• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.93-103
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• 1980

A small domestic solar water heating system in thermosyphonic flow was tested in Seoul. The system consisted of four flat plate aluminium roll bond type collectors of total effective area $3.28m^2$ and a $280{\iota}$ storage tank. It was tilted $52^{\circ}$ relative to the horizon. And the collector plate, collector tube and storage tank were equiped with 14 thermocouples. As the results, the following facts were found; 1) To provide water at $55^{\circ}C$ for a family of four in Seoul, a collector area of $3-4m^2$ and a storage capacity of $180{\iota}- 200{\iota}$ are suggested. And this system can supply hot water at above $45^{\circ}C$ day about. 2) In the late afternoon hours, it might be advantageous to stop the flow in the system as heat losses to the environment increase unduly. 3) Without any hot water consumption throughout the day, water temperature distributions inside the storage tank was found almost linear. This indicates essentially no mixing inside the storage tank. 4) In case of a small domestic solar water heating system, it is better to employ a single transparent cover rather than double one.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.567-576
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• 2021

최근 국내에서는 기후변화로 인해 수자원의 안정적인 확보가 위협받고 있으며, 그 대안으로 기존 수공시설물을 활용한 추가 수자원 확보를 추진하고 있다. 그러나, 이를 위한 댐 시설물의 재평가 및 연계운영을 통한 용수공급능력 확보는 대부분 다목적댐 및 용수공급댐을 중심으로 검토되어 발전용댐을 대상으로 한 분석 연구는 상대적으로 미흡하다. 특히 발전용댐의 특성을 고려한 정확한 용수공급능력 산정 기법이 요구되고 있으나, 그에 앞서 수력발전에 목적을 둔 발전용댐의 저류특성을 먼저 파악할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 발전용댐의 저류용량, 저류활동빈도, 용수공급기여도 등의 저류특성을 고려하여 발전용댐의 유형을 구분하는 방안과 판단 기준을 제안하고, 북한강수계 발전용댐을 대상으로 그 적용 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구 결과는 발전용댐의 정확한 저류특성 파악과 함께, 향후 발전용댐 특성에 적합한 용수공급능력 평가 체계 및 운영방안 마련에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.554-566
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• 2018

The rice husk contains nutrients which can be easily utilized by microorganisms, and also has a water retaining ability, which played a crucial part in enabling it to become a biofilter media. In this study, we evaluated the applicability of rice husk pellet bio-scrubber as a microbiological carrier. The pelletization experiment of rice husk as a biological media was performed using PVA and EVA binder. Also, the feasibility tests of rice husk as a biological media for odor removal were carried out in order to know whether rice-husk contains useful components as a media for microbiological growth or not. Lastly, a combined test for odor gas absorption and biological oxidation was conducted using a lab scale bio-filter set-up packed with rice-husk pellets as wet-scrubber. The major components of the rice husk were carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, while carbon acted as the main ingredient which comprised up to 23.00%. The C : N : P ratio was calculated as 45 : 1 : 2. Oxygen uptake rate, yield and decay rate of the rice husk eluent was calculated to be $0.0049mgO_2/L/sec$, 0.24 mgSS/mgCOD and 0.004 respectively. The most stable form of rice husk pellets was produced when the weight of the rice husk, EVAc, PVAc, and distilled water was 10 : 2 : 0.2 : 10. The prepared rice husk pellets had an apparent density of 368 g/L and a porosity of 59.00% upon filling. Dry rice husks showed high adsorption capacity for ammonia gas but low adsorption capacity for hydrogen sulfide. The bio-filter odor removal column filled with rice husk pellets showed more than 99.50% removal efficiency for NH3 and H2S gas. Through the analysis of circulation water, the prime removal mechanism is assumed to be the dissolution by water, microbial nitrification, and sulfation. Finally, it was confirmed that the microorganisms could survive well on the rice husk pellets, which provided them a stable supply of nutrients for their activity in this long-term experiment. This adequate supply of nutrients from the rice husk enabled high removal efficiency by the microorganisms.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

The evaporative desalination system using solar thermal energy would be the efficient and attractive method to get fresh water from brine due to low carbon dioxide generation. In this research the solar desalination system as a heating source of refrigerant R123 in the evaporator was considered. The circulation of refrigerant in the evaporator can reduce the energy consumption of the system, because of using the latent heat of the refrigerant 123 instead of the sensible heat of present hot water. The system was comprised of the single-stage fresh water production unit on the capacity of 1ton/day with shell and tube type evaporator, heaters instead of solar collector to supply the proper heat to refrigerant, and refrigerant and brine circulation systems. Various operating flowrate and temperature ranges were varied in the experiments to get the optimum design data. The results showed that the optimum flow rate of brine feed rate to evaporator was 1.2Liter/min, and the yield of fresh water was increased as higher temperature of feed brine. It was confirmed that the circulation flowrate of heating source of refrigerant was decrease of one fifth of the present warm water system, and very efficient system for solar desalination.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.48-54
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• 1998

Korea becomes one of the countries which suffer from water shortage. It is expected that its water shortage in the early 2000's will be more than 10% of the annual demand. The shortage problem is more serious in the coastal areas where many industry complex locate. To solve the shortage problem, seawater desalination gets more attention as an alternative water supply source since Korea is surrounded by sea on its three sides. For potential application of seawater desalination in Korea, an economic analysis was conducted using cost data for the plants in the Middle Ease areas, The United states and others. The study is to provide a basis for the government to establish a strategy for promoting seawater desalination in Korea. It is discussed that the Reverse Osmosis (RO) process gets cheaper over times than the thermal processes of Multi-stage Flash Distillation (MSF) and Multi Effect Distillation (ME), especially in case where the capacity is less than about 50,000 ton/day. The unit cost of RO seawater is analyzed about US$1.35/ton in 1990 price. Since the Desalination plant can be operated regardless of weather conditions, industries in Korea's coastal areas which suffer from frequent droughts and water shortages are recommended to look into this option with more attention.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2006

Flooding situation of Sutak basin was simulated and simulation seemed to be consistent with the real flooding situation in terms of high water levels and timings of flooding. The flood simulation model was used to evaluate alternatives to mitigate flooding problems in Sutak basin. From the evaluation of flood mitigation plans, it was found that combined operation of Sutak and Inchang pumping stations through partial diversion of inflow of Sutak pumping station to Inchang pumping station was the most effective one among the suggested mitigation plans. About 500 meter diversion channel will be needed to send 30% of Sutak pumping station inflow to Inchang pumping station. This will reduce overload of Sutak pumping station and the storage capacity of Inchang pumping station will be more efficiently utilized.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2011

According to the standards for district heating substation established by Korea District Heating Corporation, water heating supply systems at over 150 Mcal/h capacity must employ the 2-stage heat exchanger that improves the system efficiency by reusing the heat included in the return water of district heating system already used for space heating. In this paper, the operating characteristics of the system in accordance with the load distribution of two heat exchangers for pre-heating and re-heating cold city water are investigated. The results including mass flow rate, return temperature etc. help to manage district heating system economically.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.141-144
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• 2006

절수관개에 따른 벼농사 물수지 및 생육특성을 구명하여 관개수 효율성과 생산성을 개선하고자 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 벼 생육기간 동안 관개용수량은 관행 대비 수분포화에서 8%, 포장용수량(실금이 갈 때 관개) 상태와 토양균열(토양균열후 5일에 관개)에서 18% 절감되었다. 나. 관개방법별 출수기는 같았고 절수재배시 관행관개 대비 간장은 짧고 수수는 적었다. 다. 쌀 수량은 관행관개 대비 수분포화는 비슷하였고, 포장용수량 상태는 7%, 토양균열은 13%가 감수되었다. 라. 절수재배시 현미의 완전립 비율은 낮았고, 아밀로스 함량은 높았다. 따라서 가뭄이 지속되어 관개수가 부족할 경우에 최소한 관개용수량은 같으면서 수량 감소가 적은 포장용 수량 상태 정도는 유지할 수 있게 관개하여야 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.725-733
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• 2019

샌드댐(Sand dam)은 계곡하천을 가로지르는 보에 의해 모래가 쌓이고 그 공극속으로 계곡수가 저장되어 수위가 높아지면서 가뭄때 보조 수자원으로 활용토록 하는 구조물이다. 주로 아프리카 지역 등 건조지역에서 활용되는 이 구조물은 우리나라에는 설치된 사례가 없으며 계곡토석류를 방지하는 일부 사방댐에서 취수를 하는 경우는 찾아볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 춘천 서상리 계곡부를 대상으로 기존 취수보 하류부에 샌드댐을 설치하였을 때 물공급 효과를 평가하고자 한다. 이를 위해 유역수문모형과 저수지 추적 모형을 연계한 모델링을 수행하였으며 샌드댐의 규모와 취수량 등에 따른 댐체 내의 수위, 저류량, 방류량의 변화를 케이스별로 제시하였다. 적용 결과 샌드댐 설치로 인한 물공급 능력이 95% 신뢰도에서 제고되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 하루 50톤의 물공급을 목표로 하였을 경우 L × B × H_o = 25 m × 15 m × 1 m 규모로 설치하고, 상류 취수보와 하류 샌드댐 취수량을 (Q₁, Q₂) = (30, 20), (35, 15) ㎥/day로 운영할 때가 가장 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.71-94
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• 2003

The purpose of this dissertation is to build a development density control model and estimate optimum developmental density level for a sustainable urban growth management. To develop the model, system dynamics modeling approach was used. The model was developed to analyze how urban growth, transition, and decay occur depending on the interaction among population, houses, industry structure, land and urban infrastructure such as road, water supply, and sewage treatment facilities. The model was applied to Anyang city to estimate optimum density level. Extensive computer simulation was conducted to find out the maximum numbers of population, industry structure, houses, and cars that can be adequately sustained with the current Anyang city's infrastructure capacity. The computer simulation result shows that the city is overpopulated by some 90,000 people. It nab analyzed that 20％ increase of existing capacity of urban infrastructure is necessary to support current population of Anyang city. To reduce the population to the adequate level whereby the current urban infrastructure can sustain, the current city regulation on floor area ratio needs be strengthened at least 20％ to 35%.