• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2011

The natural dyeing of cotton fabric with gardenia blue powder was studied. Cotton fabrics were treated with chitosan in order to increase K/S values and colorfastness. K/S values were increased with increasing the concentration of gardenia blue powder, dyeing time and temperature, and the lower pH of dye bath. In case of chitosan finishing, K/S values were increased, and ${\lambda}_{max}$ shifted to 600nm at 400nm. The wash fastness was improved, but the abrasion fastness was lowered in the case of wet rubbing.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 1992

The dyeing characteristics of Dylon hand dyes on the cotton & silk fabric were studied, and the fastnesses of Dylon hand dyes were compared with those of direct & acid dyes. The results are as follows. 1. Dye adsorption of Dylon hand dyes increased as the concentration of dye increased. 2. Dye adsorption was increased as treatment time increased, and reached to eqilibrium after forty minutes treatment. 3. The temperature at mixiumum adsorption was 6$0^{\circ}C$, in the range of lower temperature than 6$0^{\circ}C$ color was changed, in the range of higher temperature adsorption of dye was decreased. 4. Dye adsorption was increased in direct proprotion to NaCl concentration and reached to equilibrium. But NaCl concentration of even and maximum adsorption was 5%. 5. Wash fastness of Dylon hand dyes was better than direct & acid dyes, but light fastness was worse.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.168-175
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• 2003

Ultramicrofiber(UMF) PET knitted fabric and regular PET plain woven fabric as reference sample were impregnated with waterborne polyurethane(PU) in a two-step process with dyeing/PU treatment and PU treatment/dyeing to investigate the effect of the treatment sequence. The waterborne PU impregnated fabrics were dyed with two kinds of vat and disperse dyes to investigate the dyeing properties and the dyeing fastnesses. In vat dyeing the rank of color strength(K/S) was in order of dyeing/PU impregnation > dyeing only > PU impregnation/dyeing, whereas in case of disperse dyeing, the order was dyeing/PU impregnation > PU impregnation/dyeing >dyeing only. Wash fastness of vat dyeing showed a higher 2-3 grade than disperse dyeing, while rubbing and light fastnesses were not good for disperse dyes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2009

Chitosan and CA/BTCA were employed in order to induce crosslinking in the fiber for the improvement of wrinkle recovery of the cotton fabrics and the endowment of anti-microbial functions to the fabric. The treated fabrics were dyed by using reactive dyestuff and their dyeing behaviors were investigated. As a result, the fabric treated with chitosan only exhibited more dye-uptake amount than the untreated fabric, and the treated and untreated fabrics together showed excellent light-fastness and wash-fastness. In the cases that CA or BTCA was added to the chitosan, the CA-treated showed better dye-uptake and dyeing properties as light-fastness than the BTCA-treated. In conclusion, it is possible to maintain the dye-uptake level at reduced treatment cost when the CA is employed as a substitute cross-linking agent for BTCA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 1995

Cotton fabric was treated with acrylonitrile in t-butyl alcohol and then aminized by reduction of the resultant cyanoethyl cellulose with LiAIH4, under various temperatures and times. Aminized cotton fabric toras dyed with acid and reactive dye. Dyeability as to temperatures, pH, and color fastness were compared to the amiRe group content of treated cotton fabrics. The results of this study were as follow: 1. D.S of cyanoethyl cellulose has been increased by increasing treating temperatures and times. Maximum D.S of cyanoethyl cellulose was 1.45. By SEM and the tensile strength, the damage of the treated cotton was not observed. 2. Since aminized cotton has greater affinity on acid dye than untreated cotton, dyeability increased with the increase of amino group content, and the lower pH, $60^{\circ}C$. 3. Since amino group in aminized cotton changes surface charge of cotton, dyeability for reactive dye increased by increasing the amino group content. Optimum dyeability was obtained at pH 5-7, $40^{\circ}C$. And dyeability of the amine treated cotton increased with the NaCl conc. 4. Color fastness to washing & light of the amine treated cotton was very low except for the wash fastness of the reactive dye.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.544-551
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• 2008

In this study, the colorants of Amur cork tree were extracted with boiling water. Chitosan crosslinked cotton fabrics have been dyed with aqueous extract of Amur cork tree and their dyeabilities on the fabrics were studied. Additionally the fastness to washing and light were also investigated. Cotton fabrics were treated with a crosslinking agent epichlorohydrin in the presence of chitosan to provide the cotton fabrics the dyeing properties of natural dye(Amur cork tree) by the chemical linking of chitosan to the cellulose structure. This process was applied by means of the conventional mercerizing process. The chitosan finishing and durable press finishing of the cotton fabrics occurred simultaneously in the mercerization bath. On the surface color change, the fabric of no-chitosan finished and no-mordanted has greenish yellow. The more crosslinked chitosan on cotton fabrics has the more turned down greenish on the surface color, as increasing the concentration of chitosan, greenish color turn down to the yellow close the 90o hue angle. In all sorts of fabrics, dyeability(K/S) is slightly affected by the number of manufacturing process and the concentration of chitosan. But only mercerized cotton fabric has higher dyeability (K/S) than mordant treated cotton fabrics. Wash fastness has little different results by each condition, but almost similar values. Light fastness was improved with chitosan treatment on cotton fabric.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.17 no.5 s.84
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

Polyester fibers can be modified into cationic dyeable polyester fibers(CDP) by the copolymerization of terephthalic acid and 5-sodium sulphoisophthalic acid with ethylene glycol. The advantage of CDP on most cationic dyes is the conspicuous brilliance due to a narrow steep absorption band and the wash fastness and etc. Weight reduction by alkali hydrolysis, dyeing and solvent wicking properties of fabrics with cationic dyes, and change of fine structure were investigated. To obtain optimum splitting process parameters for dyeing and physical properties of micro CDP fiber, splitting method under various conditions was carried out. By means of SEM, it was confirmed that the splitting process of the micro CDP fiber be achieved at the weight reduction. A comparatively greater quantity of dye is necessary to dye microfiber than conventional fiber. The fastness and solvent wicking of regular CDP fiber is higher than that of micro CDP fiber.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

UV-induced surface copolymerization has been widely applied as a simple, useful and versatile approach to improve the surface properties of textiles. C.I. Reactive Black 5 and acrylic acid (AA) were continuously grafted onto cotton by UV irradiation. The photografting may occur by the copolymerization of AA with the vinylsulfone reactive dye which photochemically converted from the bissulfatoethylsulfone reactive group. The graft yield and color yield were influenced by UV energy, the dye and photoinitiator concentrations, a mole ratio of AA to dye, and pH. The coloration of cotton fabrics having a K/S of 7.0 can be obtained under a UV irradiation energy of 15$J/cm^2$ by the photografting of an aqueous alkaline formulation of 6% dye concentration containing 3% photoinitiator concentration on the weight of monomers, and a 3:1 mole ratio addition of AA to the dye. Furthermore, the photochemically dyed cotton fabrics showed comparable washing (staining) and rubbing fastness to conventional reactive dyeing method except shade change in the wash fastness and light fastness.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.128-140
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• 2016

In this study, dyeability of Urtica Dioica L. extract, which is relatively less studied, was measured. The extract of this plant was used to dye cellulose and protein fiber to check its usage as a natural green dye. Three different methods were used to produce extract. Dried Urtica Dioica L. was extracted with 100% ethanol, 50% ethanol with 50% distilled water and 100% distilled water. Then dyeing solution was obtained by blending with distilled water at 1-to-1 ratio. The maximum dyeability was obtained when 100% ethanol extract of dried Urtica Dioica L. used to dye fabrics at 60 degrees celsius for 60 minutes without mordant treatment. Cotton, rayon, wool and silk were dyed and dyeability for each fiber was measured for color difference value then compared to its control. The results show that dyeability of rayon and dyeability of wool are stronger, and that when color position for each mordant is measured, color difference is most diverse on cotton with pre-mordant treatment. Color fastness to wash, perspiration and rubbing crockmeter were superb, but color fastness to light was low, therefore, additional study on this is needed to improve. Urtica Dioica L. is now expected to be used practically as green color dye as well as medicinally and edible.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.284-293
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• 2002

Nylon 6 and polyester taffeta fabrics are dyed in aqueous medium with vat dyes such as Indanthren Red FBB, Mikethren Blue ACE and Mikethren Blue HR varying the compositions of sodium hydrosulfite and NaOH. Also nylon UMF nonwoven and polyester UMF knitted fabrics are dyed with metal complex and disperse dyes as a reference, and the wash and rubbing fastnesses for these dyes are investigated. In vat dyeing of polyester and nylon taffeta, an optimum composition of sodium hydrosulfite/NaOH is existed at a range of 1∼2wt%/0.2wt%. A good build-up property for Mikethren Blue ACE on nylon 6 UMF nonwoven fabric is shown at high temperature. Vat dyeing of polyester with Mikethren Blue Ace shows a good color shade in a higher temperature, while dyeing with Mitsui Blue HR shows low temperatures. Vat dyes In dyeing of both nylon 6 UMF nonwoven and polyester UMF knitted fabrics have a better wash fastnesses compared with metal complex or disperse dyes.