• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.92-97
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• 2022

Plastics are classified into 7 types such as PET (PETE), HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, PS, and Other for separation and recycling. Recently, large corporations advocating ESG management are replacing them with bioplastics. Incineration and landfill of disposal of plastic waste are responsible for air pollution and destruction of the ecosystem. Because it is not easy to accurately classify plastic materials with the naked eye, automated system-based screening studies using various sensor technologies and AI-based software technologies have been conducted. In this paper, NIR scanning devices considering the NIR wavelength characteristics that appear differently for each plastic material and a system that can identify the type of plastic by learning the NIR spectrum data collected through it. The accuracy of plastic material identification was evaluated through a decision tree-based SVM model for multiclass classification on NIR spectral datasets for 8 types of plastic samples including biodegradable plastic.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.475-486
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of material flow cost accounting (MFCA) in Vietnam's coal-fired thermal power plants. This study is based on the contingency and system theories to explain the application of management tools and analyze steps of input, output, and process in manufacturing. Costs in producing process-based MFCA include material cost, energy cost, system cost, and waste management cost. The exploratory case study methodology is used to describe and answer two questions, namely "How coal flow cost is recognized?" and "Why waste in material consumption can be harmful to the environment?". By analyzing the Quang Ninh and Pha Lai coal-fired thermal power plants that are the typical plants, this paper identifies the flow of primary material in these plants as a basis for determining losses for the business. The material flow of coal-fired thermal power plants provides the basis for the use of the MFCA. The manufacturing of electrical items in these plants is divided into four stages, each with its own set of losses. As a result, some phases in the application of MFCA are suggested, as well as some other elements required for MFCA application in coal-fired thermal power plants.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1001-1008
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• 2022

As a part of the Smart Cities Mission, the Government of India in 2015 embarked upon the development of 100 existing cities as smart cities. In this study, the authors selected Ahmedabad city as the smart city development in India and presented project-level elements of the city based on the secondary data availability. At first, the authors focused on peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and technical reports. Next, the authors collected the secondary data of project-level elements of the Ahmedabad city from the years 2015 to 2019. The findings show no significant improvement in the sewage system and waste collection as compared to the level of investment made in these sectors. The study showed that the water supply system outperformed revenue generation based on the government investment made in that sector. As a lesson learned, these findings indicate that significant improvement should be addressed in sewage management and waste collection. These study findings could help government officials, investors, developers, and city planners in making the appropriate decision before and during smart city execution. The lesson learned from this study could be used as a reference to improve revenue during the future smart city implication.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.13-22
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• 2010

From now on, the aged apartment or house is expected to increase rapidly. So, we have to build a process of remodeling and develop the new technique. Demolition work is needed for systematic plan and management. However, contractors of the remodeling project established a rough plan and did not consider recycling wastes, safety of workers and structural stability of building. Therefore, we need a step to develop a assessment system, verify and make specified. This paper evaluated how much improve on construction speed, work efficiency, intensity of work and influence with another process comparing the existing method with the new demolition method. The qualitative and quantitative assessment system are developed with these output. The case study was carried out experimental group and control group, based on developed assessment system, which have the same condition. The existing method was made up of 3 steps- 1)Demolish windows, doors and iron goods, 2)Demolish indoor and outdoor walls, 3)Drop the waste. The new demolition method was made up of 5 steps- 1)Demolish windows, doors and iron goods, 2)Demolish the ceiling and wall's finishing materials, 3)Demolish the floor's finishing materials, 4)Demolish indoor and outdoor walls, 5)Drop the waste. Work time, idle time, the character of a work unit are analyzed by mock-up test. This study's output is expected to establish a systematic process of new demolition method and based on the maximizing waste recycling work in our construction industry.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.33-43
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• 2013

That occur in the ocean and the efficient management of marine litter on marine pollution oil spill response one step further strategies are needed. Marine pollution accidents occurred in 2011, a total of 287 and was found in runoff 369 kL, respectively compared to the previous year decreased by 13% and 39%. Average amount of marine materials during 5-years represent the oil flow of 310.5 kL (heavy fuel oil of 106.0 kL, diesel of 178.9 kL, oily bilge water of 22.3 kL, other oil of 7.7 kL) and the waste of 62.3 tons, the hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) was 510.6 kL. Marine emissions in 2011 by type of waste that a total amount of dumping 3,972 $m^3$, and livestock manure 795 $m^3$(20%), waste water 1,431 $m^3$(36%), sewage sludge 887 $m^3$(22%), wastewater sludge, 813 $m^3$(21%), manure 5 $m^3$(0.1%), other 41 $m^3$(0.9%), respectively. The concept of marine waste and needs to be more clearly defined. Integrated management of hazardous chemicals according to the incident management system should be established. To remove of coastal pollution, response officer needs korean coast response system. Like the marine pollution response, coastal pollution response systems also require step response.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1075-1078
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• 1995

This paper describes how industry has responded to the environmental challenge. Benefits include compliance with environmental legislation; genuine reductions to environmental impact; sustainable improvements to profitability in the face of increased competitive pressure. National and international Standards for environmental management offer security and direction for a company wishing to improve environmental performance and coupled with a waste minimisation strategy many financial and environmental benefits can be achieved. Introduction of new technical skills, techniques and worker understanding to aid motivation is an essential component of such a strategy. Monitoring and targeting has a key role to play in the establishment of improved environmental performance.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.87-97
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• 2021

This study was conducted to prepare an incentive system (proposal) for the activation of waste-to-energy. Weights for each type of energy use were prepared by conducting prior research and economic analysis. In addition, the waste-to-energy incentive (proposal) was calculated in consideration of energy efficiency for each type of energy use. As a result of economic analysis of 11 biogasification facilities, the B/C value was found to be very diverse, ranging from 0.16 to 1.69. In terms of benefits, imports of waste treatment import fees were very high at 68.4 to 99.3% of the total, and four facilities with a surplus (+) or higher in the management balance. In order to convert energy consumption into units of sales volume, 0.58 Nm³/KW for power generation, 0.17 Nm³/kg for steam, and 1.00 Nm³/Nm³ for external supply were calculated using the 'scale factor'. The 'weight factor' was calculated as 0.249 for power generation, 0.656 for steam, and 0.806 for external supply, respectively, by use type.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2000

Water, waste, electric and gas facilities are urban based facilities that needed in our life and are often located in underground. Therefore, underground facilities are more difficult to manage efficiently than ground facilities. It is needed to carry out survey/probe into underground facilities and to build database in order to prevent city-misfortunes being occurred because of negligent management and in order to minimize budget-waste and a traffic jam according to repetition of road excavation constructions. Also, the development of application system is required to manage efficiently underground facility. Chonju city has launched underground water supply facility computerizing project as a part of National Geographic Information System project until December 1998 and executed survey/probe into 402.89 km water supply that is 80 mm up inside central town area 39.6 $km^2$. Also, chonju city built database into 537 km water supply that is 80 mm below based on water supply card without other survey/probe works. Also, existing work process each department is changed into GIS applied work process and underground water supply facility management system is developed by its work process basis. Water supply underground facility management system that is developed is composed of sub-system like base-map management, water supply inspect, water supply management and water supply inquiry, construction work management, administration management and map management. This research presents the procedure and method of underground water supply facility survey/probe and problem being occurred during survey/probe procedure and also show the functions of each sub-systems composing underground water supply facility management system.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.24-45
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• 2006

In recent years, the labor consciousness is gradually valued. During the process of pursuing sustainable operation, the enterprises treat occupational hazard risk as the waste of cost. The purpose of OHSAS 18000 occupational security and health management system is to systematically establish the business managerial measures in terms of occupational security and calamity prevention. This research proceeded with questionnaire analysis with respect to the relationship between the OHSAS 18000 system implementation and competitiveness in Taiwan's industries. The research result revealed that there was significant relationship between Taiwan firms' execution of OHSAS 18000 system and industry competitiveness. Thus, the enterprises can decide the proper managerial plans according to the result of their own risk evaluation to prevent the happening of accidents and reduce the operational cost. They can thus completely control business occupational hazard risk through "systematic" management.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.3 s.21
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• pp.123-130
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• 2002

This study is aimed to build an effective information management system for natural ecosystem in local Kang-wha area. We analyze the management strategies for the information related to environment ecosystem and natural ecosystem. A prototype is applied to equip search functions for related-agency information, natural environmental information, spatial information, and ecosystem information. It is also capable of editing the information for related-agency information and natural environmental information. Developed various for future study, a prototype of natural eco-information management system will be operated, which discovers and selves potential problems. It is, in turn, utilited for environmental management system of water quality, air quality and waste management. As the final goal, it is expected to build a total environment information management system by integrating those different environmental information systems.