• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 1997

Hexane, chloroform, methanol and water extracts of Paeoniae Radix were tested on the experimentally induced hypercholesterolemia in rats for lowering effect of serum lipoprotein contents. Hyperlipidemia was induced on male Wistar rats by feeding high cholestetrol diet for 7 days. Serum lipid profile was verified on these rats by measuring total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Then, the diet was changed to normal. At the same time, hexane, chloroform, methanol and water extract of Paeoniae Radix were given orally on daily basis, and the changes in the serum lipid profile were assessed for 4 weeks. Methanol extract of Paeoniae radix decreased TC level at 1, 2, and 4 week point significantly, and water extract decreased TC level at 4 week point significantly comparing with the control group.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.403-409
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• 2004

Onion, licorice, abgelia root, Chinese date, pine needle, and mulberry leaf were used to extract functional components far onion complex drink. No differences were observed between water extraction at room temperature and methanol extraction in electron-donating ability (EDA), thiosulfinate content (TSC), and ascorbic acid content (AAC), whereas water extraction resulted in higher nitrite-scavenging ability at pH 1.2 and 3.0, and lower superoxide dismutase-like ability than methanol extraction. Level of water extracts prepared by hard-boiling for 3 hr at above $100^{\circ}C$ was higher in all functional abilities except TSC than those prepared at room temperature. Optimal conditions for water extraction and storage were $100-120^{\circ}C$ for 6 hr and low-temperature storage, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2001

To study the availability of the Korean Atractylodes japonica Koidz. as ingredients for functional flood, functional properties of solvent extracts were investigated and the results were followed. Yield was 14.8% by ethanol extraction of fresh Korean A. Japonica and 17.7% by water fraction. Acetone extract and butanol fraction showed stronger activity of the hydrogen donating activities, each of 72.9% and 74.2%, respectively, in fresh Korean A. japonica and methanol extract and butanol fraction showed stronger activity of the nitrite scavenging effects, each of 95.0% and 79.2%. in fresh Korean A. japonica. Among the solvent extacts from fresh Korean a. japonica, extract by methanol showed strong antimicrobial activity in which clear zone showed 20 mm for Bacillus subtilis and 19 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Butanol fraction derived from methanol extract showed moderate antimicrobial activity : 18 mm clear zone for Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of methanol extract and butanol fraction were about 2 mg/disc and 4 mg/disc against gram(+) bacteria and 6 mg/disc against gram(-) bacteria, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1057-1061
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• 2002

Effects of modifier and soaking on extraction of triterpenoid saponin (glycyrrhizin) from liquorice were examined using supercritical $CO_2(SC-CO_2)$ at 50 MPa, $60^{\circ}C$, and flow rate of 3 mL/min, and glycyrrhizin content was analyzed by HPLC. Additon of undiluted methanol, ethanol or isopropanol as modifier to $SC-CO_2$ had little influence on extraction yield of glycyrrhizin. Soaking process using water increased the extraction yield as the sample to solvent ratio was increased. Addition of 70% methanol, ethanol or isopropanol to $SC-CO_2$ significantly increased the extraction yields, with 70% methanol resulting in the highest yield. When water at 90% (w/w) of sample weight was used for soaking, the extraction yield and rate increased, 70% ethanol-modified $SC-CO_2$ was almost equal to that obtained using 70% methanol.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.254-260
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• 2015

The effect of the extraction solvent on the physiological properties of the peel of the Korean pear (Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Niitaka) was evaluated. The total phenol content was highest in the 80%(wt) methanol extract, whereas flavonoid content was highest in the 80% ethanol extract. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging abilities, and their reducing power. The water and 80% methanol extracts of the pear peel had highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, and reducing power, respectively. The inhibition of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase was highest in the 80% methanol extract, and alcohol dehydrogenase activity was highest in the water extract. All three extracts had similar antimicrobial activity. Because water, 80% ethanol, and 80% methanol extracts exhibited high activities in different assays of physiological properties, each solvent could be used for specific purposes.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.61-75
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• 2023

Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrate to nitrogen gas using an external carbon source as an electron donor. The external carbon source affects the denitrification performance and bacterial community structure. Although methanol is a cheap and effective external carbon source, the addition of diverse carbon sources may improve the total nitrogen removal rate and biomass characteristics, such as settleability. In this study, denitrifying reactions were performed using solely methanol and mixed carbon sources of methanol, glucose, and acetate in a sequencing batch reactor. The denitrifying reactor using methanol resulted in a total nitrogen removal rate of 0.39 ± 0.025 kg-N/m³-day while the suspended biomass transformed into dark brown granules. Methyloversatilis discipulorum had the highest predominance at 43.84%. The individual denitrifying biomasses, which were separately enriched with methanol, glucose, and acetate, showed the same total nitrogen removal performance of 0.39 ± 0.016 kg-N/m³-day. However, the addition of mixed carbon sources showed an improved total nitrogen removal rate of 0.42 ± 0.043 kg-N/m³-day, with the domination of Candidatus Saccaribacteria at 25.61%. The denitrifying granules turned pale yellow color. Influent COD/NO₃^--N ratios of 3.5, 5, and 7.5 exhibited COD/NO₃^--N consumptions of 4.3 ± 0.4, 4.4 ± 0.8, and 5.2 ± 0.7, and the consistent predominance of Candidatus Saccharibacteria.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2017

This study was to investigate the practicality and functionality of water lily(Nymphaea tetragona) leaves as a natural dye resource while searching for various dyeing methods to utilize them. Effect of dyeing condition including methanol ratio of dyebath, dyeing temperature and time, mordanting method, etc were investigated. Colorants were prepared by extraction in methanol and followed drying process. When composing 30% of methanol in the dyebath, better dyeuptake and uniform dyeing were resulted. Pre-mordanting method gave better results in terms of dye uptake than post-mordanting method on the wool fabrics. Fe and Ti were effective for increasing the dye uptake on the silk fabrics. Depending on mordant type and mordanting method, the dyed fabrics got various color showing green, khaki, brownish yellow, dark brown, dark gray and so on. As for color fastness, the silk fabrics dyed with water lily extract showed relatively high rating in light fastness(3~4, 4~5 rating), washing fastness(4~5, 5 rating), and rubbing fastness(4, 4~5 rating). The silk and wool fabrics dyed with water lily leaves extract showed excellent antimicrobial activity over 98% of bacterial reduction rate against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. It was confirmed that water lily leaves can be used as a natural dye resource for dyeing wool and silk fabrics because its colorants showed excellent affinity and antimicrobial functionality as well as good colorfastness.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2005

Antimicrobial effects of Camellia japonica L. were determined against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes using paper disc method, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were measured. Methanol extract (MEex), water fraction (WAfr), and butanol fraction(BUfr) showed antimicrobial effects against all tested microorganisms, with MEex showing strong antimicrobial effect against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, and WAfr, Bufr, and ethylacetate fraction (EAfr)against S. aureus. No effects were observed in n-hexane fraction (HEfr) and chloroform fraction (CHfr) against all tested microorganisms. All species grown in the medium adding fractions of Camellia Japonica L. leaves extact were inhibited from WAfr and BUfr, repectively.(meaning not clear) MEex showed over 25% inhibitory effect against all tested microorganisms. BUfr showed over 50% inhibitory effect against all microorganisms except L. monocytogenes. EAfr and WAfr showed over 30% effect against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes. MICs of MEex against S. typhimurium and BUfr against S. aureus were 625 g/mL, indicating C. japonica L. extract can exert antimicrobial activity even at low concentration.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.2657-2662
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• 2013

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-g-poly (aniline-co-2,5-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid) (DABSA) reinforced Nafion$^{(R)}$ nanocomposite membranes were prepared and characterized for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The nanocomposite membranes with approximately $90{\mu}m$ thickness were prepared by the water assisted solution casting method. To evaluate the properties of nanocomposite membranes for DMFC applications, the nanocomposite membranes were characterized by methanol and water uptake, thermal stability, and ion exchange capacity (IEC). Furthermore, oxidative stability measurements in terms of the hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate that represent the oxidative stability of the membranes were examined. The methanol uptake values of the nanocomposite membranes were dramatically decreased compared to the cast Nafion$^{(R)}$ membranes. The IEC values of the nanocomposite membranes were increased about 30% compared to the cast Nafion$^{(R)}$ membrane.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.44-52
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• 2004

This paper concerns the development of a cationic polymeric membranes for direct methanol fuel cell. The crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes with poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) (PAM) and hydroquinonesulfonic acid (HQSA) as the crosslinking agents were prepared according to the amount of crosslinking agents. The resulting membranes were characterized in terms of methanol permeability, proton conductivity, water content and ion exchange capacity. The methanol permeability and proton conductivity increased with increasing PAM content up to 9 wt% and then decreased. This trend is considered the effect of the cross linking rather than the introduction of hydrophilic groups. When the HQSA contents were varied, no interesting increases of proton conductivity, water content and ion exchange capacity were found.