to basil 2 (T₁B₂), and a single basil plant (BC), were conducted using a randomized complete plot design with five treatments and three replication (a total 15 plots). Measurements were divided into growth, physiological responses, and productivity parameters, and detailed items were investigated and analyzed by classifying them into plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, root length, root collar caliper, chlorophyll contents, fresh weight, dry weight, number of fruit, fruit caliper, fruit weight, and sugar content. Comparative analyses of cherry tomato with basil plants by intercropping ratio, growth, physiological, and productivity responses are determined to be efficient when the ratio of cherry tomato to basil ratio is 2:1 or 1:1.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2016

In order to select excellent cross parents for development new cultivar of low temperature tolerant, combining ability was conducted by 24 cross combinations obtained from crosses between 'Dahong', 'Gamhong', 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang' as seed parents and 'Dahong', 'Gamhong', 'Maehyang', 'Sugyeong', 'Sunhong', 'Wongyo 3111' as pollen parents. The results showed that two cultivars of 'Dahong', 'Gamhong' were not suitable for seed parents. Because average fruit weight in case of 'Dahong' as a seed parent was the tendency to become the smallest in total cross combinations, survival ratio in case of 'Gamhong' as a seed parent was the lowest in total cross combinations. And fruit hardness in case of 'Sunhong' as a pollen parent was the tendency to low, incidence of malformed fruit in case of 'Sugyeong' as a pollen parent was the tendency to be increased. Therefore, two cultivars of 'Sunhong', 'Sugyeong' was also not suitable for pollen parents. But In case of 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' as seed parents, germination percent and survival rate were relatively higher than other seed parents, fruit quality and yield had also excellent. Therefore, there could be selected to 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' as seed parents and 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang', 'Wongyo3111' as pollen parents. Especially, the crosses 'Maehyang' × 'Seolhyang', 'Seolhyang' × 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang' × 'Wongyo3111' were suitable for cross combination for development new cultivar of low temperature tolerant to be demonstrated the excellence as cross parents in sugar contents, fruit weight, fruit hardness and yield.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.577-583
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• 2016

Small-sized persimmons produced by high crop load are better accepted in the export markets. However, maintaining high crop load frequently results in weakness of tree vigor, deterioration of fruit quality, and increase of the risks for alternate bearing. This experiment was conducted to determine the combined effects of fertilization rate and leaf-fruit (L/F) ratio on container-grown 3-year-old 'Fuyu' persimmon trees. Application of 3.6-g N, 2.1-g $P_2O_5$, 2.7-g $K_2O$, 2.7-g CaO, and 0.6-g MgO was for the control fertilization rate (CF) and that of a 3-fold CF was for the high fertilization rate (HF). Commercial fertilizers were surface-applied to a container on July 6, July 17, and August 10 in three equal aliquots. Single tree for each fertilization rate was assigned for 12 L/F ratios (5, 6.3, 7.7, 9, 10.4, 13, 15.5, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 33) mostly by fruit thinning or rarely by defoliation on July 1. HF did not affect the yield, weight and soluble solids of the fruits but decreased skin color. As L/F ratio increased, yield decreased but average weight, skin color, and soluble solids of fruits increased. With HF, N and K concentrations in leaves, fruits, and shoots increased to some extent but soluble sugars in dormant shoots decreased. Many shoots were cold-injured with low L/F ratio especially at the HF. HF did not increase number of flower buds the next spring either on a shoot or on a tree basis but increased shoot length, compared with the CF. Increasing L/F ratio markedly increased number of flower buds and shoot growth the following year at both fertilization rates. Therefore, an appropriate combination of fertilization rate and L/F ratio should be necessary to maintain stable fruit production and tree vigor at high crop load.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.445-451
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• 2012

The thinning effects of lime sulfur either alone or combined with fish oil on two apple cultivars 'Fuji'/M.9 and 'Hongro'/M.9 were investigated during two consecutive seasons. Either 1% or 2% lime sulfur at full bloom decreased the amounts of both terminal and axillary fruits compared with unsprayed 'Fuji' control trees in the first year. However, 1% or 2% lime sulfur did not decrease terminal fruit set in the second year. Only, triple applications of 1% lime sulfur significantly reduced the number of terminal and axillary fruits in both years. Multiple application of 1% lime sulfur was the most effective in thinning of 'Hongro'. In the first year, double or triple applications of 1% lime sulfur was effective in thinning terminal or axillary fruit, but one time applications of 1% or 2% lime sulfur was not reduced axillary fruit in 'Hongro' apple trees. In the second season, all treatments reduced terminal or axillary fruit in 'Hongro' clusters, except single application of 1% lime sulfur. Fish oil did not always improve the thinning effects of lime sulfur in 'Fuji' or 'Hongro' apple trees. None of treatments caused significant russeting in the harvested fruits. Most of thinning treatments had little effect on 'Fuji' or 'Hongro' fruit quality in terms of fruit weight, firmness, soluble solids concentration or titratable acidity.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.452-458
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• 2012

Rare earth elements fertilizer and Ca were sprayed on eight-year-old 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees during two consecutive seasons, and fruit quality was quantified at harvest and 5-month long storing in a commercial cooling house at $4^{\circ}C$ and 80~85% RH. In the first season, single-sprayed of rare earth elements fertilizer showed appreciable accumulations of its elements (La, Pr, Gd, and Nd) in the fruit. In the following season, application of higher doses accumulated higher amount, indicating that the accumulation of rare earth elements was dose-dependent. However, rare earth elements did not affect the accumulations of Ca, Mg, and K in 'Fuji' apple fruit showed that there was no interaction between rare earth elements and these macronutrients. Double-spray of 0.2% rare earth elements increased fruit redness at harvest and had exhibited better color. Although at harvest it did not show significant effects on fruit weight, pulp firmness and titratable acidity (TA), but had pronounced effects on inhibiting fruit softness and retarded decrease of TA during storing. Furthermore, it reduced respiration rate and inhibited ethylene production during storing indicated that rare earth elements may be an alternative for prolonging the shelf life of 'Fuji'/M.9 apple fruit.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.154-157
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• 2009

Pear has a gametophytic self-incompatibility (SI) system and its SI reaction is controlled by a single multi-allelic S-locus. 'Wonkyo Na-jasoojung 2' was selected from a cross between 'Wonwhang', early season major pear cultivar with high fruit quality and self-incompatible, and 92-18-79 (${S_4}^{sm}{S_4}^{sm}$) obtained from self cross of 'Osa-nijisseiki' (${S_2S_4}^{sm}$) (SM, stylar-part mutant), self-compatible bud mutant that originated from self-incompatible 'Nijisseiki' ($S_2S_4$) made in 2001 at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration in Korea. '92-18-79' was selected as a self-compatible source through field investigation. It bloomed 1 day earlier than 'Osa-Nijisseiki' and similar to 'Wonwhang' in 2008. It is medium in tree vigor and spreading in tree habit. 'Wonkyo Na-jasoojung 2' is classified as highly susceptible to pear scab (Venturia nashicola) similar to 'Osa-Nijisseiki' and as resistant to black spot (Alternaria kikuchiana) similar to 'Wonwhang'. It had 65.7% fruiting rate by self pollination. The average optimum harvest time of 'Wonkyo Na-jasoojung 2' was 148 days after full bloom and it matured 2 days earlier than 'Osa-Nijisseiki' and 11 days later than 'Wonwhang'. The fruit is roundish oblate in shape and yellowish brown in skin color. Average fruit weight was 445 g and soluble solids content was 13.3 $^{\circ}Brix$. The flesh had abundant juice and negligible grit.