• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.78-83
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• 2012

In this study, some experimental results of the peroxide-degradation process of polypropylene(PP) in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder to produce controlled rheology polypropylene(CRPP) are presented. The peroxide was dicumyl peroxide(DCP) and the concentration of DCP was in the range 0-0.3 wt%. It was found that the rheological properties of PP change significantly during reactive extrusion. Melt flow index(MFI) increased with DCP concentration. Intrinsic viscosity decreases with increasing DCP concentration. From dynamic rheological data, number average molecular weight(Mn), weight average molecular weight(Mn) and molecular weight distribution(MWD) were calculated. Results indicated that Mw decreases and MWD becomes narrower with increasing peroxide concentration. Especially, particle size distribution of CRPP decreases with increasing DCP concentration by chemical powdering process, and anti-slip floor paint, CRPP(DCP 0.2 wt%) powder by 10phr was friction coefficient 2.15 ${\mu}$, abrasion resistance 511.18%.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.454-465
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate distribution of obesity, body composition, weight control and dietary behaviors, and to analyze the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical characteristics, body composition and dietary behaviors by anthropmetric measurement and questionnaires. The 199 study subjects were divided into 3 age groups; 30's (78), 40's (77) and 50's (44) and 4 groups by BMI ; under weight (4.5%), normal (51.3%), over weight (26.1%) and obese (18.1%). Amount of skeletal muscle, body water, mineral and body fat were significantly increased with BMI. There were especially significant increase skeletal muscle 5.3 kg ($19.1\;{\rightarrow}\;23.5\;kg$), body water 5.3 kg ($26.3\;{\rightarrow}\;31.6\;kg$) and fat 15.2 kg ($11.2\;{\rightarrow}\;26.4\;kg$) from under weight to obesity group, respectively (p < 0.01). There were significantly decreased in the ratio of body water (10.3%), protein (2.7%) and body mineral (1.1%) from under weight to obesity, but significant increase 14.1% in body fat (p < 0.001). About 44.4% of under weight group and 40.1% of normal group and 50% of over and obesity group had dissatisfaction on their body images. Most of the women were concerned about their body images and experienced weight control. Dietary behavior scores of obesity group were significant lower than the other four groups (p < 0.001). There were significant positive correlation between BMI and body water (r = 0.62), protein (r = 0.52), skeletal muscle (r = 0.63), body fat (r = 0.91) and WH ratio (r = 0.91), respectively (p < 0.001). The correlation between BMI and body fat and WH ratio were much higher than the correlation between weight and fat and WH ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1559-1565
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• 2005

The Purpose of this study was to investigate college students' attitude toward body weight control, health-related lifestyle and dietary behavior by their perception on body image and obesity index. The subjects were 871 nation- wide college students (330 male and 541 female students) participating in a nutritional education program via internet- A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire via internet. The data were analyzed by a SPSS 10.0 program. Height and weight (p < 0.05), and the distribution of obesity index (p < 0.001) showed significant differences between male and female college students. As for self perception on body image, the necessity of body weight control and the experience of efforts to change the body weight, there were significant differences between male and female college students (p < 0.001). There were significant differences among groups by obesity index in the hours of exercise (p < 0.01), drinking (p < 0.01) and smoking (P < 0.001). As for methods of body weight control, all the groups by obesity index thought that program of body weight control by diet company is the most desirable method. Therefore, we must recognize that it is hard to correct health problems resulting from wrong lifestyle and dietary behavior fixed during college life and prepare a system for college students to obtain correct lifestyle and dietary behavior.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.1190-1197
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• 1999

The management of power factor(PF) in the distribution line is treated according to the measurement a month about the feeder unit at the substation. In Korea, we have not researched into power factor in distribution system due to it's less weight. The reactive power in advanced countries is controlled automatically by the compensative condenser switch on/off under the monitoring. This paper first presents the optimal condenser position and proper capacity by lagrangue factor ${\lambda}_{Q}$ which is the line loss index about reactive power unit. Therefore, the largest ${\lambda}_{Q}$ node is the condenser injection point and we find out the best condenser capacity when the line loss is saturated by the moderation of condenser volume. By this method, we suggest 0.6% uprising PF by injection of 15 kVA condenser. Additionally, PF is analysed into 5 areas; large city, middle city, small city, farm village, fishing village by the use of Power Platform which is classified the same concept of the low load management in KEPCO. Two feeders of each area are selected by the worst results of PF in specified areas.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.221-232
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• 1992

This study was intended to figure out the interrelationship among body fat distribution serum insulin and lipids levels. One hundred forty four adult female from Chinju area were participated in this study. The survey was conducted between December 17, 1990-February 27, 1991, . The results are as follows : Wiast/hip girth ratio(WHR) and waist/thigh girth ratio(WTR) were increased with age and positively correlated with body mass index(BMI). It appeared that the prevalence of obesity in terms of BMI was higher in upper body type than intermediate or lower body type women. Correlation analyese indicated that serum triglyceride level seemed to be more closely associated with BMI and other body fat distribution indices. Analyses of the anthropometric data serum lipids and insulin were carried out by dividing the sample into three body type groups-upper body type women(WHR$\geq$0, .87) intermediate body type women(0.82$\leq$WHR$\leq$0.86) and low body type women(WHR$\leq$0.81) Age weight BMI RBW percentage of body fat serum insulin triglyceride cholesterol level of upper body type women were significnatly higher than that of intermediate or lower body type women(p<0.05) HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in upper body type women. These results suggested that body fat distribution would be relevant to chronic metabolic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.175-179
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• 2023

This study was conducted to find out the compensation strategy through kinetic gait analysis by comparing dog with congenital luxation of the shoulder joint and normal dog. Ground reaction forces were recorded for all limbs while normal poodle dog and poodle dog with shoulder joint luxation was allowed to walk on an instrumented platform. The dogs were evaluated for maximal vertical force (MVF), body load distribution (BLD), and symmetry index (SI). The MVF was increased in the contralateral forelimb of luxated shoulder joint. The SI was also increased in a dog with dislocated shoulder joints in the forelimbs. For BLD, the maximum load distribution increased centrally, but the total load distribution decreased in the ipsilateral forelimb paw. In contrast, total load distribution was increased in the contralateral forelimb paw. During forelimb lameness, changes in weight-bearing load showed compensatory load redistribution. These biomechanical changes may lead to changes in the musculoskeletal system in a dog with luxated shoulder.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.820-833
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• 2008

The study analyzed the body shape perception, weight control attitude, nutrition knowledge, and dietary habits of 529 high school students in Jeju surveyed from January 14-18, 2008 according to students' body shape satisfaction, with the aim of providing basic nutritional education data to aid in appropriate weight control for high school students. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, T-test, Chi-square test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients, using the SPSS Win 12.0 program. The body mass index (BMI) of subjects was in the normal range. With regard to weight distribution, 59.4% of subjects showed normal weight and girls were significantly more underweight than boys. More girls considered themselves to be fatter than boys and tended to be increasingly dissatisfied with their body shape. Both boys and girls were more interested in weight control for obesity and were significantly less satisfied with their body shape. Efforts at weight control and reduction had occurred significantly more often for girls than for boys. Dietary attitude scores were significantly higher in girls than boys. BMI positively correlated to weight control concern and nutrition knowledge positively correlated to dietary attitude. BMI negatively correlated to the body shape satisfaction, which in turn negatively correlated to food ingestion disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a systematic nutrition educational program that can induce changes in dietary behavior and increase accurate perception and satisfaction of body shape.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 1988

This study was conducted to investigate the various engineering properties and correlationshops among the soil constants of alluvial clayey deposits distributed in the bay of Asan and their results are summarized as follows : 1. Grain size distribution of soil was consisted of 12 % of clay, 46-73 % of silt, 2-23 % of sand, and as for the consistency characteristics, 26-36 % of liquid limit, 18-21 % of plastic limit and 6-16 % of plastic index, and so the soil belonging to as a lower plastic nonorganic clay, it's specific gravity was 2,66-2.70, and the location on the plastic chart was approximately above the A-line. Z The natural moisture content and unit weight were 30-43 % and 1.76-1.87 g I cm$_3$, respectively, and according to increment of natural moisture content, the unit weight was decreased, and the initial void ratio and degree of saturation were shown of 0,87-1119 and 92- 100 %, most of saturated. 3. Cone resistance value which was shown 2.4 - 6.5 kg / $cm^2$ was a little lower and it was increased with the depth of layer and shown the formular $q_c=0.7_z+1.32$. 4. Unconfined compression strength was about 0.18-0.43kg /$cm^2$, cu, 0.1-0.22kg / $\psi$, $2-6^{\circ}$ under uu-test condition of triaxial, and CCU, 0.08-0.3 kg/cm , $\psi$, $12-18^{\circ}$ under the condition of cu-test. 5. Pre-consolidation load of characteristics of consolidation was 0.4-0.8 kg / $cm^2$, compression index, about 0.17-0.33. 6. Liquid limit and plastic index were incresased with the increment of clay content but most of alluvial clay was appeared as a normal through non-activity clay soil shown more natural moisture content than liquid limit, and their relationship as follows : LL=0.38( cy+54.8), PI=0.836(LL -17.8), PI =0.468(LL -0.48) 7. The initial void ratio presented correlationship of positive among clay content, natural moisture content and liquid limit, and that of reverse with unit weight, and their results as follws : $e_o=0.024(w_n+0.2)$, $e_o=e_o=0.0003c_y+0.0005 LL+0.0151 W_n+\frac{3.58}{r-t}-1.52$ 8. It was shown that the compression index has correlationship of postive among the clay content, liquid limit, plastic index, natural moisture content and initial void ratio, and their relationships as follows ; $c_c=0.44(e_o-0.47)$, $c_c=0.001$

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to determine the effects of a early exercise program on the pain, disability and balance after single-level lumbar discectomy. Methods: Forty patients were randomized into experimental(N=20) and control(N=20) groups. Three days after surgery, patients in the experimental group undertook a 4-week exercise program. Assessments were performed in all patients during the week before surgery and at 4 weeks after. The assessment included measures of back and leg pain(VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI), stability index(SI) and weight distribution index(WDI). Results: At 4 weeks, VAS, ODI, SI, WDI were significantly reduced in both groups(p<.01). Also the experimental group was significantly reduced back and leg pain(VAS), ODI and WDI were better than the control group(p<.05). Conclusion: It seems that early exercise program is more effective in patients who undergo single-level lumbar discectomy.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.181-188
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) lower extremity patterns combined with elastic bands applied to stroke patients diagnosed with hemiplegia through self-training using the non-paralyzed side approach and the paralyzed side approach, and to investigate the differences in the effects. Methods: Nine chronic stroke patients who were being treated not more than twice a week at H, K, R, and C hospitals located in Gangwon-do, performed self-training for 16 minutes, two times per day for four weeks between August and October 2015. The subjects' balance ability was measured using the Tetrax stability index, the weight distribution index, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test before the experiment and four weeks later. Among the statistical methods, paired t-tests were conducted for intra-group comparison of the measurements taken before and after the experiment, and independent t-tests were conducted for inter-group comparison of the ex post facto values. The statistical significance level was set to 0.05. Results: When the lower extremity patterns were applied to the non-paralyzed side group and the paralyzed side group, significant intra-group differences were observed for the Tetrax stability index, the weight distribution index, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests (p<0.05); however, the inter-group comparisons showed no significant differences. Conclusion: The non-paralyzed side approach was found to be easy for patients to participate in and it also affected the patients' paralyzed side. Although the paralyzed side approach produced good exercise effects in a short period of time, it could result in adverse effects, such as a decrease in motivation and self-confidence. Therefore, these approaches are considered to be more effective when they are selectively applied depending on the purpose of the intervention and the degree of a patients' participation.