• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2000

For a characterization of the pretreated waste automotive catalyst the following analysis techniques were applied : EA(Elemental Analysis) BET(Brunaure-Emmett-Teller) and ICP-AES(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry). The combustion activity of waste automotive catalyst was investigated for methanol acetaldehyde and toluene as model VOCs in a fixed bed reactor. carbon deposit amount was decreased with increasing catalyst showed a good catalytic activity for VOCs combustion at 40$0^{\circ}C$. Catalytic activity for methanol acetaldehyde and toluence combustion was very excellent and decreased with mileage. The catalytic activity of a waste automotive catalyst for methanol combustion increased after acid treatment. The acid effect of catalytic activity was summarized as follows: HNO3>HCI>H2SO4>CH3COOH. The waste automotive catalyst regenerated by the pretreatment method might have a excellent catalytic activity for VOCs combustion.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.819-825
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• 2000

본 연구는 자동차 폐촉매의 재활용 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 촉매의 물리화학적 특성 및 acetaldehyde의 연소활성에 관하여 조사하였다. 자동차 폐촉매의 물리화학적 특성을 조사하기 위하여 EA(Elemental analysis), ICP-AES (Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometer), XRD(X-ray diffraction) 분석을 수행하였다. Carbon 침적량은 촉매의 전반부가 후반부보다 많았으며, 주행거리에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Pt, Pd, Rh 함유량은 제작사에 따라 구성성분의 차이를 보였다. 모델 VOC로서 acetaldehyde를 선택하였으며, 상압유통식 반응장치를 이용하여 촉매의 연소활성을 조사하였다. 자동차 폐촉매의 후반부가 전반부보다 촉매 활성이 우수하였다. 또한 주행거리의 증가에 따라 촉매활성은 감소하는 경향을 나타내며, 주행거리와 촉매활성은 매우 우수한 상관성을 보였다. 자동차 폐촉매의 acetaldehyde 연소활성은 매우 우수하였으며, 소규모의 배출원 제어에 활용 가능한 것으로 평가된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.4723-4728
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 1-D 해석 프로그램인 AMESim을 활용하여 열전소자와 디젤엔진을 모델링하여 이를 New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) 운전모드에서 구동시킨 자동차에서 나오는 폐열을 이용해 열전소자로 발전을 하고 이에 따른 결과를 분석해보는 연구를 수행하였다. 열전소자 모델링 시 배기폐열 회수율 및 전기 에너지 변환률 뿐만 아니라 재료적 특성을 고려하여 열전달부분에 초점을 맞추었다. 또한, 디젤 산화 촉매(DOC)를 설계하여 열전소자로 인한 폐열회수가 디젤 산화촉매 활성화에 미치는 영향과, 그 결과 배기가스의 성분별 증감을 조사하였다. 열전소자를 이용한 폐열회수는 자동차 연비개선에 도움이 되지만, 배기가스의 온도를 떨어뜨려 촉매 활성화에 영향을 미치게 되면, CO와 HC 배출이 최대 14% 증가하는 것을 관찰하였다. 따라서, 열전소자를 이용한 배기 폐열 회수 시스템 개발 시에 배기에 미치는 영향을 고려해야 한다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.32-43
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• 2023

The worldwide use of polyurethane foam products generates large amounts of waste, which in turn has detrimental effects on the surroundings. Hence, finding an economical and environmentally friendly way to dispose of or recycle foam waste is an utmost priority for researchers to overcome this problem. In that sense, the glycolysis of waste flexible polyurethane foam (WFPF) from automotive seat cushions using different industrial-grade glycols and potassium hydroxide as a catalyst to produce recovered polyol was investigated. The effect of different molecular weight polyols, catalyst concentration, and material ratio (PU foam: Glycols) on the reaction conversion and viscosity of the recovered polyols was determined. The obtained recovered polyols are obtained as single or split-phase reaction products. Besides, the foaming characteristics and physical properties such as cell morphology, thermal stability, and compressive stress-strain nature of the regenerated flexible foams based on the recovered polyols were discussed. It was observed that the regenerated flexible foams displayed good seating comfort properties as a function of hardness, sag factor, and hysteresis loss compared to the reference virgin foam. With the growing demand for a sustainable and circular economy, a global valorization of glycolysis products from polyurethane scraps can be realized by transforming them into profitable substances.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.231-232
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• 2000

자동차 보급의 증가에 의한 심각한 대기오염으로 인하여 국내 제작차(휘발유 자동차)의 경우 1987년부터 자동차 배기가스 정화용 촉매 전환기의 장착을 의무화하였다(환경부, 1998). 자동차용 촉매로 많이 사용되는 귀금속은 백금(Pt), 팔라듐(Pd), 로듐(Rh)이며, 수요비율은 백금이 전체 수요의 39%, 팔라듐이 16%, 로듐이 96%로 자동차용으로 많은 귀금속이 사용되고 있음을 알 수 있다. (중략)

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.241-242
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• 2000

환경부 고시 제2000-71호에 의하면 휘발성 유기화합물질의 규제제품 및 물질 종류는 methanol, acetaldehyde 및 toluene 등을 포함하여 37종으로 고시하고 있다(환경부, 2000). 미국의 경우 1997년 VOCs 발생원에 대한 배출량 산정을 보면 총 19,216 ton/yr의 VOCs가 배출되고 있으며, 이 중 7,660ton/yr인 39.86%가 자동차에서, 용매 이용시설에서 33.74%, VOCs 저장 및 운송에서 7.17% 및 석유관련 산업에서 2.80% 등의 순서로 배출되는 것으로 보고되고 있다(Noel do Hovers, 2000). (중략)

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2012

This paper presents a three-dimensional, transient cold-start polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) model to numerically evaluate the effects of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) design and cell location in a PEFC stack on PEFC cold start behaviors. The cold-start simulations show that the end cell experiences significant heat loss to the sub-freezing ambient and thus finally cold-start failure due to considerable ice filling in the cathode catalyst layer. On the other hand, the middle cells in the stack successfully start from $-30^{\circ}C$ sub-freezing temperature due to rapid cell temperature rise owing to the efficient use of waste heat generated during the cold-start. In addition, the simulation results clearly indicate that the cathode catalyst layer (CL) composition and thickness have an substantial influence on PEFC cold-start behaviors while membrane thickness has limited effect mainly due to inefficient water absorption and transport capability at subzero temperatures.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 디스플레이 산업의 백금 폐스크랩을 용해, 용매추출을 통하여 백금족 성분을 효율적으로 추출하고, 추출된 백금용액을 디젤자동차 배가스 정화촉매용 전구체 용액으로서 제조하고, 그 촉매활성을 실험하였다. 용액화학적 이론 연구를 통하여 백금 화학종의 수용액상 거동을 조사하였고, 화학종들의 존재영역 및 거동을 근거로 추출 및 분리 가능방안을 수립하였다. 전기화학적 방법에 의해 폐스크랩을 용해시킴으로써, 용해시간 단축 및 추출효율을 높였으며, 로듐 성분을 분리 제거, TBP에 의한 용매추출, 염산에 의한 탈거 공정을 거쳐 Pt-Chloride-$H_2O$ 계 백금용액을 용액을 제조하고, 이 용액을 원료로 액상 아민화 반응을 통해 아민산 백금용액을 제조한 다음, 카본블랙의 연소반응에 대한 촉매 활성을 실험함으로써, 백금족 폐스크랩으로부터 고부가 백금족 화합물의 제조가능성을 연구하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2012

As a kind of distributed energy system, the co-generation system based Diesel engine using after-treatment device was devised for its environmental friendly and economic qualities. It is utilized in that the electric power is produced by the generator connected to the Diesel engine, and waste heat is recovered from both the exhaust gases and the engine itself by the finned tube and shell & tube heat exchangers. An after-treatment device composed ceramic heater and DOC(Diesel Oxidation Catalyst) is installed at the engine outlet in order to completely reignite the unburned fuel from the Diesel engine. In this study, mutual relation of each experimental condition was derived through minimum number of experiment using Taguchi Design and ANOVA recently used in the various fields. It is found that the total efficiency (thermal efficiency plus electric power generation efficiency) of this system reaches maximum 94.4% which is approximately higher than that of the typical diesel engine exhaust heat recovery system.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2001

Resource recovery and recycling of materials and products, including polyurethanes is viewed as a necessity in today's society. Most urethane polymers are made from a polyol and a diisocyanate. these and be chemicals such as water, diamines or diols that react with isocyanate groups and add to the polymer backbone. The problems of recycling polyurethane wastes has major technological, economic and ecological significance because polyurethane itself is relatively expensive and its disposal whether by burning is also costly. In general, the recycling methods for polyurethane could be classified as mechanical, chemical and feedstock. In the chemical recycling method, there are hydrolysis, glycolysis, pyrolysis and aminolysis. This study, the work was carried out glycolysis using sonication ant catalyzed reaction. Different kinds of recycled polyols were produced by current method(glycolysis), catalyzed reaction and sonication as decomposers and the chemical properties were analyzed. The reaction results in the formation of polyester urethane diols, the OH value which is determined by the quantity of diol used for the glycolysis conditions. The glycolysis rates by sonication for the various glycols, increased as fallows: PPG