• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2000

There is no simple method to solve livestock waste problems satisfactorily. For a successful solution, various methods should be well organized orderly depending upon the situation. Even in the livestock waste management, integrated waste management principle should be applied. Minimization of livestock waste generation is the first priority. It is also important to distribute fairly livestock farms throughout the nation. Efficient management of permit system is equally important. Permit should be given only when the farmer have enough grass-land on which the farmer can apply more than two thirds of livestock waste generated or when the farm have an anaerobic digestor in which store livestock waste generated for at least 3 months. In principle, livestock waste should be treated in the farm and it is desirable to operate composting facilities in the farm site too.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.500-501
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• 2018

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.713-724
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• 2013

In terms of waste load allocation, inequality of waste load discharge must be considered as well as economic aspects such as minimization of waste load abatement. The inequality of waste load discharge between areas was calculated with Gini coefficient and was included as one of the objective functions of the multi-objective waste load allocation. In the past, multi-objective functions were usually weighted and then transformed into a single objective optimization problem. Recently, however, due to the difficulties of applying weighting factors, multi-objective genetic algorithms (GA) that require only one execution for optimization is being developed. This study analyzes multi-objective waste load allocation using NSGA-II-aJG that applies Pareto-dominance theory and it's adaptation of jumping gene. A sensitivity analysis was conducted for the parameters that have significant influence on the solution of multi-objective GA such as population size, crossover probability, mutation probability, length of chromosome, jumping gene probability. Among the five aforementioned parameters, mutation probability turned out to be the most sensitive parameter towards the objective function of minimization of waste load abatement. Spacing and maximum spread are indexes that show the distribution and range of optimum solution, and these two values were the optimum or near optimal values for the selected parameter values to minimize waste load abatement.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.174-184
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• 1994

The purpose of this was to investigate the citizen‘s attitude to the food waste composting as a mean of municipal solid waste recycling. Approximately 900 questionaires were distributed to Seoul, Kangwon province and some other provinces. Most of people recognized that the composting of food waste is necessary for organic waste recycling minimization. Also, they think that a systematic education for domestic waste composting is required. They are willing to participate in the community basis small scale facility composting.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.410-425
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• 2001

This study was designed to assess the waste management practices, source-reduction programs and related tasks in elementary school foodservice in Seoul. and Kyonggi Province Areas. A questionnaire mailed to 910 school foodservice managers in Seoul and Kyonggi province: a 202% (N=184) response rate was obtained. About 83.7% of school foodservice managers were responsible for managing solid waste. Most foodservice operations take the responsibility of food waste but not packaging wastes. The average disposal cost per month per person was about 19 won and income was about 35 won. Leftovers were mainly disposed with platewaste. Platewaste was reused for the livestook feed(68.0%), and some platewaste was composted(11.6%). Source reduction programs implemented in half of school foodservice operations were adjustment of portion size', checking the plate waste', 'working with classroom teachers on waste reduction campaign', 'providing information leaflet on food waste minimization', posting education materials, 'classroom instruction about food waste minimization', and 'improving cooking method. According to factor analysis based on importance rating. slid waste management activities of elementary school foodservice operations were divided to 7 dimensions such as communication and cooperation with others', 'employee training', 'product quality control, 'yield control', plate waste control', 'purchasing', and 'public relations'. As a result of Important-Performance Analysis(IPA), sine dimensions such as 'communication and cooperation with others' and 'plate waste control were identified in Focus Here' quardrant area which need more enhanced performance.

• Clean Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.6-23
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• 1998

Recently, semiconductor industry has grown rapidly because of the large demand for electronic devices and equipment. The semiconductor industries have also played an important role on the economic growth in Korea. As the environmental regulations become strict, the proper environmental management and the well-developed waste minimization technologies in semiconductor industries are two of urgent problems to be solved. The semiconductor manufacturing process consists of a series of continuous chemical processes, such as cleaning, oxidation, diffusion, photolithography, etching and film deposition. During the processes, various environmentally hazardous wastes are produced. The wastes may be classified as wastewater, gaseous pollutants, and solid wastes. For waste minimization, the substitution of raw materials and process optimization techniques are used, while the selective destruction technologies of toxic chemicals contained in the wastes have been reported. Also, new technologies have been developed for source reduction and waste reduction, such as reduction of toxic chemical use and substitution of hazardous liquids with gaseous reactants or solvent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.290-299
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• 2005

Two decommissioning projects are carried out at the KAERI (Korean Atomic Energy Research Institute), one for the Korea research reactors, KRR-1 and KRR-2, and another for the uranium conversion plant (UCP). The concept of the management of the wastes from the decommissioning sites was reviewed with a relation of the decommissioning strategies, technologies for the treatment and the decontamination, and the characteristics of waste. All the liquid waste generated from KRR-1 and KRR-2 decommissioning site is evaporated by a solar evaporation facility and all the liquid waste from the UCP is treated together with lagoon sludge waste. The solid wastes from the decommissioning sites are categorized into three groups; not contaminated, restricted releasable and radioactive waste. The not-contaminated waste will be reused and/or disposed at an industrial disposal site, and the releasable waste is stored for the future disposal at the KAERI. The radioactive waste is packed in containers, and will be stored at the decommissioning sites till they are sent to a national repository site. The reduction of the radioactive solid waste is one of the strategies for the decommissioning projects and could be achieved by the repeated decontamination. By the achievement of the minimization strategy, the amount of radioactive waste was reduced and the disposal cost will be reduced, but the cost for manpower, for direct materials and for administration was increased.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.80-83
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• 2001

According to the EPA in Taiwan report, 9.05 million metric tons of solid wastes were generated in 1999, and the waste glass was accounted of 4.95 percent. However, with the increasing tonnage of disposal cost and existing disposal sites are reaching full capacity, recycling is currently accepted as a sustainable approach to waste management. Therefore, it's essential and urgent that the government in Taiwan establish the recycling and recovery framework for the minimization of the solid waste, reduction of materials and energy consumption, and the encouragement for the reuse, recycle and recovery development. To achieve this Boal, Taiwan has been strived for a long period of time in waste glass recovery and recycle. Waste glass, unlike other kinds of resource waste, is 100% recyclable. The EPA in Taiwan now center on a lot of different kinds of waste glass, such as glass container, flat glass, CRT glass, windshields glass, fluorescent lamps, and waste pesticide glass container. This article will focus on the framework of the recycling market access, and also try to provide some strategies to improve waste glass recycling efficiently.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1996.12a
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• pp.97-101
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• 1996

Municipal and sanitary landfills can pose environmental problems due to leachate, landfill gas md unstable geotechnical properties. Most governmental bodies delay the correction of landfill problems or landfill replacement until a crises stage is reached. The replacement of a landfill is often made difficult due to costly regulatory controls, public opposition to siting and the high cost of closure for the previous landfill unit. Solutions to extending landfill life and capacity Involve waste minimization by recycling, refuse compaction and waste-to-energy incineration. Incineration can reduce the volume of refuse by 50-95%. The largest installed bases of municipal waste Incinerators are located in Japan and the U.S. The volume of waste contained in a landfill can be estimated by load count tabulations, weight-and-volume measurements or a material balance analysis based on the trash profile of user categories. for an existing landfill, core samples may be collected and analyzed for use in a material balance analysis. Newly generated refuse contains approximately 50% of the heating value of coal. However, landfill properties vary significantly due to the waste profile of the contributors and biodegradation due to time and weathering. The volume of the Nanji-do landfill

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 2004

The food wastes recycling system should be constructed before 2005. In order to manufacture the good compost, salt remaining rate should be minimized. We studied the effective method of minimizing salt ratio by diluting with water.