• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.83-103
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• 2008

In the new web based learning environment which has recently emerged, a variety of new learning objectives and teaching methods suited to this learning environment have been adopted. Recently, web based project-based learning methods have received a great deal of attention from those wishing to improve learning performance. The objective of this study is to identify the impact of characteristics of communication media and instruction behavior on collaborative interaction and project performance through web based group projects. The characteristics of communication media were divided into richness, flexibility, and ease of use, and the characteristics of instruction behavior were divided into support and expression, which are independent variables. Collaborative interaction as a mediate variable, was divided into information sharing and negotiation. Project performance was the dependent variable. To verify the proposed research model empirically, an experiment was conducted in which learners participated in on-line and off-line courses with group projects. The group project was conducted virtual product development(VPD), and designed a web-site about the VPD. At the end of the project, a survey was conducted. Of the 270 students, 239 responded. The students were assigned to groups of 3 or 4 members, and represented different genders and levels of computer competence. The reliability, validity, and correlation of research variables were analyzed using SPSS 14.0, and the measurement model and the structural goodness-of-fit of the research model were verified through SEM analysis using Lisrel 8.54. We found important results as follows; First, richness and ease of use has positive impacts on each of sharing information and negotiation. This suggests that richness and ease of use are useful in sharing information which is related to the task and agreeing in opinions among group members. However, flexibility has not positive impacts on sharing information and negotiation. This implies that there is no great difference in performance of PC and information literacy of user. Second, support and expression of instructor have positive impacts on sharing information and negotiation. This indicates that instructors play an important role in encouraging learners to participate in the project and communicating with them, sharing information related to the project, making a resonable decision and finally leading them to improve a project performance. Third, collaborative interaction has a positive impact on project performance. This result shows that if the ability to share information and negotiate among students was improved then a project performance would be improved as well. Recently, in the state of revitalized web based learning, it is opportune that web-based group project is practically conducted, and the impact of characteristics of communication media and characteristics of instruction behavior on sharing information, negotiating among group members and improving a project performance is verified. On the basis of these results, we propose that forms of learning, such as web based project, could be one of solution which is to enforce interaction among learners, and ultimately improve learning performance. Moreover web-based group project is able to make up for a weakness which makes it difficult to make interpersonal relations or friendship among learners in computer mediated communication or web based learning.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.1679-1686
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce the sharable and reusable learning objects which are suitable for XML Web services in e-learning systems. These objects are extracted from the principles of pedagogical paradigms for reusable learning units. We call them LIO (Learning Item Object) objects. Existing models, such as Web-hosted and ASP-oriented service model, are difficult to cooperate and integrate among the different kinds of e-learning systems. So we developed the LIO objects that are suitable for XML Web services. The reusable units that are extracted from pedagogical paradigms are tutorial item, resource, case example, simulation, problems, test, discovery and discussion. And these units correspond to the LIO objects in our learning object model. As a result, the proposed model is that learner and instruction designer should increase the power of understanding about learning contents that are based on pedagogical paradigms. By using XML Web services, this guarantees the integration and interoperation of the different kinds of e-learning systems in distributed environments and so educational organizations can expect the cost reduction in constructing e-learning systems.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.123-142
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine how computer conferencing might facilitate collaborative learning for students to engage in meaningful discussion. The participants in this study consisted of the instructor and the students in a graduate level course. Different sources of evidence were used to triangulate the data: in-depth interviews, content analysis of transcripts of discussion, and other archival data including course syllabus, presentation materials, and lecture notes. Participants perceived web-based learning as collaborative process, providing opportunities to share the idea, respect and evaluate different perspectives, and co-construct new insights. Analysis of the data revealed several challenges related collaboration in a web-based learning environment: absence of a sense of community, technical problems, adaptability to different types of learner, and managing the discussion. The data also indicated that a variety of strategies were used to facilitate learning: building a sense of community, technical support, developing instructional methodologies, class size, and design of the content.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.630-637
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• 2003

This study is designed to use the stepwise learning system for solving learner-oriented problem on the Web, which can help learners probe studying targets and contents of mathematics as well as search for a study-related materials. The study provides a Web-based Courseware design model based on the general multimedia systematic professor design model. It develops a program for remote lecture that can solve problems through interaction among a professor and the other learners. It also implements a remote teaming system for real-time environment of mathematical problems oriented by the learner. The system designed either as a Web-based mathematical Courseware or as a text mode has the purpose of providing a Web-based stepwise learning system for solving mathematical problems oriented by the learner.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.163-175
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• 2004

In this study, 63 university seniors majoring Child Studies were in an 8-week Web Based Instruction (WBI) program. Student characteristics of learning motivation, self-regulatory learning strategy, and learning style (Kolb, 1985) were the independent variables. Learning effects as dependent variables were measured by paper test and work assessment. Spearman's $\rho$ was calculated and tests of rank order difference were used for the data analysis. Results showed that learning motivation and self-regulatory learning strategy had meaningful positive relations with learning effects on the paper test score. Learning effects showed differences by learning style. These findings indicated that the learner's characteristics should be considered in the design and development of more effective WBI environments.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2004

협동적 웹기반 학습이란 웹을 매개로 학생들이 동료 학생, 전문가, 교수, 지역사회 인사, 다른 기관의 연구원 등과 함께 학습을 하는 것이다. 본 논문은 점차 활성화되어 가고 있는 협동적 웹기반 학습에서 학습자들을 공정하고 공평하게 평가하기 위한 도구를 제안하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 결국, 공정한 평가를 통하여 협동적 웹기반 학습이 가상공간에서도 체계적으로 원활히 이루어질 수 있도록 유도하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 우선 협동적 웹기반 학습이 이루어지기 위한 환경 및 수업 방식을 조사한다. 이를 위해 실제 교실 수업에서는 협동학습 시 어떤 방식으로 학습자들을 평가하는지 조사 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 하여 협동적 웹기반 학습을 위한 학습자 평가 항목을 개발한다. 또한 팀 구성방식과 수업유형을 고려하였을 때 재안한 평가항목 중에서 참여도 측면, 협동성 측면과 개별책무성에 대해 학습자들의 평가사례를 분석한다.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.131-151
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• 2005

As student-centered learning grows, formative peer assessment practices have been universally used in various fields. According to the review of traditional peer assessment practices, the formative peer assessment has five common stages: planning, assessing (giving feedback), receiving feedback, reflection, and revising. As the each stage of traditional formative peer assessment has some weaknesses, the study discusses solutions that are recommended for dealing with the problems by introducing the potential benefits of web-based peer assessment. Then, desirable future trends of web-based peer assessment are suggested. The author hopes that understanding the potential benefits of web-based formative peer assessment will promote the proper use of peer assessment and render positive effect on student learning.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제11A권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2004

정보화 사회에서는 전통적 교육환경이 웹기반의 자기주도적 학습시스템으로 변화 하고 있다. 웹기반 학습시스템은 인터넷을 사용하기 때문에, 학생들로 하여금 학습에 적극적이고 자발적으로 참여할 수 있는 기회를 제공하고, 학습진도를 스스로 제어하고 평가할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 자기 학습계획서를 학생 스스로가 만들고, 만들어진 학습계획서가 학습진도를 안내하고 평가하도록 하는 시스템을 연구하였다. 본 학습 시스템은 UML을 활용하여 객체지향적 개념으로 설계되었기 때문에 유지보수가 가능하고 클래스별로 재사용 될 수 있다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2003

최근의 웹 기반 교수-학습의 패러다임은 학습자의 능력, 적성, 요구, 흥미, 학습 이력, 학습 활동 프로파일등에 입각하여 학습자의 학습 패턴을 분석해내고, 학습자 개개인에게 적응적인 환경을 제공하는 방향으로 변화되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 학습 활동 데이터를 이용하여 학습자의 학습 패턴을 Apriori 알고리즘을 이용하여 분석해내고 학습자 개개인에게 적응적인 학습 환경을 제공하는 개인화 시스템을 개발하였다. 개인화 시스템은 학습경로, 인터페이스, 상호작용 개인화의 세 부분으로 구성되어있다. 개발된 개인화 시스템을 웹 기반 교수-학습 과정에서 학습자 개인의 학습 만족도를 향상시키는데 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2002

현재 아동을 대상으로 한 원격교육관리시스템은 그 수가 미미할 뿐만 아니라 주로 성인을 대상으로 한 원격교육시스템을 모델로 하였기 때문에 아동의 교육적 특성을 충분히 반영하지 못하였다. 본 연구에서는 아동의 교육적 흥미를 극대화하기 위하여 보다 효과적인 웹기반 실시간 원격영어교육관리시스템의 기능들을 제안하고자 한다. 특히 실제로 원격영어교육시스템을 이용하고 있는 초등학생들을 대상으로 하여 사용실태조사를 하고 이를 토대로 실시간, 양방향 교육서비스 제공의 필요성을 논의하고 학부모들에게 자녀의 교육과정을 실시간으로 관람토록 함으로써 보다 효율적인 아동교육프로그램을 제공하는 교육관리시스템을 제안하고자 한다.