• ALGAE
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2009

Methanol crude extract of the sea grass Zostera marina L. and organic solvent fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) were screened for antioxidant activity (total phenolic contents, DPPH scavenging activity, and reducing power) and antimicrobial activity against three human skin pathogens, two bacteria and a yeast; Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans. Total phenolic contents and 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity were highest in the ethyl acetate fraction with 968.50 $\mu$g gallic acid equivalent per milligram of extract, and ca. 95% scavenging activity on the DPPH radicals at 10 mg $ml^{-1}$. In antimicrobial activity tests, MICs (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of each Zostera marina extract partitioned ranged from 1mg to 8 mg $ml^{-1}$ (extract/ 10% DMSO) against all three human skin pathogens. The MICs of the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were the same with 1 mg $ml^{-1}$ against S. aureus and C. albicans. The ethyl acetate fraction of Z. marina does protect against free radicals and may be used to inhibit the growth of human skin pathogens.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.82-86
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• 2007

포도나무 잎의 메탄올 추출물을 n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol $H_2O$으로 순차적으로 용매분획 하였다. Ethylacetate 분획으로부터 silica gel chromatography와 재결정하여 활성물질을 분리 정제하였다. 이 화합물의 화학구조를 EI-MS의 조각 데이터를 근거로 분석한 결과 betulin으로 구조결정 되었다. 이 화합물이 고추 역병균(Phytophthora capsici), 고추 탄저병균(Colletotrichum acutatum)에 대한 항균활성(in vitro)을 측정한 결과, 100 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$에서 각각 52.1%, 40.8%의 균사생육 억제효과를 보였으나, 잔디 마름병(Rhizoctonia solani) 균의 균사생육 억제 효과는 나타나지 않았다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2010

Rusty root, the browning disease on ginseng, decreases quality and value. Recent studies indicated that endophytic bacteria could be a possible cause of rusty root. Actinomycetes antagonistic to the rusty-root-causing bacteria were isolated from soil. Twenty nine out of 932-isolates of Actinomycetes from soil showed antibacterial activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Pseudomonas veronii an endophytic isolate in ginseng. The strongest antibacterial strain(ATO4O104) was classified based on 16S rDNA sequence. The Actinomycetes strain, ATO4O104, isolated in soil of USA volcano national park was identified as Streptomyces adephospholyticus. To test plant toxicity, radish seeds were sprouted with the culture of S. adephospholyticus and it did not show any harmful effect. The butanol partition out of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water partions showed the highest antibacterial activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1994

Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory actions of the water extract from Cimicifuga heracleifolia were evaluated in mice and rats. Several criteria were employed to assess the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory actions of Cimicifuga heracleifolia, such as hyaluronidase activity, mediators-induced vascular permeability changes, 48 hour homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) histamine release from mast cells, and the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. To further characterize the active components, the water extract was either extracted with organic solvent or fractionated according to molecular weight, and each fraction was tested for some of anti-allergic parameters. Hyaluronidase activities, both in activating and in activated states, were significantly inhibited by the water extract of Cimicifuga heracleifolia and by some of its subfractions, molecular weight less than 1,000. The water extracts (50~400 mg/kg) significantly inhibited 48 hr homologous PCA and vascular permeability changes induced by chemical mediators (histamine, serotonin, and leukotriene $C_4$) in mice. In the case of histamine-induced vascular permeability changes, more extensive studies were conducted; water extract was either fractionated according to molecular weight or extracted with butanol. Anti-histamine actions were observed only from the water layer, and these active components were of the molecular weight less than 1,000. These anti-allergic actions were observed mainly from mice than from rats. On the other hand, anti-inflammatory actions of the water extract from Cimicifuga heracleifolia were significant in rats.

• 생약학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.357-359
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• 1998

From the n-butanol fraction of the water extract of the seeds of Phaseolus radiatus, two flavonoid C-glycosides were isolated and identified as iso-vitexin (1) and vitexin (2) by spectroscopic methods.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.230.2-231
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• 2003

The seaweed, as source of bio-active substances as well as food, has received much attention in recent years. This study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic and chemopreventive effects of Porphyra tenera (PT) and Enteromorpha linza (EL). The PT and EL extracts from methanol were fractionated to five different types, which are hexane, ethylether, ethylacetate, butanol and water. (omitted)

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2009

본 연구는 일당귀의 생리활성 및 기능성을 검토하기 위하여 in vitro에서 일당귀 에탄올 추출물과 용매별 분획물에 대한 DPPH radical 소거능, 항산화 지수, 아질산염 소거능, linoleic acid에 대한 항산화 효과, 지질과산화 억제 효과를 측정하여 일당귀의 항산화력을 측정하였다. 일당귀 에탄올 추출물을 n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacerate, n-butanol, water로 계통 분획하여 DPPH radical에 대한 자유기 소거능을 측정한 결과 n-hexane 분획이 $39{\mu}g/ml$로 가장 강한 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 Rancimat로 측정한 항산화 지수도 분획 중 n-hexane 분획이 1.73으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 아질산염 소거능에서도 모든 pH에서 n-hexane 분획이 가장 높게 나타났으며, pH 변화에 따른 각 분획의 아질산염 소거 작용은 pH 1.2에서 가장 우수하였다. 지질과산화물 생성 억제 효과는 n-hexane 분획이 87.7%로 가장 높았으나, 양성대조군으로 사용한 BHT의 억제율보다는 낮았다. Linoleic acid에 대한 항산화 효과를 과산화물가로 측정한 결과도 n-hexane의 항산화력이 가장 우수하였고 ethylaceta, chloroform, n-butanol, water 순이었다. 이상의 결과 일당귀 추출물은 항산화 효과를 나타내는 물질을 함유하고 있는 것으로 판단되며, 이 원인물질에 대한 연구가 더 진행되어야 할 것이며, 일당귀 추출물의 in vitro 에서 항산화효능의 우수함을 통해 일당귀의 천연항산화제로서 개발 및 활용성을 기대해 본다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.307-313
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• 1994

We have previously shown that crude water extract of Euonymus alatus (EA) had strong prophylactic effect against chemically induced-and tumor cell implanted-cancer, and that the mechanisms responsible for its antitumor effects were due to nonspecific enhancement of the NK cell activities and the cell mediated immunity. However, it was unknown that any components of crude extract did work so, since it consisted of several components. In this paper, we fractionated the crude watar EA-extract into several fraction such as hexane-, ethylether-, ethyl acetate-, n-butanol- and water soluble-fraction, and screened the immune regulating activities of each fraction by the evaluation of lymphokine production and activated lymphocyte proliferation. As a result of the component fraction of EA-extract, it was found that n-butanol fraction was a potent immunostimulator, and the remained water soluble fraction also contained some stimulator, But, other fraction did not showed any remarkable effect. It is therefore suggested that EA-glycosides in n-butanol fraction may be new one of the potent biological response modifiers. The present study was also undertaken in an efforts to investigate the effects of elm-bark(EB, Ulmus clavidiana var japonica), which has been used for curing ulcer and inflammation as a folk medicine without any kind of experimental evidence to support this, on the cellular- and humoral-immune responses, lymphocyte function and NK cell activities in mice. Regardless of time and duration of EB-treatment, Arthus reaction and antibody response to SRBC were not modified by EB, but delayed hypersensitivity to SRBC was significantly enhanced only when EB was treated prior to SRBC-sensitization. EB slightly inhibited the proliferation responses of splenocytes to PHA-stimulation, but it significantly augmented the responses of these cells to S aureus Cowan 1 and Con A-activation, and these effects were manifested only when EB was added at culture initiation. EB did not influence Ig secretion of spleen cells but it significantly augmented the Con A-induced 1L 2 and MIF production of splenocytes. NK cell activities of splenocytes were markedly riled when effector cells were pretreated with EB and this augmentation was dine to the increase of binding affinity of effector cells to target cells and the target cell lytic activities of effector cells. These results led to the conclusion that EB triggers increase of cellular immune responses, such as delayed hypersensitivitiy, lymphokine production and NK cell activities. Also these results suggested that EB contains potent immune stimulants, which may provide the rational basis for their therapeutic use as one of the new biological response modifiers.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2010

Fish oil에 대한 유근피 및 유백피 추출물의 과산화물가를 측정한 결과 유근피는 모든 용매의 추출물에 대해 항산화 작용이 높게 나타났다. 0.1% 추출물 첨가구 모두 저장 6시간에는 30 meq/Kg을 보인 후 최종 18시간까지 40 meq/Kg이하의 과산화물가를 보여 저장 시간이 증가해도 산화 억제효과가 높게 나타났다. 0.05%의 경우 부탄올과 메탄올 추출물은 상업용 항산화제와 비교할 때 유사한 항산화 효과를 나타내었다. 유백피는 0.1% 첨가군에서 물, 부탄올 추출물이 가장 항산화 효과가 우수하였다. 금속이온 첨가에 따른 각 추출물의 항산화 효과는 유근피의 경우, 메탄올과 부탄올 추출물 0.1% 첨가군이 산화 억제효과가 높게 나타났다. 유백피는 에탄올 추출물이 가장 우수한 항산화 효과를 나타내었으며, 저장 시간 동안의 과산화물가의 변화는 거의 나타나지 않았다. Perilla oil에서는 천연 항산화제인 $\alpha$-tocopherol의 항산화능이 전혀 나타나지 않았으나, BHT는 항산화 효과가 나타났다. 유근피 0.2% 첨가군에서 메탄올, 부탄올 추출물군은 거의 산화가 진행되지 않아 가장 항산화력이 우수하였다. 유백피 역시 0.2% 메탄올 추출물에서 높은 항산화력을 나타났다. 금속이온 첨가에 의해서는 모든 추출물 중 유백피 0.2% 메탄올 추출물이 가장 우수하였다. Lard에서는 각 용매 추출물 농도별 (0.05, 0.1%) 첨가군에 따른 각 추출물간의 항산화 효과에 따른 차이는 크지 않았으며. 금속이온 첨가에서도 0.05, 0.1% 첨가에 따른 차이는 크지 않았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.787-790
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• 2011

본 연구는 간암세포 HepG2의 증식을 억제하고 세포 사멸을 유도하는 천연소재 발굴을 목적으로, 산겨릅나무 분획 추출물을 이용하여 간암세포 HepG2의 증식에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 간암세포의 생존율에 분획별 추출물이 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 분획물을 24시간, 48시간 동안 농도별로 처리하여 살아있는 세포를 계수한 결과 24시간 처리 시 모든 분획에서 농도 의존적으로 유의하게 생존율이 감소하였으며 유기용매 분획물들이 수용성 용매 추출물보다 높은 생육 억제 활성을 보였다. 48시간 처리 시에도 같은 경향이 나타났으며 24시간에 비하여 세포 생존율이 비슷하거나 조금 더 감소하였다. MTT assay를 통한 세포 생존 억제율의 측정 결과 BuOH 분획물은 간암세포에 대해 농도 의존적으로 생존 억제율을 증가시켰다. 형광현미경을 이용한 세포형태 관찰에서는 BuOH 분획물의 농도 의존적으로 세포의 형태가 응축되고 무정형으로 세포사멸이 나타나 apoptotic cell의 전형적인 양상을 확인할 수 있었다. Hong 등(10)의 연구에서 산겨릅나무의 추출물 중 ethyl acetat와 butanol 분획에서 뛰어난 항산화성과 항지질과산화 활성이 있음을 밝힌 내용과 Shin 등(11)의 위암, 간암, 폐암 및 유방암 세포 등에서 암세포 생육억제효과의 보고와도 유사한 경향이 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 실험을 통해 산겨릅나무가 간암세포의 성장을 저해하는 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며 앞으로 식용 및 약용자원으로서 활용가능성이 높은 것으로 판단된다.