• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.908-912
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• 2006

임하호 유역은 지질 및 지형이 토사유실에 취약한 구조를 가지고 있어 강우발생시 많은 토사가 호소로 유입되어 고탁수의 원인이 되고 있다. 특히 임하호유역의 농경지가 주로 하천주변에 분포하고 있어 강우시 토사유실로 인한 탁수발생이 큰 지역이다. 따라서, 탁수저감을 위한 수변구역의 체계적인 관리와 대책 마련을 위해서는 수변구역에서 발생하는 토사유실량의 영향을 평가하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 GIS 기반 RUSLE 모형을 선정하여 수변구역에서의 토사유실 비율을 평가한 결과 약 12.23%로서 임하호 전체유역과의 면적비율(9.95%) 보다 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 수변구역 주변의 농경지비율(27.24%)이 전체유역에 대한 농경지비율(14.96%) 보다 높은 특성이 반영된 것으로 해석된다. 또한 소유역별 분석결과를 볼 때 수변구역중 대곡천 유역이 가장 높은 토사유실량 분포를 나타냈으며, 반변천_10 그리고 서시천 순서로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2003

Nonpoint source pollutant loading from watershed may cause a problem to the water quality of the reservoir and stream. The characteristics of stream flow and water quality were monitored to investigate the runoff loading of the Namdae-cheon watershed from May in 1999 to October in 2003. Stage-discharge rating curve at the stream gauging site was established, and annual stream runoff of the study watershed was estimated as 499.4∼1,330.8mm during four years. The concentrations of total-nitrogen and total-phosphorus of stream water quality ranged from 0.76 to 6.95mg/L and from 0.0010 to 0.2276 mg/L, respectively, where T-N was generally higher than the water quality standard 1.0 mg/L for agricultural water use. The loads by unit generation of pollutant mass with respect to population, livestock, land use in this watershed were calculated. The runoff pollutant loadings by concentrations of total-N and total-P were estimated during study period, where the annual runoff loading of total-P was much less than the load by pollutant mass unit generation. The relations between stream discharge and water quality were analysed, and there was a high correlation for total-N but low for total-P. These results will be used to develop the monitoring techniques and water quality management system of agricultural watershed.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.819-832
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• 2012

HSPF model based on BASINS was applied for the Hwaseong Reservoir watershed (HRW) to evaluate the feasibility of water quality management. The watershed was divided into 45 sub-basins considering various watershed environment. Streamflow was calibrated based on the measured meteorological data, discharge data of treatment plants and observed streamflow data for 2010 year. Then the model was calibrated against the field measurements of water qualities, including BOD, T-N and T-P. In most cases, there were reasonable agreements between observed and predicted data. The validated model was used to analyze the characterization of pollutant load from study area. As a result, Non-point source pollutant loads during the rainy season was about 66~78% of total loads. In rainy-season, water quality parameters depended on precipitation and pollutant loads patterns, but their concentration were not necessarily high during the rainy season, and showed a decreasing trend with increasing water flow. As another result of evaluation for load duration curves, in order to improve water qualities to the satisfactory level, the watershed managements considering both time-variant and pollution sources must be required in the HRW. Overall, it was found that the model could be used conveniently to assess watershed characteristics and pollutant loads in watershed scale.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권2D호
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• pp.335-340
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• 2006

임하호 유역은 지질 및 지형이 토사유실에 취약한 구조를 가지고 있어 강우발생시 많은 토사가 호소로 유입되어 고탁수의 원인이 되고 있다. 특히 임하호유역의 농경지가 주로 하천주변에 분포하고 있어 강우시 토사유실로 인한 탁수발생이 큰 지역이다. 따라서, 탁수저감을 위한 수변구역의 체계적인 관리와 대책 마련을 위해서는 수변구역에서 발생하는 토사유실량의 영향을 평가하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 GIS 기반 RUSLE 모형을 선정하여 수변구역에서의 토사유실 비율을 평가한 결과 약 12.23%로서 임하호 전체유역과의 면적비율(9.95%) 보다 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 수변구역 주변의 농경지비율(27.24%)이 전체유역에 대한 농경지비율(14.96%) 보다 높은 특성이 반영된 것으로 해석된다. 또한 소유역별 분석결과를 볼 때 수변구역중 대곡천 유역이 가장 높은 토사유실량 분포를 나타냈으며, 반변천_10 그리고 서시천 순서로 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.175-189
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• 2021

In this study, 48 streams in the Sapgyo Watershed were selected, and the Load Duration Curves (LDC) were drawn up for each stream using water quality and flow monitoring over the last three years (2018-2020), and it was evaluated whether the target water quality was achieved for each flow section. As a result of evaluating whether or not the target water quality exceeded according to the LDC, it was found that 22 rivers exceeded the target water quality. Five rivers exceeded the target water quality due to point pollutant sources, 13 rivers exceeded the target water quality due to non-point pollutant sources, and 4 rivers exceeded the target water quality due to both point and non-point pollutant sources. Among the rivers that exceeded the target water quality due to point pollutant sources, which included domestic sewage of the untreated population, there is a need to reduce the influx of polluted loads by the untreated population. The use of eco-friendly fertilizers is recommended for rivers with a relatively high farmland ratio among rivers exceeding the target water quality due to non-point pollutant sources, and installation of boiling point reduction facilities that can reduce the amount of polluted load introduced during rainfall or manage water shores. In rivers with a large number of livestock breeding heads, the livestock houses located in these rivers need to be preferentially transferred to livestock manure treatment plants. Due to the high ratio of land area because of urbanization, initial rainwater treatment facilities are required to reduce the amount of pollutant load flowing into the river through the impermeable layer during rainfall.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1045-1053
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• 2015

This study evaluated the effect of water level of water resources on water quality in Ulsan. Two reservoirs, Sayeon Dam and Hoeya Dam, were selected and water quality of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were analyzed from 2012 to 2014. And the characteristics of precipitation were also analyzed for 70 years (1945~2014) because runoff of non-point pollutant was strongly affected by precipitation. As a result, water deterioration of Sayeon Dam and Hoeya Dam were affected in accordance with lowering water level. For example, the concentrations of COD and TN was negatively correlated with the water level when the water level of Sayeon Dam was gradually decreased in 2013. The TN concentration was increased to 1.432 mg/L from 0.875 mg/L while the lowest water level of Sayeon Dam was recorded 45 m in 2014. Additionally the concentration of COD and TN was sensitively increased with 0.213 mg/L/m and 0.058 mg/L/m on account of non-point pollutant runoff. It is indicated that hereafter a control of non-point pollutant runoff is the critical factors to maintain water resources because the contribution of non-point pollutant is expected to increase due to the frequent heavy rain events. Therefore, it is necessary to map out a specific plan for non-point pollutant control based on analyses of runoff characteristics, water pollution sources and reduction plans in water pollutants and to establish a water modelling and database system as a preventive action plan.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2014

In this study, regression equation was analyzed to estimate non-point source (NPS) pollutant loads in orchard area. Many factors affecting the runoff of NPS pollutant as precipitation, storm duration time, antecedent dry weather period, total runoff density, average storm intensity and average runoff intensity were used as independent variables, NPS pollutant was used as a dependent variable to estimate multiple regression equation. Based on the real measurement data from 2008 to 2012, we performed correlation analysis among the environmental variables related to the rainfall NPS pollutant runoff. Significance test was confirmed that T-P ($R^2=0.89$) and BOD ($R^2=0.79$) showed the highest similarity with the estimated regression equations according to the NPS pollutant followed by SS and T-N with good similarity ($R^2$ >0.5). In the case of regression equation to estimate the NPS pollutant loads, regression equations of multiplied independent variables by exponential function and the logarithmic function model represented optimum with the experimented value.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2019

This study was conducted to analyse the application of pollutant build-up model on various urban landuses and to characterize pollutant build-up on urban areas as a source of stormwater runoff pollution. The monitored data from impervious surfaces in urban areas such as commercial (8 sites), industrial (10 sites), road (8 sites), residential (10 sites), recreational (5 sites) from 2008 to 2016 were used for the analysis of pollutant build-up model. Based on the results, the average runoff coefficients vary from 0.35 to 0.61. In all landuses except recreational landuse, the runoff coefficient is 0.5 or more, which is the highest in the commercial area. Commercial landuse where pollutants occur at the highest EMC in all landuse, and it is considered that NPS management is necessary compared with other landuses. The maximum build-up load for organic matter (BOD) was highest in the commercial area ($4.59g/m^2$), and for particular matter (TSS) in the road area ($5.90g/m^2$) while for nutrient (TN and TP) in the residential area ($0.40g/m^2$, $0.14g/m^2$). The rate constants ranged from 0.1 to 1.3 1/day depending on landuse and pollutant parameters, which means that pollutant accumulation occurs between 1 and 10 days during dry day. It is clear that these build-up curves can generally be classified based on landuse. Antecedent dry day (ADD) is a suitable and reasonable variable for developing pollutant build-up functions. The pollutant build-up curves for different landuse shows that these build-up curves can be generally categorized based on landuse.

• 물과 미래
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2002

In recent years the human impact on the environment becomes increasing lift threatening, calls for the better management of resources. In field of water quality of river flow, the best way to conserve water quality is specific efforts to control the pollutant loadings and treat the loadings in the basin to reduce the discharge of pollutant loadings to river. But in general the water quality influenced by the dam discharge. Especially in dry season, it is more dominant way to improve the water quality which contaminated with the pollutant loadings from the basin. The dam discharge amounts of the 2 dams in the Keum River that maintain the down stream water quality were estimated for the year of 1999, 2001, 2006, 2011, in case of irrigation and non-irrigation seasons. The pollutant loadings for the basin are estimated with the planning of treatment plants construction schedule for every sub-basins. The river flow rates were considered low flow as 2.33 year low flow and 10 year low flow. The QUAL2E model was used as a tool of simulation.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2003

A hydrologic and water quality monitoring network were established in the Balkan-reservoir watershed, which has 29.79 $km^2$ in size, to analyze the characteristics of pollutant loading from an agricultural small watershed. Soil type, land use, hydrologic soil group, population and livestock were also surveyed to make clear the pollutant sources and to calculate the pollutant loadings by the unit loading factor method which was proposed by the Ministry of Environment. From the 5-year hydrologic monitoring results, sub-watersheds located in the upstream of the reservoirs showed higher average runoff ratio. The calculated daily pollutant loadings by the unit loading factor method from HP#2 sub-watershed in the downstream of Balkan reservoir, were much greater than observed.