• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.207-212
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• 1992

Main disposal technology for industrial wasites in Korea has been landfilling, however, this is encountering serious problems such as the lack of landfill sites and objections of residents. Incineration, therefore, has become a final solution for this dilema. Various kinds of air pollutants generation are possible because of the variety of types and compositions of wastes generated in industry. In this paper, air pollutants produced while incinerating hazardous industrial wastes are discussed and some control technologies are surveryed with the purpose of optimal design of incinerators and emission reduction. From this initial stage of incinerator utilization, low-emission type should be developed and applied and intensive research on pollutant generation due to waste incineration and advanced control technologies should be also performed.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

Since the 2000s, to start inducement of SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitrification facility by large scale companies which are emitted large amount of nitrogen oxides such as power plants, combined heat and power plant, incinerators and chemical plants due to take effect the regulation of stationary sources of nitrogen oxide(NOx), and the total amount of discharged pollutants, such as regulatory gradually emissions regulations are being strengthened and the expanded coverage due to the use of SCR denitrification catalyst is a growing trend. Since 2010 due to the new catalysts to replace the already installed power plants and incinerators due to inactive, and catalytic denitrification SCR waste catalyst waste as a resource rather than the development of technologies for recycling situation is urgently needed. In this study, analyzed paper and patent for recycling technologies of waste catalyst. The range of search was limited in the open patents of USA (US), European Union (EP), Japan (JP), Korea (KR) and SCI journals from 1975 to 2012. Patents and journals were collected using key-words searching and filtered by filtering criteria. The trends of the patents and journals was analyzed by the years, countries, companies, and technologies.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2016

Waste-to-energy facilities including incinerators are known as an efficient method to reduce wastes. In waste-to-energy facilities, more efficient cooling system is still needed for grates as the energy density of waste increased. For better cooling performance with the water-cooled grates, optimal design of cooling water pathways is highly beneficial. We performed numerical investigation on fluid flow and residence time of cooling water with change of the geometry of the cooling water pathway. With addition of round shaped guide vanes in the water pathway, the maximum residence time of flow is reduced(from 4.3 sec. to 2.4 sec.), but there is no significant difference in pressure drop between inlet and outlet, and average residence time at the outlet. Furthermore the flow stagnation region moves to the outlet, as the position of the round shaped guide vanes is located to the neck point of pathways.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.213-220
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• 1993

The problem of disposing of huge quantities of used tires is of growing concern to every country. As an economical solid waste management, a gasification followed by incineration process was applied to scrap tires to recover heat and to reduce waste volume for final landfill disposal. The gasification temperature, combustible and non-combustible gasified products and possibly produced air pollutants were predicted by changing equivalent mole ratios of carbon to oxygen by a chemical equilibrium model. For a risk assessment of ash toxic pollutants including heavy metals and toxic organics were thoroughly analyzed. Gasification bottom ash contained much more toxic organic compounds than fly ash, whereas fly ash contained higher concentration of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd. Pretreatment or secure landfill technology is suggested for a safe management of ash produced from the gasification incinerators.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.485-505
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• 2021

This study investigated consumers' perceptions and willingness to pay (WTP) for fruit and vegetables grown using renewable energy such as solar power, geothermal, waste heat from incinerators, hot water from thermal power plants. To this end, this study conducted an online survey of 1,050 consumers in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and the six metropolitan cities, and the main findings are as follows. First, most of the consumers perceived climate change as a serious problem, and 82.8% recognized the government's declaration of carbon zero was appropriate, which means that the government's active response to climate change is important. Second, on the pros and cons of the use of renewable energy when cultivating fruits and vegetables, opinions in favor of solar power were the highest, followed by geothermal heat, waste heat from waste incineration plants, and thermal power generation hot drainage. Third, at least 28.0% to 41.7% of consumers were willing to purchase fruits and vegetables using renewable energy more expensive than fruits grown using fossil energy such as kerosene. This means that the fruit and vegetable market using renewable energy is valuable as a niche market.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.319-327
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• 2007

Incineration has been regarded as the best developed technology available for organically hazardous waste. However, permitting and siting incinerators to treat hazardous waste such as a waste containing PCBs is very difficult due to the public concerns associated with toxic air emissions. Recently, a lot of alternatives to an incineration have been developed and these technologies have the potential of alleviating public concerns by decreasing emissions of hazardous materials such as dioxins and furans. This paper reviews currently available alternative incineration technologies for various hazardous waste streams. Various categories of non-thermal and thermal alternative incineration technologies have been evaluated in terms of their process operating condition, applicability of a waste stream and their emission of secondary waste. Detailed descriptions of operating principles of several technologies are also provided.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.257-270
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• 2009

The central government in Korea has pursued a policy to privatize municipal solid waste treatment facilities in order to enhance the effectiveness of public financial management in recent years. To understand the intentions of local governments on this policy, the survey with questionnaires on 37 out of 256 local governments was made in October, 2007. The results were analyzed and compared in 6 classified policy areas. The results showed that local government had enough financial status to operate the facilities with proper services and had the opinion with positive management in finance with increasing rate of prospective views. Among the facilities operated by local governments, the satisfaction levels for landfill(46.2%) and incineration(40.0%) were relatively higher. However those for recycling and food waste resource facilities were not satisfied with showing lower rate of satisfaction. The priority of privatization in consideration among them were following in order of food waste resource plants(76.2%), incinerators(63.6%), and recycling facilities(53.9%) and the most considerable reason to privatize them was due to resolve financial problems(59.7%). They thought and expected that the privatization would provide cost reduction effects in local governments and also be easier to achieve the environmental goals. To enhance such privatization, expanding more incentives by central government would be essential as shown in the investigation of this survey.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.367-375
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• 2005

Low-Z particle Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis was applied to characterize MSW fly- and bottom -ash particle samples originated from two municipal incinerators (denoted as A and B) in Korea. According to their chemical composition, many distinctive particle types were identified. In A fly ash, the major chemical species are carbon-rich, aluminosilicates and many particles are composed of as a mixture of $ CaCO_3$ and other chemical species such as $CaSO_4$ or $CaCl_2$. For B fly ash, Fe, iron oxide, NaCl and NaCl-containing particles are the most abundant. In bottom ash, A and B were composed of similar chemical species such as carbon-rich, Fe, iron oxide, $CaCO_3$, and aluminosilicates. It was demonstrated that the single-particle characterization using this low-Z particle EPMA technique provided detailed information on various types of chemical species in the MSW ash samples. In addition, the technique has advantage over conventional analytical techniques in the point that both crystalline and glass-like ash particles can be analyzed at the same time.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.100-104
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• 1992

The research in this paper centers on a comparative risk assessment for nearby air pollution by carcinogenic metal emission from municipal solid waste incinerators. If a substance is identified as a potential human carcinogen, the carcinogenicity may be related to the chemical form of a substance and the route of exposure. This type of information with regard to carcinogenic uncertainty is incorporated into hazard quantification. In addition to the dioxin emission, the metal emission from municipal solid waste incineration is found to be a major contributor to human cancer risk via the inhalation route. The magnitude of risk by metals is about 5 times greater than that of risk by dioxins. Hexavalent form of chromium and cadmium compounds are major contributors to cancer risk from metal emission. In addition, hexavalent chromium is known to be human carcinogen while 2,3,7,8-TCDD is known to be only probable human carcinogen.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.149-155
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• 2017

This study is analyzed combustion phenomena based on the environmental energy facility incinerator. It is assumed that combustible components of waste are composed of carbon and hydrogen, and the combustion process of fuel is by setting as multi-component / multistage reaction. As the combustion chamber is burned, the high temperature environment is achieved, also the heat transfer accompanied by the turbulent flow and the generation of NOx, a pollutant, are interpreted to predict the thermal and fluid characteristics and pollution emissions of the grate incinerator. As the result of internal flow analysis, the slow flow around the ash chute and the mixing effect due to the complicated turbulence around the combustion chamber were predicted to show excellent performance. It is shown to the internal average temperature was about $1024^{\circ}C$, around the about $1000^{\circ}C$ homogeneous temperature distribution. Due to the sudden temperature decrease in the boiler, the flue gas temperature at the outlet was estimated to be about $220^{\circ}C$.