• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-57
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• 2009

Objectives : This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of the Hwanso-dan hot water extract & ultra-fine powder on microglia and memory deficit model Methods : The effects of the Hwanso-dan hot water extract on expression of IL-l${\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA and production of IL-l${\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ in BV2 microglial cell line treated by lipopolysacchaide were investigated. The effects of the Hwanso-dan hot water extract & ultra-fine powder on the behavior of the memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine and uric acid & AChE in serum of the memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine were investigated. Results : 1. The Hwanso-dan hot water extract suppressed the expression of IL-l${\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA in BV2 microglial cell line treated by lipopolysacchaide. 2. The Hwanso-dan hot water extract suppressed the production of IL-l${\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ in BV2 microglial cell line. 3. The Hwanso-dan hot water extract & ultra-fine powder decreased uric acid and AChE significantly in the serum of the memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine. 4. The Hwanso-dan hot water extract & ultra-fine powder groups showed significantly inhibitory effect on the scopolamine${\sim}$induced impairment of memory in the experiment of Morris water maze. Conclusions : This experiment shows that the Hwanso-dan hot water extract & ultra-fine powder might be effective for the prevention and treatment of Memory deficit disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the Hwanso-dan hot water extract & ultra-fine powder for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.359-364
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• 2001

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.28-37
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• 2001

The water quality in Yongil Bay is getting worse due to the sewage and the waste water from the surrounding industrial complex. The study aims to simulate the current system that is necessary to build ecosystem model for the optium water quality control and clarify the correlation of current system characteristics with water quality in Yongil Bay. To clarify the characteristics of coastal water movement system and verify the applicability of the 3-D model, the current system was simulated using 3-D model baroclinic model which considers tidal current and density effects. As the results of numerical experiments, it is proved the 3-D model is the most applicable on appearing the current system of the stratificated Yongil Bay difference of density. Form the results of simulation considered tidal current only, it can be clarified that the water body flows in the inner bay through the bottom layer and flows out the outer bay through the surface layer in Yongil Bay. And the fresh water from the Hyongsan river and the thermal discharge form POSCO have a little effect on the current system in Yongil Bay, but the diffusion of heat and salt has an important effect upon the formation of the density stratification of the water quality distribution is closely related with the current structure characteristics as well as the tidal residual current system in Yongil Bay.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.55-68
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• 2008

Background: Microglia produces a barrage of factors (IL-l, TNF-$\alpha$, NO, superoxide) that are toxic to neurons and playa major role in the cellular immune response associated with the pathology of Alzheimer's disease(AD). OJaJiHwangEumJa(OJJHEJ) has been usually used for the treatment of senile disorders. For enhancing efficacy and convenience, the change of the drug delivery device of oriental herbal medicine is required. Objective: This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of the OJJHEJ hot water extract & ultra-fine powder on proinflammatory cytokine of microglia and memory deficit model. Method: The effects of the OJJHEJ hot water extract on production of IL-1$\beta$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$, in BV2 microglial cell line treated by lipopolysacchaide(LPS) were investigated. The effects of the OJJHEJ hot water extract & ultra-fine powder on the behavior of the memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine and AChE in serum of the memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine were investigated. Results: 1. The OJJHEJ hot water extract suppressed the production of IL-1$\beta$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$ in BV2 microglial cell line and the production of IL-6 was suppressed significantly. 2. The OJJHEJ hot water extract & ultra-fine powder decreased AChE significantly in the serum of the memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine. 3. The OJJHEJ hot water extract & ultra-fine powder groups showed significantly inhibitory effect on the scopolamine-induced impairment of memory in the experiment of Morris water maze. Conclusions: This experiment shows that the OJJHEJ hot water extract & ultra-fine powder might be effective for the prevention and treatment of memory impairment diseases. Investigation into the clinical use of the OJJHEJ hot water extract & ultra-fine powder for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.191-196
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• 1997

As a part of International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP), SAXTON critical experiments were reevaluated. The effects on $K_{eff}$ of the uncertainties in experiment parameters, fuel rod characterization, soluble boron, critical water level, core structure, $^{241}$ Am and $^{241}$ Pu isotope number densities, random pitch error, duplicated experiment, axial fuel position, model simplification, etc., were evaluated and added in benchmark-model $k_{eff}$. In addition to detailed model, the simplified model for Saxton critical experiments was constructed by omitting the top, middle, and bottom grids and ignoring the fuel above water.r.r.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2009

In this study, the hydrological properties of permeable pavement were analyzed by the experiment and the numerical simulation. The numerical model used was a modified SWMM especially for considering the hydrological response of permeable pavement. The parameters of modified SWMM were revised by the experimental results, and then the practicability was evaluated through the comparison of the experimental and numerical simulation results. In the experiments, three different rainfall intensities such as 65 mm/hr, 90 mm/hr, 95 mm/hr were supplied for 4 hrs, and the hydraulic properties including surface outflow, subsurface outflow, ground water level, soil water contents were measured for 10 hrs. The results showed rainfall intensity effected directly on surface outflow volume and subsurface outflow volume was more effected by ground water level than rainfall intensity. The ground water level and the soil water contents were under estimated as compared with the experimental data except the portion of occurring direct runoff. The surface and subsurface outflow discharge were simulated very well in comparison with the experimental data. Consequently, the modified SWMM could be used very effectively to evaluate the hydrological property of permeable pavement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2013

This study analyzed the hydraulic characteristics of a venturi flume with a circular cone using a 3-D numerical model which uses RANS(Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equation) as the governing equation. The venturi flume with the circular cone efficiently measures the discharge in the low-flow to high-flow range and offers the advantage of accurate discharge measurements in the case of a low flow. With no influence of the tail-water depth, the stage-discharge relationship and the flow behaviors were analyzed to verify the numerical simulation results. Additionally, this study reviewed the effect of the tail-water depth on the flow. The stage-discharge relationship resulting from a numerical simulation in the absence of an effect by the tail-water depth showed a maximum margin of error of 4 % in comparison to the result of a hydraulic experiment. The simulation results reproduced the overall flow behaviors observed in the hydraulic experiment well. The flow starts to become influenced by the tail-water depth when the ratio of the tail-water depth to the total head exceeds approximately 0.7. As the ratio increases, the effect on the flow tends to grow dramatically. As shown in this study, a numerical simulation is effective for identifying the stage-discharge relationship of a venturi flume with various types of venturi bodies, including a venturi flume with a circular cone.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 1998

It is necessary to calculate the accurate velocity from the hydraulic model for the reliable prediction of water quality changes in water supply system. To verify the hydraulic analysis of the water supply system, fluoride was used as a tracer to calculate the travel time from the injection point to the sampling points. Results from this field experiment indicate that fluoride can be a good conservative tracer while it showed a little longitudinal dispersion along the pipe lines. And the velocity from the model was verified by these travel times and calibrated by changing the ratio of the unaccountable water. When the ratio of the unaccountable water. When the ratio of the unaccountable water was 20%, the error between the estimation of hydraulic model and the real travel time was minimum.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.349-354
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• 2005

Recently, there are many equipment of electricity, electronics, and communication which need to grounding in the building. When the electric current flows into a certain grounding system in the same building, the potential rise of other grounding system is possible to be affected by its potential rise. This potential interference was affected by the surface potential, it is deeply related whit the electrode shape. In this paper, basic formula is deduced on the basis of both electrodes surface potential of grounding electrode in a source of the potential interference and groundidng electrode which receive the potential interference. Therefore the degree of potential interference as multiple groundidng electrode can be verified the simulated results by means of the simple model in advance. This is for investigating the grounding resistance of grounding electrodes, the experiment was performed with model-scale of the grounding system and the scaled model grounding system was to this experiment using a water tank of a stainless steel-hemisphere shape. since mesh electrodes have been widely in the general building, we're tried to analyze that this water tank model and it's simulation as well.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1762-1767
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• 2001

The Posuk-Chung Pavilion if a defunct irregular stone water channel in Kyongju, Korea, once used for the meandering stream feast'by kings of Silla Dynasty during the first millennium. The poets were seated around this stone water channel who composed the Chinese poems, overlooking the streams. They load to take the punishment drinks unless they finished the poem before the drifting cup filled with the rice wine arrived at their seats on the meandering stream. In this paper, we have made computer simulation as well as well as model experiment on the ancient meandering stream of the Posuk-Chung Pavilion. The computational results are compared with the experiment and the channel flow characteristics are delineated here. It is discussed how the present Posuk-Chung channel is morphologically distinguished from the Chinese and Japanese meandering streams.