• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2004

This paper shows the simulation of electric field distribution and removal characteristics of Escherichia coli for water discharge tube with globular $SiO_2$. At the experiments of the removing Escherichia coli used the discharge tube with globular dielectric($SiO_2$), because the electric field is increased when applied voltage is increased, the removed ratio of Escherichia coli was related with increasing of applied voltage. When a passing number of test water in water discharge tube is increased, the removed ratio of Escherichia coli is increased because passing number of territory with electric field is increased. When diameter of globular dielectric($SiO_2$) is increased, the removed time of Escherichia coli was decreased because electric field for dielectric polarization of globular dielectric($SiO_2$) was increased. Also, the removed ratio of Escherichia coli of the water discharge tube with globular dielectric($SiO_2$) was measured higher than the removal ratio of the discharge tube without globular dielectric($SiO_2$)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.68-78
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• 1999

Heat transfer performance is studied for boiling and condensation of R-11 on integral-fin tubes. Nine tubes with trapezoidal integral-fins having fin densities from 748 to 1654fpm and 10,30 grooves and finned tubes with caves of 0.55 and 0.64 mm height respectively are tested. in case of condensation CFC-11 condensates at saturation stat of 32$^{\circ}C$ on the outside surface cooled by inside cooling water flows. And in case of boiling the refrigerant evaporates at a saturation state of 1 bar on the outside tube surface and heat is supplied by hot water which circulates inside of the tube,. The tube having fin transfer coefficient concerns fin tubes with caves show higher valve than low fin tube having find density of 1299fpm and 30grooves. The overall heat transfer coefficient of fin tube with caves is about 5155 W/mK at 2.8m/s of water velocity, The value is abuot 2.7 times higher than plain tube and 1.3 times higher than low fin tube having fin density of 1299fpm and 30 grooves.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.65-65
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• 1999

Heat transfer performance is studied for boiling and condensation of R-11 on integral-fin tubes. Nine tubes with trapezoidal integral-fins having fin densities from 748 to 1654fpm and 10,30 grooves and finned tubes with caves of 0.55 and 0.64 mm height respectively are tested. in case of condensation CFC-11 condensates at saturation stat of 32℃ on the outside surface cooled by inside cooling water flows. And in case of boiling the refrigerant evaporates at a saturation state of 1 bar on the outside tube surface and heat is supplied by hot water which circulates inside of the tube,. The tube having fin transfer coefficient concerns fin tubes with caves show higher valve than low fin tube having find density of 1299fpm and 30grooves. The overall heat transfer coefficient of fin tube with caves is about 5155 W/mK at 2.8m/s of water velocity, The value is abuot 2.7 times higher than plain tube and 1.3 times higher than low fin tube having fin density of 1299fpm and 30 grooves.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2328-2333
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• 2008

The experimental study was carried out to evaluate the heat transfer performance on the shell side of shell-and-plate finned tube heat exchanger with three different tube numbers(9, 13 and 19). Oil flowing on the shell side was cooled by cold water flowing inside the tubes. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger of an oil cooler consisted of one shell pass and two tube passes with the inner tube diameter of 8.82 mm and the tube length of 575 mm. Mass flow rate was varied from 1.2 to $6.0\;m^3/h$ for oil and from 0.6 to $3.0\;m^3/h$ for cold water, respectively. From the experiment of shell-and-plate finned tube heat exchanger, the shell side heat transfer coefficient of heat exchanger with 9 tubes was compared with that of 13 and 19 tubes. It was found that the heat exchanger with 9 plate finned tubes showed more performance of heat transfer than that of 13 and 19 tubes.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.282-291
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• 1998

Heat transfer performance are studied for the turbulent flow of water in 3 smooth tube coils having ratios of coil to tube diameter of 16, 21 and 27, and a corrugated-coiled tube having a ratio of coil to tube diameter of 29, for Reynolds numbers from 8000 to 60000 and is also compared with the limited results available to data. The experiments are carried out for the fully developed turbulent flow of water in tube coils under the condition of uniform heat flux. This work is limited 0 tube coils of R/a between 10 and 30. The tube having a ratio of coil to tube diameter of 27 among the 3 smooth tube coils shows the best heat transfer performance. The performance of coiled tube best transfer performance. The performance of coiled tube with a similar curvature ratio is better for a corrugated-coiled tube(R/a=17) than for a smooth coiled tube(R/a=16). An empirical relation which correlates most of the data within $\pm$25% was also developed. Test result shows that the Nusselt number is found to be affected by a secondary flow due to curvature.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.47-61
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• 1992

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the condensation performance for the horizontal cylindrical heat transfer tube with various fin attached using R-11 vapor. The heat transfer tube used in this study was supplied by SUNG HYUNG METAL CO., LTD. Four different types of heat transfer tubes (plain tube, SH-CYR tube, thermocor tube and thermoexcel tube) were used. Each tube was surrounded by circular acrylate tube, and R-11 gas heated by boiler flows into the acrylate tube. Cooling water counter-flows in heat transfer tubes. Heat transfer coefficient of the plain tube from measured data was compared with those of three other tubes. The results are summarized as follows: 1. As the cooling water temperature decreased, the liquid film of R-11 turned to droplet drop on the top surface of the horizontal tube. 2. Heat transfer coefficient calculated theoretically was higher than that obtained from the experimental data. 3. As far as the condensation concerns the thermocor tube is the highest, the SH-CYR tube is the second, and the thermoexcel tube is the third excluding the plain tube.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.202-208
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• 2015

For a prototype turbine operating under part load conditions, the turbine output is fluctuating strongly, leading to the power station incapable of connecting to the grid. The field test of the prototype turbine shows that the main reason is the resonance between the draft tube vortex frequency and the generator natural vibration frequency. In order to reduce the fluctuation of power output, different measures including the air admission, water admission and adding flow deflectors in the draft tube are put forward. CFD method is adopted to simulate the three-dimensional unsteady flow in the Francis turbine, to calculate pressure fluctuations in draft tube under three schemes and to compare with the field test result of the prototype turbine. Calculation results show that all the three measures can reduce the pressure pulsation amplitude in the draft tube. The method of water supply and adding flow deflector both can effectively change the frequency and avoid resonance, thus solving the output fluctuation problem. However, the method of air admission could not change the pressure fluctuation frequency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.303-309
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• 1999

The fretting wear behaviour of Zircaloy-4 tube used as the fuel rod cladding in PWR nuclear power plants has been investigated at the different test environment, in light water and in air as a function of slip amplitude, normal load, test duration and frequency. Zircaloy-4 tubes were used for both of oscillating and stationary specimens. A fretting wear tester was designed to be suitable for this fretting test. The wear volume and specific wear rate of Zircaloy-4 tube in water were greater than those in air under various slip amplitude. It was found that delaminate debris and surface cracks were observed at low slip amplitude and high load in water Experimental results showed that the light water accelerated the wear of Zircaloy-4 tube at low slip amplitude in fretting.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 1999

The fretting wear behaviour of Zircaloy-4 tube used as the fuel rod cladding in PWR nuclear power plants has been investigated at the different test environment, in light water and in air as a function of slip amplitude, normal load, test duration and frequency. Zircaloy-4 tubes were used for both of oscillating and stationary specimens. A fretting wear tester was designed to be suitable for this fretting test. The wear volume and specific wear rate of Zircaloy-4 tube in water was greater than those in air under various slip amplitude. Delaminates and surface cracks were observed at low slip amplitude and high load of fretting test in water, but the traces of adhesion and plowing were observed at and above 200 Um. The water accelerates the wear of Zircaloy-4 tube at lower slip amplitude in fretting.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.439-446
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• 2016

In 2015, a fin tube (Cu-Ni 70/30 alloy) of package type heat exchanger for navy vessel was perforated through the wall which led to refrigerant leakage. This failure occurred after only one year since its installation. In this study, cause of the failure was determined based on available documents, metallographic studies and computational fluid dynamics simulation conducted on this fin tube. The results showed that dimensional gap between inserted plastic tube and inside wall of fin tube is the cause of the swirling turbulent stream of sea water. As a result of combination of swirling turbulence and continuing collision of hard solid particles in sea water, erosion corrosion has begun at the end of inserted plastic tube area. Crevice corrosion followed later in the crevice between the outer wall of plastic tube and inner wall of fin tube. It was found that other remaining tubes also showed the same corrosion phenomena. Thorough inspection and prompt replacement will have to be accomplished for the fin tubes of the same model heat exchanger.