• 상하수도학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2022

Mangyeong River and Dongjin River are highly dependent on external regions for domestic and agricultural water, and the agricultural water supply and use system of those rivers are very complicated. For smooth water supply, rivers are used as a supply system. Of the total river water use permits (as of 2019), agricultural water accounts for 97.5%, 80.4% in Mangyeong River and Dongjin River, respectively. The excessive intake of river water as agricultural purpose is causing the stream to dry out and to deteriorate the ecological health of the river. It is necessary to minimize the water use system that takes in and utilizes river water. In both rivers, the flow rate of agricultural drainage and the load of major water quality items that flowing into the main stream are similar to or higher than those of the major tributaries, indicating that management is necessary to improve the water quality of the river. It is necessary to understand the effect of agricultural drainage on river water quality by establishing a continuous monitoring system for the form of agricultural drainage.

• 청정기술
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.39-54
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 경상남도 지역의 지하수 수질 특성을 파악하고 효과적인 지하수 관리를 위한 기초적인 자료를 제공하기 위하여 지하수수질측정망 자료를 이용하여 심도와 지질별로 분석하였다. 토양지하수정보시스템의 배경수질전용측정망을 통하여 2013년부터 2017년까지 5년 동안의 503 세트 자료를 수집하였다. 총대장균군과 몇 극소량 존재하는 항목 즉 수은, 페놀 등을 제외한 수질매개변수는 심도와 지질에 따라 유의하거나 아주 유의하였다. 심도가 깊어짐에 따라 pH와 전기전도도는 증가하였고, 수온, 용존산소 산화물 환원 전위, 비소, 총대장균군 그리고 탁도는 감소하였고, 먹는물 수질 부적합율은 낮아졌다. 양이온과 음이온의 농도 합은 쇄설성퇴적암에서 가장 높았고 변성암에서 가장 낮았다. 먹는물 수질 부적합율은 변성암에서 가장 높았고 쇄설성퇴적암, 미고결퇴적물, 그리고 관입화성암 순이었다. 상층관정과 쇄설성퇴적암의 일부 지점에서 외부 오염물질에 의한 오염의 가능성을 의미하는 Na-Cl 수질특성을 보였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2009

The previous study developed the Filter-Disinfection-Adsorption (FDA) system to provide clean irrigation water for greenhouse cultivation as well as convenience water to farmers. In this study, the field examination was undertaken to assess performance of the FDA system. The field application was made in the suburb of Daegu, one of the large city in Korea. The study area located near by down-stream of Gum-Ho river is suffering low irrigation water quality problems with no water supply service facilities. Four water quality parameters including Suspended Solid (SS), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), coliform, and turbidity were selected to test the purification performance of FDA system. Also in order to improve the system, this study investigated the defects of using the FDA system through field monitoring. As results, it was found that this system can be used to supply good quality of irrigation water for greenhouse cultivation and also provide convenience water to farmers in the field areas of no water supply services.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2021

Water quality prediction is essential for the proper management of water supply systems. Increased suspended sediment concentration (SSC) has various effects on water supply systems such as increased treatment cost and consequently, there have been various efforts to develop a model for predicting SSC. However, SSC is affected by both the natural and anthropogenic environment, making it challenging to predict SSC. Recently, advanced machine learning models have increasingly been used for water quality prediction. This study developed an ensemble machine learning model to predict SSC using the XGBoost (XGB) algorithm. The observed discharge (Q) and SSC in two fields monitoring stations were used to develop the model. The input variables were clustered in two groups with low and high ranges of Q using the k-means clustering algorithm. Then each group of data was separately used to optimize XGB (Model 1). The model performance was compared with that of the XGB model using the entire data (Model 2). The models were evaluated by mean squared error-ob servation standard deviation ratio (RSR) and root mean squared error. The RSR were 0.51 and 0.57 in the two monitoring stations for Model 2, respectively, while the model performance improved to RSR 0.46 and 0.55, respectively, for Model 1.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1305-1312
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• 2006

본 연구는 하천유황 모니터링을 위하여 유비쿼터스 기반의 무선통신기술 인프라를 이용하여 개발한 하천정보 수집용 계측시스템에 관한 것이다. 이 시스템은 사용자에 의하여 자유이동하면서 하천의 수심, 수질 및 유속(유량)을 실시간으로 관측 및 모니터링 할 수 있도록 하였다. 개발된 하천부이 시스템은 하천의 수위, 수질(수온, pH, 탁도, 전도도 등) 자료를 획득함과 동시에 획득 장소의 위치정보를 획득할 수 있도록 GPS 모듈을 추가하였다. 또한 이 하천부이는 무선RF 조정이 가능하여 원하는 위치에서의 정보를 손쉽게 획득할 수 있도록 하였다. 획득된 자료는 자료 중계기(Gateway system)의 Zigbee 무선통신을 이용하여 전송하게 하였으며, GIS 모니터링 툴을 이용하여 자료를 확인하고, 확인된 자료는 CDMA 원거리 무선통신을 이용하여 서버컴퓨터로 전송할 수 있게 하였다. 서버컴퓨터에 전송된 하천의 정보는 DB 자동구축과 함께 웹기반의 실시간 모니터링이 가능하도록 하였다. 연구개발 결과는 독립적인 하천정보 모니터링 시스템으로 활용 가능할 뿐만 아니라 하천교량 세굴과 그 밖의 호수 및 해양 환경 모니터링 시스템 등으로 국내외에 많은 분야에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.994-999
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• 2010

The toxin of Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) during summer season has been a problem and early prevention should be considered. A variety of methods can be used to forecast algal blooms and this study aims at examining feasibility of chlorophyll-a. The real-time data were collected by automatic water quality monitoring system (AWQMS) in Daecheong reservoir and invalid data were sorted by experts. And then, the sorted data were filled using linear interpolation. When the concentration of chlorophyll-a increased by $15mg/m^3$, water temperature and pH exceeded $26.8^{\circ}C$ and 9.5 respectively. As a result of correlation between chlorophyll-a and other parameters(i.e. water quality items and hydrological data), temperature (r=0.502 - 0.574), pH (r=0.583 - 0.681), total organic carbon (TOC, r=0.583 - 0.681) comparably had higher values. Meanwhile, the data around a day or two showed the highest correlation. In addition, chlorophyll-a is considered to be significantly effected by precipitation and inflow.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제32권E호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1990

Abstract Over the last several decades, crop production in the United States increased largely due to the extensive use of animal waste and fertilizers as plant nutrient supplements, and pesticides for crops pests and weed control. Without the application of animal waste best management, the use of animal waste can result in nonpoint source pollution from agricultural land area. In order to increase nutrient levels and decrease contamination from agricultural lands, nonpoint source pollution is responsible for water quality degradation. Nonpoint source pollutants such as animal waste, ferilizers, and pesticides are transported primarily through runoff from agricultural areas. Nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, can be a major water quality problem because they cause eutrophic algae growth. In 1985, it was presented that Watershed/Water Quality Monitoring for Evaluation BMP Effectiveness was implemented for Nomini Creek Watershed, located in Westmoreland County, Virginia. The watershed is predominantly agricultural and has an aerial extent of 1505 ha of land, with 43% under cropland, 54% under woodland, and 3% as homestead and roads. Rainfall data was collected at the watershed from raingages located at sites PNI through PN 7. Streams at stations QN I and QN2 were being measured with V-notch weirs. Water levels at the stream was measured using an FW-l Belfort (Friez FWl). The water quality monitoring system was designed to provide comprehensive assessment of the quality of storm runoff and baseflow as influenced by changes in landuse, agronomic, and cultural practices ill the watershed. As this study was concerned with the Nomini Creek Watershed, the separation of storm runoff and baseflow measured at QNI and QN2 was given by the master depletion curve method, and the loadings of baseflow and storm runoff for TN (Total Nitrogen) and TP (Total Phosphorus) were analyzed from 1987 through 1989. The results were studied for the best management practices to reduce contamination and loss of nutrients, (e.g., total nitrogen and total phosphorus) by nonpoint source pollution from agricultural lands.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2020

Tributary is a part of life space for people and a very important place that accommodates rest recreation and other daily activities. absolutely insufficient basic data about water quality and flow rate are available for basin management. Efficient water and basin management systems, which are also supported by local residents can be established by securing such basic data of major tributaries in the Nakdong river system. In this study, the fluctuation characteristics of upstream and downstream water pollution levels were compared using the measurement results of the water environment measurement network and the tributary monitoring project for the gyeseong-stream and Hwapo-stream in the Nakdong-miryang watershed. In 2017, when water pollution is the highest, it was confirmed that the annual average rainfall was the lowest. Although the upstream and downstream water quality tendencies of the Gyeseong-stream are similar, the water quality concentrations of the Gyeseong-stream are relatively different. But although the Hwapo stream has various causes of pollution, there was not much difference in the level of pollution between the upper and lower streams. In addition, both rivers need the ability to purify rivers by securing sufficient water for river maintenance, and if the correlation between water quality items can be inferred through continuous monitoring of tributaries where the aspect of water quality change is unclear, water quality management Determined to be efficient operation.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2005

One of the major obstacles confronted in promoting the rainwater harvesting is the concerns of acid rain and heavy metals. Although there are many data concerning the quality of rainwater precipitation for the study of acid rain, the study on the quality of stored rainwater has been limited. In this study, we monitored the quality of stored rainwater at Galmoe middle school, where a rainwater harvesting system is installed and in use for more than two years. We measured water quality parameters such as pH, Electro Conductivity(EC), Dissolved Oxygen(DO), and some metals (aluminium (Al), chromium(Cr), manganese(Mn), zinc(Zn), copper(Cu), arsenic(As), cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb)). The monitoring period was during one year from September 9th 2003 to August 5th 2004. It was observed that the average pH of stored rainwater is neutral. DO is similar to tap water and EC is lower than tap water. Metal Concentrations are within the concentration specified in Drinking Water Quality Standard. Overall, the stored rainwater quality is good enough for sundry use and there's no threat of acid rain and air pollution, if the rainwater harvesting system is well designed and maintained.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.247-259
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• 2008

The utilization of a variety of hazard chemicals bears risks to human health and ecosystem. The increasing usage of various chemicals indicates the greater emission of those chemicals to water system, and the subsequent deterioration of water quality. Water system is vulnerable to many pollutants, however, there are limitations of managing a range of hazard chemicals based on insufficient legal foundations. Therefore it is needed to select hazard chemicals that can be potentially discharged into water system, and subsequently to classify a wide range of existing chemicals for better management of those chemicals. In this study, the 259 candidate chemicals of concern were selected from the lists of the toxic released inventory chemicals (148), hazard concern candidate chemicals (106), and wastewater effluent standard candidate chemicals (116). We suggested the category 1, 2, 3 and 4 of hazard chemicals potentially discharged into water system. The assessment factors considered for the classification were hazard potential, persistence and emission to water body. This work was conducted as a part of the project entitled 'Development of integrated methodology for evaluation of water environment', and the results were used to develop the monitoring lists of hazard chemicals in four major rivers in Korea.