• Title/Summary/Keyword: Water-soluble fraction

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Antioxidant Effects of Noni (Morinda citrifolia) Extracts Treated with Hel and Trypsin (염산과 트립신으로 처리한 노니(Morinda citrifolia) 추출물의 항산화 효과)

  • Choi, Hye Young;Choi, Byung Chul;Sim, Sang Soo
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.49 no.5
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    • pp.410-415
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    • 2005
  • To investigate biological activity of noni extracts treated with HCl and trypsin, we measured the antioxidant activity through vitro assay and cellular system. Both water and lipid soluble fraction of noni extracts dose-dependently scav­enged DPPH radical. Superoxide scavenging activity of lipid soluble fraction after treating HCl and trypsin was significantly more potent than those of other fractions in NBT/xanthine oxidase assay, which suggests that antioxidant activity of noni extracts was increased by the treatment with HCl and trypsin. In antioxidant assay using RBL 2H3 cells, water soluble frac­tion of noni extracts had little effect on silica-induced reactive oxygen species generation, whereas lipid soluble fraction inhibited in a dose dependent manner. In non-treated noni extracts, effect of water soluble fraction on silica/$CuSO_4$-induced lipid peroxidation was more potent than that of lipid soluble fraction. However, the effects of noni extracts were reversed in noni extracts treated with HCl and trypsin. These data suggest that water soluble substances may be converted into lipid soluble substances by the treatment with HCl and trypsin. From the above results, it is suggested that lipid soluble fraction of noni extracts contain antioxidant used in vitro assay and RBL 2H3 cellular system. Such an effect of noni extracts may be increased by the treatment with HCl and trypsin.

Negative Effects of Water Extracts from Pinus densiflora Sawdust on Mycelium Growth of the Shiitake Mushroom Lentinula edodes

  • Choi, Myung-Suk;Yang, Jae-Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.110-114
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    • 2005
  • Extracts from sawdust of Pinus densiflora were showed antifungal activity against Lentinula edodes. It was extracted by hot water and then successively extracted by n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The yields of the n-hexane-soluble, ethyl acetatesoluble, methanol-soluble and methanol-insoluble fractions of water extracts were 8.2%, 10.6%, 32.0%, and 49.2%, respectively. The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction showed the greatest antifungal activity against L. edodes: 41.5% inhibition at 1,000 ppm. However, there were not significant differences of antifungal activities between n-hexane-soluble fraction and methanol-soluble fraction at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. The hot water extracts showed 23.5% of antifungal activity against L. edodes at a concentration of 1000 ppm. The four antifungal compounds were separated from ethyl acetate fraction by thin layer chromatography.

The Effect of AS Aqua-acupuncture on the Diabetic Rats Induced by Streptozotocin (가시오가피(五加皮) 약침(藥鍼)이 항당뇨(抗糖尿) 및 신장보호활성(腎臟保護活性)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Kyung-Keun;Choi, Do-Young;Kang, Sung-Keel
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2002
  • Objective ; In order to study the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus(AS) aqua-acupuncture manufactured with water soluble fraction and ether soluble fraction on the streptozotocin induced diabetic rats Methods ; The fractions of AS aqua-acupuncture were carried out on corresponding bilateral loci of Bisu(BL20) everyday for 4 weeks. The experimental animals were divided into control group and AS groups(AS water fraction group and AS ether fraction group). Thereafter the levels of serum glucose, total choleterol, HDL, triglyceride, AST, ALT, creatinine, BUN, urinary albumin excretion, index of kidney hypertrophy, heart rate, mean blood pressure and fibronectin in glomeruli and tubular cells were measured. Results ; The increased serum total cholestrol, triglyceride levels, HDL and urinary albumin excretion, the index of kidney hypertrophy, the mean blood pressure and the amount of fibronectin in glomeruli and tubular cells were significantly decreased in the AS groups, showing more significant decrease in the AS water fraction group as compared with the control group. In the serum ALT, AST, creatinine and BUN levels, there were no significant changes in the AS groups as compared with the control group. Conclusion ; According to the above results, it reveals that Acanthopanax senticosus water soluble and ether soluble fraction have the antidiabetic effect, the antilipidemic effect and the inhibitory effect of renal damage. Also, the results showed that Acanthopanax senticosus water soluble fraction is more effective than ether soluble fraction.

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Anti-inflammatory Activity and Phospholipase $A_2$ Inhibition of Noni (Morinda citrifolia) Methanol Extracts (노니(Morinda citrifolia) 메타놀 추출물의 Phospholipase $A_2$ 억제와 항염증 활성)

  • Choi, Byung Chul;Sim, Sang Soo
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.49 no.5
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    • pp.405-409
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    • 2005
  • To investigate anti-inflammatory activity of Noni extracts, we measured the phospholipase $A_2$ activity using both in vitro and in vivo system. Water soluble fraction of Noni extracts did not affect melittin-induced arachidonic acid release, whereas lipid soluble fraction inhibited it in a dose dependent manner in Raw 264.7 cells. The purified phos­pholipase $A_2$ activity was dose-dependently inhibited by lipid soluble fraction of Noni extracts but not by its water soluble fraction. Lipid peroxidation, myeloperoxidase and phospholipase $A_2$ activity in incised skin of mice were significantly increased as compared with those in non-incised skin, and these increase was attenuated by the treatment with Noni pow­der. Our data suggest that Noni extracts has anti-inflammatory activity, and this is, in part, caused by inhibitory activity of phospholipase $A_2$.

Development of Antitoxic Agents from Korean Medicinal Plants. Part 8. -Effects of Methanol Fraction of Lonicerae flos on the Accumulation of Cadmium and Metallothionein in Rats.- (한국산 생약으로 부터 해독물질의 개발(제8보)-금은화 메탄올 분획이 흰쥐 장기내 카드뮴 축적과 Metallothionein 생성에 미치는 영향-)

  • 김영옥;이종섭;박경옥;한두석;유일수;곽정숙;백승화
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.41-46
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    • 1996
  • This study was performed to investigate the antitoxic component in methanol fraction of Lonicerae fios. The results were as follows: 1. When a 500 ppm of water soluble fraction of Lonicerae flos was administered, it showed the highest antitoxic effect. 2. Generally, detoxication effects by methanol fraction of Lonicerae fios increased. When the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Lonicerae rios was administered, it exhibited the highest antitoxic effect against the toxicity of cadmium in Liver. 3. The combined administration of cadmium and methanol fraction of Lonicerae rios significantly increased metallothionein in liver compared to administration of cadmium only. This phenomenon was more remarkable when the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Lonicerae fios was administered with cadmium chloride.

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Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Different Solvent Extracts from Pine Needles in Pinus Species

  • Kang, Yoon-Han;Howard, Luke R.
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.36-43
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenolic acid, proanthocyanidin (PAs), and flavonol glycoside contents, as well as the antioxidant activities of pine needle extracts from six species of young pine trees. The extracts were prepared from Section Pinus (Diploxylon): P. densiflora, P. sylvestris, P. pinaster and P. pinea, and Section Strobus (Haploxylon): P. koraiensis and P. strobus. Phenolics were extracted from pine needles with 80% acetone to obtain the soluble free fraction, and insoluble residues were digested with 4 M NaOH to obtain bound ethyl acetate and bound water fractions. Phenolics were analyzed by HPLC, and the hydrophilic antioxidant activity was measured using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the soluble free fraction were higher than those of the bound ethyl acetate and bound water fractions. The main phenolics were monomers and polymers of PAs in the soluble free fraction, and phenolic acids and flavonol glycosides in bound ethyl acetate fraction. Flavonol glycosides found in different species of pine needles were qualitatively similar within fractions, but composition varied among Pinus sections. High levels of kaempferol arabinoside and an unknown compound were present in all Strobus species. The soluble free fraction had the highest antioxidant activity, followed by bound ethyl acetate and bound water fractions.

Studies on Antoxidative Action of Garlic Components Isolated from Garlic(Allium Stivum, L) Part III : Effects of water soluble fractions from steamed garlic on inhibition of lipoperoxide formation. (마늘성분의 산화방지작용에 대한 연구 - 제 3 보 가열수용성분의 과산화지질 생성억제효과에 미치는 영향 -)

  • 전희정
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.87-92
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    • 1986
  • In Order to study antioxidative action of water soluble fractions which had been steamed according to time as 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes, they were compared through the inhibitory effect of lipoperoxide formation by TBA, peroxide value and induction time for the first period of lipoperoxide formation. Results are obtained as follows: 1. In vivo experiment with TBA value, water soluble fractions showed aninhibitory effect of lipoperoxide formation. 2. Comparing with the inhibitory effect of lipoperoxide formation with TBA value in vivo, water soluble fractions which had been steamed for 30 and 60 minutes and those from fresh garlic proved effective in the blood by intraperitoneal administration. But in the liver all of water soluble fractions showed distinctive effect as in the case of fresh garlic. 3. Effect of water soluble fractions which had been steamed for 15, 30 and 60 minutes showed a distinctive effect, water soluble fraction which had been steamed for 120 minutes and that from fresh garlic also showed effective in the blood as compared with control. 4. In oral administration, water soluble fraction of fresh garlic was the most effective in the liver. 5. In vitro experiment with peroxide value, water soluble fractions which had been steamed for 60 and 120 minutes were effective, all of water soluble fractions from steamed garlic were more effective than fresh garlic. 6. In Examining the induction time for the first period of lipoperoxide formation in vitro, water soluble fractions steamed for 30, 60 and 120 minutes were effective. Other fractions were also more effective than control.

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Blood Glucose-Lowering Effects of Mori Folium (상엽의 혈당강하 활성)

  • 이주선;최명현;정성현
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.367-372
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    • 1995
  • Mori Folium(MF) methanol extract and its water soluble fraction showed significant blood glucose lowering effects alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice. Their hypoglycemic activities seemed to nothing to do with the stimulation of insulin release or insulin-like action, according to our experiments. On the other hand, MF prevents the hyperglycemic responses from an oral load of starch and glucose in vivo. Since complex carbohydrates present in a diet must be degraded to monosaccharides by $\alpha$-glucohydrolase before being absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, it is thought that blood glucose lowering effects of MF may be related to the inhibition of $\alpha$-glucohydrolase catalyzed enzymatic reaction. In addition, experiments that examined an effect of MF water soluble fraction on gastrointestinal movement showed no significant GI movement inhibitory effect. In conclusion, MF water soluble fraction may possess active component which is a potential candidate as an orally active agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

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Hatching Rate and Larval Viability of Cultured Marine Fish Exposed to Water-soluble Fraction of Kuwait Crude Oil during Egg Development (난발생중 원유의 수용성 성분에 노출된 해산 양식어류 수정란의 부화율 및 자어의 생존능력)

  • 이갑현;장영진;강덕영
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 1999
  • Exposure experiments during the egg development were conducted to assess the influences of 5 different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of water-soluble fraction (WSF) of Kuwait crude oil on the eggs and larvae of black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli), red seabream (Pagrus major) and olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). All experiments were triplicated. Hatching time and hatching rate were examined on the eggs. The median lethal time ($LT_{50}$), morphological abnormality and swimming activity (swimming frequency and speed) of larvae were also investigated. The time and rate of egg hatching were not significantly influenced by WSF on the eggs of the fishes. The larvae exposed to WSF during the egg development were also not significantly influenced on the $LT_{50}$ and swimming activity. But the higher morphological abnormalities of notochord were observed from the larvae in 100% WSF exposure.

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Effects of the water soluble fraction of the musk on the activities of murine peritoneal macrophages (사향(麝香)의 수용성분(水容性分)이 생쥐 복강내(腹腔內) 거식세포(巨食細胞)의 활성(活性)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lim Seok-Rhin
    • Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.147-155
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    • 2002
  • The musk has been reported to have significant anti-inflammatory activities in clinical use and several animal models and we examined the effects of water soluble fraction(WSF) of the musk on murine peritoneal macrophages. WSF decreased the production of nitric oxide from the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated murine peritoneal macrophages and also reduced the phagocytic activity of macrophages on the opsonized sheep red blood cells(SRBC). Transcriptional expression level of the inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) was also decreased and the viability of the treated macrophages was not affected by WSF, suggesting that the effects could be partly explained by transcriptional regulation. Contrary to down-regulating iNOS expression, WSF slightly increased the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha$(TNF-{\alpha})$, which implied its selective action on cellular pathways activated by LPS. Our results showed that anti-inflammatory activities of the musk could be partly explained by the inhibitory effects of the water soluble fraction on the macrophageal activation.

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