• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2016

본 연구는 2015년 4월부터 6월(1차 조사), 9월부터 10월까지(2차 조사) 2차례에 걸쳐 대전광역시와 세종특별자치시를 포함한 충청남도지역의 사과원에 발생하는 잡초분포현황과 잡초관리방법을 확인하기 위하여 수행되었다. 조사결과 충남지역 사과원에 27과 64종의 잡초가 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 이 중 일년생잡초는 39종이였으며 다년생 잡초는 25종이였다. 1차 조사에서는 새포아풀(6.51), 개불알풀(5.36), 질경이(5.36)순으로 우점하였으며, 2차 조사에서는 별꽃(5.73), 바랭이(5.36), 소리쟁이(5.18)순으로 우점 하였다. 발생잡초를 과별로 분류하면 국화과가 12종으로 가장 많이 발생하였고 화본과는 7종, 마디풀과는 6종 발생하였다. 잡초관리 방법에 대한 설문조사 결과 충남지역 사과원의 55%가 예초와 제초제나 경운 또는 초생재배를 함께 사용하는 것으로 조사되었다. 예초를 통해 잡초관리를 할 경우 25종의 잡초가 발생하여 방제효과가 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 충남지역 사과원에서 선호하는 제초제는 glufosinate-ammonium으로 연간 2-3회 사용하는 것으로 조사되었다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.295-307
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• 2015

본 연구는 전남지역 논에서 벼 재배양식별 잡초 발생 현황을 파악하기 위하여 2013년 7월에 9개 시 군의 237지점에서 잡초분포조사를 수행하였다. 조사결과 전체 논에는 일년생잡초가 33종, 다년생잡초 15종을 포함한 18과 45종의 잡초가 발생하는 것으로 확인되었다. 발생한 잡초의 과별 구성을 보면 화본과 9종, 사초과 8종, 현삼과 4종 순으로 상위 3개 과가 포함하는 21종이 전체의 45.5%를 차지하였다. 조사된 잡초는 피 18.5%, 물달개비 12.3%, 개구리밥 8.2%, 올방개 5.2%, 올챙이고랭이 5.2% 순으로 우점하였다. 이번 연구결과를 이용하여 앞으로 논 잡초의 발생양상을 예측하며 잡초군락의 변화를 파악함으로써 효과적인 잡초 관리방안을 마련할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2019

Weed control is a crucial practice not only in organic farming, but also in modern agriculture because it can lead to loss in crop yield. In general, weed is distributed in patches heterogeneously in the field. These patches vary in size, shape, and density. Thus, it would be efficient if chemicals are sprayed on these patches rather than spraying uniformly in the field, which can pollute the environment and be cost prohibitive. In this sense, weed detection could be beneficial for sustainable agriculture. Studies have been conducted to detect weed patches in the field using remote sensing technologies, which can be classified into a method using image segmentation based on morphology and a method with vegetative indices based on the wavelength of light. In this study, the latter methodology has been used to detect the weed patches. As a result, it was found that the vegetative indices were easier to operate as it did not need any sophisticated algorithm for differentiating weeds from crop and soil as compared to the former method. Consequently, we demonstrated that the current method of using vegetative index is accurate enough to detect weed patches, and will be useful for farmers to control weeds with minimal use of chemicals and in a more precise manner.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2012

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of weed interference and starter fertilizer on subsequent soybean seed quality at the Agricultural Research Farm and Laboratory of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. Two factorial experiment was laid-outon a randomized complete block design with four replications. First factor was starter fertilizer levels (0 and 25 kg $ha^{-1}$) applied in the forms of monoammonium phosphate, the second factor was different weed interference periods consisted of five initial weed-free periods (in which, plots were kept free of weeds for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after crop emergence (DAE) and then weeds were allowed to grow until harvest) and five initial weed-infested periods (in which, weeds were allowed to grow for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60DAE, after which the plots were kept free of weeds until harvest). Full season weedy condition reduced 100-seed weight, seed germination percentage and seedling dry weight by 25.9, 13.3 and 22.5%, respectively and increased mean germination time and seed electrical conductivity by 55.8 and 24.3%, respectively as compared with full season weed-free control. However, the traits under study were not significantly influenced when field was kept free of weeds for at least 45 DAE (R1) or weedy condition was continued for less than 30 DAE (V8). There was a significant and negative correlation between weed biomass and seed weight (r = -0.93), so that when weed free condition was less than 45 DAE or weed infested period was continued for at least 30 DAE, soybean plants produced wrinkled and underdeveloped seeds with lower weights and qualities. Moreover, soybean seed quality reduction due to weed interference was more evident when starter fertilizer was applied and weeds interfered with soybean from the beginning of the growing season. Information from the present study is beneficial in soybean seed production systems and where farmers use the harvested seeds for the following planting.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.295-297
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• 2011

Weed control is the most important issue in organic farming systems that limit crop growth and their yield. Field experiments were conducted in organic soybean (Glycine max Merrill) to evaluate the weed suppression effects of salt and seawater treatment. Weed population and fresh weight were monitored after 6 weeks of salt and seawater treatments. The most important weeds were Digitaria sanguinalis, Portulaca oleracea, Tradescantia reflexa and Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum, but also 6 other species were observed in soybean arable field. Soybean crops under seawater or their solids application were well grown. The results treated with salts and seawater indicate decreases by 13.4~30.8% in weed density and by 18.0~43.2% in their fresh weight and soil hardness increases of up to 2.1-fold. Salt and seawater provided good additional weed control, but they were caused a serious problem in deterioration of soil physical properties.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.356-363
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• 1998

GIS를 이용한 1981 및 1992년도 우리 나라 전국 논잡초 발생량의 차이를 단위면적당 발생 본수 및 건물중을 가지고 분석한 지도자료를 통하여 보면 각각 다음과 같다. 1. 1981년과 1992년의 발생본수로 본 잡초발생 경향은 충청서부지역은 양년 모두 잡초발생이 많아 비슷한 양상을 보였다. 그러나 1981년에 비교적 많은 발생량을 보였던 강원일부지역은 1992년에는 발생본수가 크게 줄어든 것으로 나타났으며, 1981년에 발생량이 적었던 전남남부지역의 발생량이 많은 것이 특징적인 것으로 나타났다. 2. 1981년도의 우리 나라 논잡초 발생 량을 건물중으로 분석하여 볼 때 1992년도에 비하여 비교적 적은 것으로 나타났으며 주요 발생지역은 중서부지역인 것으로 나타났으며, 1981년도에 상대적으로 논잡초 발생량이 많았던 지역은 충남 당진, 서산, 태안, 청양, 대천, 보령, 공주 등이었다. 또한 건물중으로 볼 때 1992년도 우리 나라 논잡초 주요 발생지역은 중부지역인 것으로 나타났다. 특히 1992년도 논잡초 발생량이 상대적으로 많았던 지역은 경기도 화성, 안성, 용인, 시흥, 강원도 원주, 충북의 중원, 제천, 청원, 보은, 옥천, 영동, 충남의 대전, 예산, 대천, 서산, 당진, 태안, 청양, 보령, 서천, 천안, 아산, 연기, 공주, 부여, 논산, 금산지역이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.12-15
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• 1978

The agriculture in Korea has been gradually changed from a labor-intensive type to a labor-saving one which aims to maximize productivity of labor. Herbicides have been utilized in rice farming since 1955. The consumption of herbicides rapidly increased during the last decade. However, the technology of weed control with herbicides has not been developed yet. For the dissemination of efficient weed control methods in farming, both research and extension activities on herbicide utilization should be strengthened. Appropriate research and guidance units on weed control should be established as early as possible, in order to provide the necessary technical information.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1978

Researches on weed control in vegetable and fruits are reviewed in the aspects of technical dissemination of research results and problems to be solved for the establishment of integrated weed control measures. The future researches in relation to the possible changes of cultivation pattern in horticultural crops are also discussed. The current situation of weed control in horticulture in general is classed as a primitive stage comparing to other food crops and is well behind of other advanced countries. It is strongly suggested that only steady and extensive researches in this field will produce a significant contribution to the minimization of labor cost in horticultural crop production.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.206-214
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• 2010

The laboratory and green house studies evaluated the effect of three different environmental factors on the seed germination, seedling emergence and survival of four major weed species in coconut plantations, Mimosa pudica, Ureana lobata, Panicum maximum and Pennisetum polystachyon. Germination percentage of all the weed species was significantly reduced with increasing soil moisture stress, no germination was observed at -0.9 MPa. Germination of both grass seeds ranged from 8% to 25% and 10% to 45% as moisture stress decreased from -0.4 MPa to 0 MPa, respectively. In contrast, seeds of M. pudica, and U. lobata were moderately tolerant to soil moisture stress and best adapted to moist environment. All the weed species seeds germinated over a wide range of soil pH values with the highest germination occurring at pH 6. In all the species, seedling emergence was declined rapidly with increasing depth with the exception of U. lobata. Seedling emergence significantly declined when the duration of flooding was three days or longer in dicotyledonous weed species and two days or longer in monocotyledonous weeds. This study illustrates the adaptability of these weeds to different environmental conditions which would enable the development of management strategies to reduce their populations below economic threshold levels in coconut plantations.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.63-66
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• 1982