• 대한응급의학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.603-615
• /
• 2018

Objective: We analyzed the association between regional weather and temporal changes on the daily occurrence of trauma emergencies and their severity. Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective study, we investigated daily atmospheric patterns in trauma episodes in 1,344 patients in Cheongju city, South Korea, from January 2016 to December 2016 and analyzed the association of trauma occurrence and Injury Severity Scores (ISS) with weather conditions on a daily scale. Results: The mean age of trauma patients was $53.0{\pm}23.8years$ and average ISS was $9.0{\pm}2.0$. Incidence of trauma was positively correlated with average temperature (r=0.512, P<0.001) and atmospheric pressure (r=0.332, P=0.010) and negatively correlated with air pollutants (particulate matter less than $2.5{\mu}m^3$ [PM2.5], r=-0.629, P<0.001; particulate matter less than $10{\mu}m^3$ [PM10], r=-0.679, P<0.001). ISS was not significantly correlated with climate parameters and air pollutants, and variability was observed in the frequency and severity of trauma by time of day (highest occurrence, 16-20 pm; highest ISS, 4-8 am), day of the week (highest occurrence and highest ISS, Saturday), month of the year (highest occurrence, July; highest ISS, November), and season (highest incidence, summer; highest ISS, autumn). Conclusion: The study shows a positive relationship between trauma occurrence and specific weather conditions, such as atmospheric temperature and pressure. There was a negative relationship between concentrations of PM2.5 or PM10, and trauma occurrence. However, no correlation was observed between weather conditions or the concentrations of air pollutants and ISS. In addition, seasonal, circaseptan, and circadian variations exist in trauma occurrence and severity. Thus, we suggest that evaluation of a larger, population-based data set is needed to further investigate and confirm these relationships.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
• /
• 제55권1호
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2006

This paper proposes a method to evaluate the Total Transfer Capability (TTC) by considering uncertainty of weather conditions. TTC is limited not only by the violation of system thermal and voltage limits, but also restricted by transient stability limit. Impact of the contingency on the power system performance could not be addressed in a deterministic way because of the random nature of the system equipment outage and the increase of outage probability according to the weather conditions. For these reasons, probabilistic approach is necessary to realize evaluation of the TTC. This method uses a sequential Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). In sequential simulation, the chronological behavior of the system is simulated by sampling sequence of the system operating states based on the probability distribution of the component state duration. Therefore, MCS is used to accomplish the probabilistic calculation of the TTC with consideration of the weather conditions.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 2003

Weather conditions have played a vital role in a war. Many historical records reported that the miss use of weather information is the main reason of the lost a war. In this study we demonstrated the possibility of applying the numerical weather prediction system(NWPS) for military operations. The NWPS consists of PC-cluster as a super computer, data assimilation system ingesting many remote sensing observation, and graphic systems. High resolution prediction in NWPS can provide useful weather information such as wind, temperature, sea fog and so on for military operations.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양정보통신학회 2007년도 춘계종합학술대회
• /
• pp.561-564
• /
• 2007

기상레이다는 최근에 와서 반사 신호의 강도뿐만 아니라 도플러 스펙트럼 분석을 통하여 다양한 정보를 추출함으로서 급변하는 기상현상 및 위험 등을 탐지할 수 있도록 하는 연구가 활발히 진행되어져 왔다. 이러한 목적으로 활용하기 위해서는 다양한 기상레이다 모의 신호의 구현이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서에서는 기상레이다에서의 다양한 모의 신호 발생 기법에 관하여 분석하고 고찰하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.453-462
• /
• 1996

This study was conducted to evaluate the level of atmospheric heavy metals and the relationship of that concentration with weather conditions. This research monitored the concentration of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) at every three hours by using High Volume Air Sampler from December 24th, of 1995 to Febuary 20th, 1996 in Kimhae area, which recently became a rapidly growing residential and industrial sitc. The items such as air-temperature, relative humidity, radition, wind speed, and wind direction were monitored by using Atmospheric Weather System at the same time. From the collected TSP, the concentration of heavy metals were analyzed by using the Atomic Absorption Spcetrophotometry. The mean concentration of TSP was 110.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^3$, and the mean concentration of lead (Pb), copper(Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), were 0.837 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^3$, 0486 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^3$, 0.264$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^3$). The concentration of Pb and Mn was higher in the moring and that of Cu, Cr and Cd was higher in the afternoon and the evening. Regarding the relationship between the concentration of pollutants and weather condition, the-concentration TSP revealed positive correlation with temperature, humidity, wind speed, but negative correlation with tradition (p<0.01). The concentration of Mn revealed positive correlation with temperature and humidity, but negative correlation with wind speed (p<0.01). And the the concentration of pollutants and weather condition revealed higher correlation within the same time period. In summary, the paralleled mornitoring of air conditions and weather condition should be recommended to. get the correct informations concerning the pollution and to prevent the deterioration of air conditions.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.249-260
• /
• 2022

비행교육을 받는 학생 조종사들은 조종 및 상황판단 능력이 미숙하며 심리적, 육체적, 환경적 등 다양한 요소에 의해 많은 영향을 받는다. 특히 학생 조종사들의 비행교육에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 요소 중 하나는 기상상태이다. 항공운송사업에 사용되는 대형 항공기와 달리 비행교육에 사용되는 소형 항공기는 기상조건에 따라 비행 제한, 악기상에서는 심리적 압박, 학생 기량 저하 등 교육에 많은 영향을 준다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 소형 항공기에 많은 영향을 미치는 기상요소에 대한 기상 특성에 대해 분석을 하였다. 분석 결과 계절에 대한 교육 시기 조절, 항공기 가동률 증가, 기상을 고려한 안전한 단독비행 계획을 통하여 조종사 양성 전문교육기관에 효율적이고 안전한 교육훈련 운영방법을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.90-96
• /
• 2016

Background: Knowledge on microclimate conditions under artificial shades in a ginseng field would facilitate climate-aware management of ginseng production. Methods: Weather data were measured under the shade and outside the shade at two fields located in Gochang-gun and Jeongeup-si, Korea, in 2011 and 2012 seasons to assess temperature and humidity conditions under the shade. An empirical approach was developed and validated for the estimation of leaf wetness duration (LWD) using weather measurements outside the shade as inputs to the model. Results: Air temperature and relative humidity were similar between under the shade and outside the shade. For example, temperature conditions favorable for ginseng growth, e.g., between $8^{\circ}C$ and $27^{\circ}C$, occurred slightly less frequently in hours during night times under the shade (91%) than outside (92%). Humidity conditions favorable for development of a foliar disease, e.g., relative humidity > 70%, occurred slightly more frequently under the shade (84%) than outside (82%). Effectiveness of correction schemes to an empirical LWD model differed by rainfall conditions for the estimation of LWD under the shade using weather measurements outside the shade as inputs to the model. During dew eligible days, a correction scheme to an empirical LWD model was slightly effective (10%) in reducing estimation errors under the shade. However, another correction approach during rainfall eligible days reduced errors of LWD estimation by 17%. Conclusion: Weather measurements outside the shade and LWD estimates derived from these measurements would be useful as inputs for decision support systems to predict ginseng growth and disease development.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 2023

The number of traffic accidents caused by wet or icy road surface conditions is on the rise every year. Car crashes in such bad road conditions can increase fatalities and serious injuries. Historical data (from the year 2016 to the year 2020) on weather-related traffic accidents show that the fatality rates are fairly high in Korea. This requires accurate prediction and identification of hazardous road conditions. In this study, a forecasting model is developed to predict the chances of traffic accidents that can occur on roads affected by weather and road surface conditions. Multiple deep learning algorithms taking into account AlexNet and 2D-CNN are employed. Data on orthophoto images, automatic weather systems, automated synoptic observing systems, and road surfaces are used for training and testing purposes. The orthophotos images are pre-processed before using them as input data for the modeling process. The procedure involves image segmentation techniques as well as the Z-Curve index. Results indicate that there is an acceptable performance of prediction such as 65% for dry, 46% for moist, and 33% for wet road conditions. The overall accuracy of the model is 53%. The findings of the study may contribute to developing comprehensive measures for enhancing road safety.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.171-175
• /
• 2017

The purpose of the farmstead-specific early warning service system for weather risk management is to develop custom-made risk management recommendations for individual farms threatened by climate change and its variability. This system quantifies weather conditions into a "weather risk index" that is customized to crop and its growth stage. When the risk reaches the stage where it can cause any damage to the crops, the system is activated and the corresponding warning messages are delivered to the farmer's mobile phone. The messages are sent with proper recommendations that farmers can utilize to protect their crops against potential damage. Currently, the technology necessary to make the warning system more practical has been developed, including technology for forecasting real-time weather conditions, scaling down of weather data to the individual farm level and risk assessments of specific crops. Furthermore, the scientific know-how has already been integrated into a web-based warning system (http://new.agmet.kr). The system is provided to volunteer farmers with direct, one-on-one weather data and disaster warnings along with relevant recommendations. In 2016, an operational system was established in a rural catchment ($1,500km^2$) in the Seomjin river basin.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.317-330
• /
• 2013

홍수와 가뭄, 고온 등 이상기상의 영향으로 쌀 단수가 감소할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 등숙기 이상기상이 쌀 단수에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것이며, 이를 위하여 횡단면 자료와 시계열 자료를 모두 이용할 수 있는 패널모형을 이용하였다. 본 연구에서는 기상요소의 평균값을 기준으로 ${\pm}2{\sigma}$의 범위를 벗어날 때를 이상기상으로 정의하였다. 분석결과를 보면, 이상고온이 발생하였을 때 쌀 단수가 5.8~16.3% 감소, 이상고온과 폭우가 동시에 발생하였을 때 8.8~20.8% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상기상으로 인한 쌀 생산량 감소를 최소화하고, 농가의 소득안정을 위하여 고온과 폭우에 강한 신품종 개발, 농업용 수리시설의 현대화, 농작물보험 채택 등의 적응전략이 필요하다.