• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.700-709
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• 2002

Present condition of the Youngsan River pollution is serious. Concentrations of organic materials and nutrients are high and algal bloom takes place frequently. The pollution is mainly caused by domestic wastewater input from urban areas like Kwangju and Naju City. In this study, 6 times of water quality surveys were done for mainstream and tributaries. Delivery ratios of each tributaries are calculated with the water quality and flow data. With Arc/View GIS, sub-basin are divided and pollution loads are estimated. These data are used for water quality modeling. River quality improvement effects are analysed with 5 scenarios including process upgrade of present WWTPs and construction of new WWTPs. These scenarios are applied for the Youngsan River based on the 7Q10 and Q275. And total wastewater treatment cost in the basin is analysed for each scenario.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.503-515
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• 2021

In this study, rainfall infiltration in vault of the second near-surface disposal facility was evaluated on the basis of various disposal scenarios. A total of four different disposal scenarios were examined based on the locations of the radioactive waste containers. A numerical model was developed using the FEFLOW software and finite element method to simulate the behavior of infiltrated water in each disposal scenario. The effects of the disposal scenarios on the infiltrated water were evaluated by estimating the flux of the infiltrated water at the vault interfaces. For 300 years, the flux of infiltrated water flowing into the vault was estimated to be 1 mm/year or less for all scenario. The overall results suggest that when the engineered barriers are intact, the flux of infiltrated water cannot generate a sufficient pressure head to penetrate the vault. In addition, it is confirmed that the disposal scenarios have insignificant effects on the infiltrated water flowing into the vault.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.581-589
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• 2011

Generally, treated water or raw water is transported into storage reservoirs which are receiving facilities of local governments from multi-regional water supply systems. A water supply control and operation center is operated not only to manage the water facilities more economically and efficiently but also to mitigate the shortage of water resources due to the increase in water consumption. To achieve the goal, important information such as the flow-rate in the systems, water levels of storage reservoirs or tanks, and pump-operation schedule should be considered based on the resonable water demand forecasting. However, it is difficult to acquire the pattern of water demand used in local government, since the operating information is not shared between multi-regional and local water systems. The pattern of water demand is irregular and unpredictable. Also, additional changes such as an abrupt accident and frequent changes of electric power rates could occur. Consequently, it is not easy to forecast accurate water demands. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a short-term water demands forecasting and to develop an application of the forecasting models. In this study, the forecasting simulator for water demand is developed based on mathematical and neural network methods as linear and non-linear models to implement the optimal water demands forecasting. It is shown that MLP(Multi-Layered Perceptron) and ANFIS(Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) can be applied to obtain better forecasting results in multi-regional water supply systems with a large scale and local water supply systems with small or medium scale than conventional methods, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.39-50
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• 2006

In this study, the water quality investigated during 2002s to 2004s for Anyang river and its affluent that was based on biological and chemical methods as well as ecological index of each streams. The improving of water quality and the multiplicity of specious in the most streams except for Anyang, which was due to the improving of water quality and water resource. The seasonal dry states are completely disappeared, but water quality of Anyang main stream was classified as fifth grades water with BIP 8.51~10.00 and BOD 8.16~14.4mg/l in Anyang stream overall. And alpha-mesosaprobic in upper, mid parts and polysaprobic in down parts of Anyang main stream are appeared according to Saprobien system, respectively. The water supply of treated sewage is appeared that upgrading effects of water quality in Anyang main stream and affluents of Anyang city area, but the practical effects of "Saving Anyang River" could not gained because the water quality of other branches in upstream parts than upstream measuring point of Anyang main stream, Wanggok stream Sanbon stream in Gunpo and Eeiwang cities, was not improved.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2013

Arid areas have a significant problem with water supply due to climate change and high water demand. More than 3,000 years ago, Persians started constructing elaborate tunnel systems called Qanat for extracting groundwater for agriculture and domestic usages in arid and semi-arid areas and dry deserts. In this paper, it has been demonstrated that ancient methods of water management, such as the Qanat system, could provide a good example of human wisdom to battle with water scarcity in a sustainable manner. The purpose of this paper is twofold: Review of old wisdom of Qanat-to review the history of this ancient wisdom from the beginning until now and study the Qanat condition at the present time and to explore why (notwithstanding that there are significant advantages to the Qanat system), it will no longer be used; and suggestions for future water management-to suggest a number of new methods based on new materials and technology to refine and protect Qanats. With these new suggestions it could be possible to refine and reclaim this method of extracting water in arid areas. Also, a new multi-purpose water management model has been introduced based on rainwater infiltration management over the Qanat system as the model can be applied either in dry or wet cities to solve current urban water problems.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 2016

Peak load rate(i.e., maximum daily flow/average daily flow) has not been considered for industrial water demand planning in Korea to date, while area unit method based on average daily flow has been applied to decide capacity of industrial water treatment plants(WTPs). Designers of industrial WTPs has assumed that peak load would not exist if operation rate of factories in industrial sites were close to 100%. However, peak load rates were calculated as 1.10~2.53 based on daily water flow from 2009 to 2014 for 9 industrial WTPs which have been operated more than 9 years(9-38 years). Furthermore, average operation rates of 9 industrial WTPs was less than 70% which means current area unit method has tendency to overestimate water demand. Therefore, it is not reasonable to consider peak load for the calculation of water demand under current area unit method application to prevent overestimation. However, for the precise future industrial water demand calculation more precise data gathering for average daily flow and consideration of peak load rate are recommended.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2014

This paper analyses the economic effects of the water industry on the Korean economy by using Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). The SAM is constructed based on the Input-Output table, National account and Family income and expenditure survey for Korea in 2009. Through the SAM multiplier analysis, I estimate the effects of water investment. As the results, this study has found the followings. i) output multiplier effects of water sector are 5.300~7.741, ii) value added multiplier effects of water sector are 0.685~1.158, iii) income multiplier effects of water sector are 0.511~0.984, iv) redistributed income multiplier effects of water sector are -0.096~0.247. The results indicate that a significant influence on the industrial production and the household income in Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.11-23
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• 2014

The impact and adaption on agricultural water resources considering climate change is significant for reservoirs. The change in rainfall patterns and hydrologic factors due to climate change increases the uncertainty of agricultural water supply and demand. The quantitative evaluation method of uncertainty based on agricultural water resource management under future climate conditions is a major concern. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the vulnerability management technique for agricultural water supply based on a probabilistic and stochastic risk evaluation theory. The objective of this study was to analyse the uncertainty of water resources under future climate change using probability distribution function of water supply in agricultural reservoir and demand in irrigation district. The uncertainty of future water resources in agricultural reservoirs was estimated using the time-specific analysis of histograms and probability distributions parameter, for example the location and the scale parameter. According to the uncertainty analysis, the future agricultural water supply and demand in reservoir tends to increase the uncertainty by the low consistency of the results. Thus, it is recommended to prepare a resonable decision making on water supply strategies in terms of using climate change scenarios that reflect different future development conditions.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develope the water environmental education program using animation and to examine the learning effect of the animation based learning program(ALP) on elementary school students. The program consisted of raising a question in everyday life, history and water, the present condition of water resources, the future of water and mankind, and a view and a measure of water. Following development, it was applied to 127 fifth grade students in Busan. With dividing them into two groups: the controlled group and the experimental one, lessons were executed respectively. After experiencing each class, the experimental groups showed higher recognition on importance of water, water pollution, and insufficiency of water and their attitude toward water was improved affirmatively than the controlled group.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.533-543
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• 2016

Supplying clean and safe water to people is facing both quantitative and qualitative challenges. Due to climate change, access to freshwater becomes increasingly difficult, while pollution from various sources decreases the public trust in water quality. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) which stores and uses surface water in aquifer is receiving attention as a new technology to secure freshwater. Recently, there is a global expansion in the attempt to combine general purification plants and hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) which manages all the process from raw material to consumer for food safety. This research is about an attempt to apply HACCP to the drinking water supply process using MAR to secure both quantity and quality of drinking water. The study site is a MAR plant being constructed in the downstream area of the Nakdong River Basin, South Korea. The incorporation of HACCP with MAR-based water supply system is expected to enhance the safety and reliability of drinking water.