• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.524-529
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Use of smaller plates to control food intake is a commonly recommended strategy for restricting energy intake, despite conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether or not three different sizes of plates influence energy intake during a multi-itemed buffet meal in normal weight women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This was a cross-over study conducted on 37 female participants aged 19-25 years with normal BMI levels. Participants were recruited from Hacettepe University and the surrounding community. On experimental days, participants ate a standard breakfast and were then randomly assigned to eat lunch using a small (19 cm), medium (23 cm), or large (28 cm) diameter plate. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores on sensory and satiety outcomes were measured for all meals. Energy and macronutrient intakes during lunch were recorded. RESULTS: There was no evidence that use of a smaller plate size reduced energy or specific macronutrient intake during the free choice lunch meal. Multiple visits to the serving table were not associated with energy or macronutrient intake. Plate size did not affect VAS scores during the test days. CONCLUSIONS: Plate size did not influence energy intake, meal composition, or palatability in normal weight women during a multi-itemed open buffet lunch. Studies in natural settings at the population level are needed to clarify current outcomes.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of macrocephaly at birth in Korea using ultrasonography. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of full-term birth neonates in Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center from January 2000 to June 2012. The following parameters were recorded and analyzed: gestational age, sex, birth weight, height, occipitofrontal circumference (OFC), physical examination, perinatal problems, and ultrasonography results. Macrocephaly was diagnosed when the OFC was greater than two standard deviations, based on the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. Results: There were 75 neonates with macrocephaly at birth (52 boys and 23 girls), with a mean OFC of $38.1{\pm}0.49cm$. A comparison of the birth weight and height with the OFC value showed that height was correlated with OFC (r=0.35) but birth weight was not correlated with OFC (r=0.06). There were no remarkable findings in 56 cases (75%). Germinal matrix hemorrhage was identified in 10 cases (13%). An enlarged cerebrospinal fluid space was found in 5 cases (6.7%). There were 3 cases of mega-cisterna magna (4%), 1 case of ventriculomegaly, and 1 case of an enlarged interhemispheric space (6 mm) among these patients. In addition, a choroid plexus cyst was seen in 1 case. Mineralizing vasculopathy in both basal ganglia with no evidence of congenital infection was found in 2 cases and an asymptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage was found in 1 case. Conclusion: Our results indicate that macrocephaly at birth has benign ultrasonography findings and shows a pattern of male dominance.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.303-314
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• 1984

In order to study the safety of ginseng ingested as a food substance, rats were fed ginseng added feed (subgroup 1: 0.625g/kg feed; subgroup 2: 1.25g/kg feed; subgroup 3: 2.5g/kg feed) for periods up to 6 months. Growth rates, blood composition, blood cell counts, and histopathological studies were carried out on both the control and test animals to study the effect of ingested ginseng. Following results were obtained: 1. The growth rates of the test and control animals were similar with the exception of the subgroup 3 in the 2-month fed animals who had a lower weight gain, and the subgroup 2 in the 4-month fed group who had a higher weight gain than the controls. 2. Liver, spleen, kidney, brain, lung and heart weights were similar between the test and the controls. 3. RBC, WBC, hematocrit, and hemoglobin values were similar between the test and control animals. the blood composition determination showed a similar level of alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, S-GOT, free cholesterol between the test and controls. However, free fatty acid, total lipid and S-GPT levels decreased while phospholipid, total protein, and HDL-cholesterol levels tended to increase. 4. Fl, F2 generations showed no abnormai values in blood count, organ weight and external appearance. 5. No histopathological differences were observed between the test and control animals even after a long-term administration of ginseng. However, there was evidence that ginseng promotes hematopoiesis in test animals. 6. These results suggest that ginseng is not only safe as a food substance but may indeed strengthen the body and help-prevent diseases of old age.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.218-228
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• 2023

Recent studies have evaluated the association between specific beverage intake and metabolic risks in adults. However, more evidence is needed to examine the association between the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) and metabolic factors. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between HBI and metabolic factors in adults. In this cross-sectional study, 338 overweight and obese individuals living in Tabriz, Iran were selected. Data on beverage consumption, demographics, physical activity, and anthropometric characteristics were evaluated using validated standard protocols. The predefined HBI was calculated based on previous studies. The mean value of HBI index among all of the participants was 59.76 ± 6.51. Those at the higher HBI scores had significantly lower waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass, and weight (p < 0.05). HBI and triglyceride scores also had a significant relationship. It has been shown that at higher HBI scores compared to lower scores, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increase while homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and blood pressure decrease. HBI scores higher among Iranian adults were associated with a better chance of losing weight and weight loss and a better lipid profile, and lower blood pressure. Therefore, HBI can be a useful and helpful tool for assessing the overall quality of beverages adults consume. However, further studies are warranted to confirm the possible health effects of healthy beverage index.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.192-197
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• 2008

지방육종은 연부 조직 종양 중 가장 흔한 종양 중 하나로 알려져 있다. 주로 50세 이상의 노년층에서 주로 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있고, 사지에서 발생할 경우 근위부에서 발생한다. 저자들은 67세 남자의 좌측 대퇴부의 거대 지방육종을 변연절제술을 이용한 종양 적출술로 치료하였다. 다른 부위로의 전이는 없었으며, 종양은 변연절제에 의해 성공적으로 적출 하였으며, 종양적출 후 6개월간 재발하지 않았다. 환자의 신장은 153 cm이며, 체중은 43 kg인데 반하여 종양은 $34{\times}20{\times}9\;cm$, 2.82 kg이였다. 환자의 신장과 체중에 비하여 종양은 매우 거대하였으며, 조직학적 검사상 잘 분화된 지방육종(well-differentiated liposarcoma)으로 판명되었다. 저자들은 조직학적 분화도와 크기에 관련된 증례가 많지 않고 이에 따른 치료 방법이 명확하지 않다고 생각되어 변연절제를 이용한 종양 적출술로 치료한 잘 분화된 거대지방육종 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

Background The length of the second digit (the index finger) relative to the length of the fourth digit (the ring finger) is sexually dimorphic as males have a lower second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D). There is evidence that sex differences in 2D:4D arise from in utero concentrations of sex steroids, with a low 2D:4D (male typical ratio) being positively related to prenatal testosterone, while a high 2D:4D (female typical ratio) is positively associated with prenatal oestrogen Objective To investigate possible associations between 2D:4D ratio and sexually dimorphic body composition Methods 2D:4D ratio, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR), weight, and body fat percentage was measured from 46 men and 20 women Results Digit ratio was found to be significantly lower in men than in women. No significant correlation between 2D:4D ratio and body compositions was found for both men and women while digit ratio in obese men was significantly higher than normal weight men. Conclusion This finding dose not support the significant correlation between digit ratio and sexually dimorphic body composition. However digit ratio in obese men was significantly higher than normal weight men.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2010

Epidemiological evidence of the effects of dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, and anthropometric indexes on blood pressure is still inconsistent. To investigate the relationship between dietary factors or anthropometric indexes and hypertension risk, we examined the association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) with sodium, calcium, and potassium intakes and anthropometric indexes in 19~49-year-olds using data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) III. Total of 2,761 young and middle aged adults (574 aged 19~29 years and 2,187 aged 30~49 years) were selected from KNHANES III. General information, nutritional status, and anthropometric data were compared between two age groups (19~29 years old and 30~49 years old). The relevance of blood pressure and risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and the intakes of sodium, potassium, and calcium was determined by multiple regression analysis. Multiple regression models showed that waist circumference, weight, and BMI were positively associated with SBP and DBP in both age groups. Sodium and potassium intakes were not associated with either SBP or DBP. Among 30~49-year-olds, calcium was inversely associated with both SBP and DBP (P = 0.012 and 0.010, respectively). Our findings suggest that encouraging calcium consumption and weight control may play an important role in the primary prevention and management of hypertension in early adulthood.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.207-216
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• 2021

Supplement of high-protein food plays an important role in improving the symptoms of malnutrition and the immune capacity of the body, but the association of high-protein diet and gut microbiota remained unaddressed. Here, we systematically analyzed the internal organs and gut microbiota in C57(WT) or PD-1H-depleted (KO) mice (T cells were activated) fed with pupae or feed for six weeks. We observed that the body weight gain in the mice fed with pupae increased less significantly than that of the feed group, while the villi and small intestine lengths in the pupa group were reduced compared with that of mice given feed. However, the average body weight of the KO mice increased compared with that of the WT mice fed with pupae or feed. Pupae increased the concentration of blood glucose in WT, but not in KO mice. Moreover, in the feed group, there was no difference in the weight of the internal organs between the WT and KO mice, but in the pupae-fed group, liver weight was decreased and spleen weight was increased compared with that of KO mice. The amounts/plural/amounts of Melainabacteria, Chloroflexi, and Armatimonadetes were specifically upregulated by pupae, and this upregulation was weakened or eliminated by PD-1H depletion. Some bacteria with high abundance in the feed-fed KO mice, such as Deferribacteres, Melainabacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia, were decreased in pupae-fed KO mice, and Proteobacteria and Deinococcus were specifically enriched in pupae-fed KO mice. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Akkermansia were associated with weight loss in the pupae-fed group while Lachnospiraceae and Anaerobiospirillum were related glucose metabolism and energy consumption. Based on high-throughput sequencing, we discovered that some gut bacteria specifically regulated the metabolism of a high-protein diet, and PD-1H deficiency improved life quality and sustained blood glucose. Moreover, PD-1H responses to high-protein diet through modulating the type and quantity of gut bacteria. These findings provide evidence about the association among gut microbiota, T cell activation (for PD-1H depletion) and high-protein diet metabolism, have important theoretical significance for nutrition and health research.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.2057-2060
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• 2009

Conducting poly-N-isopropylacrylamide-N-vinyl carbazole (PNI-nvc) copolymers were synthesized via in situ deposition technique by dissolving different weight percentages of N-vinyl carbazole (10, 20, 30, and 40%). The structural morphology and FT-IR studies support the interaction between PNI and N-vinyl carbazole. The temperaturedependent DC conductivity of PNI-nvc was studied within the range of 300 ${\leq}\;T\;{\leq}$ 500 K, presenting evidence for the transport properties of PNI-nvc. The DC conductivity of PNI-nvc copolymers signifies the future development of new nanocopolymers that acts as a multifunctional material.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

Chemical mixtures of components, each of which are present at less than guidance concentrations, may be hazardous due to additivity, interactions, or both. Toxicological interactions may increase the health hazard above what would be expected from an assessment of each component singly, or all components additively. So chemical mixture are a particular issue in public health. There are several approach to assess whether there are additivity or interaction in assessing toxicological effects, such as, components-based approach, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic /pharmacodynamic(PBPK/PD) models, hazard index method, and weight-of evidence method. If we consider interaction or additivity effects in assessing the health effects of chemcial mixtures, we can get more accurate information about toxicological effects and dose-response relationship in chemical mixtures.