• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.383-387
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• 1998

the geoecology of the alpine and subalpine belts of the Korean Peninsula, its component plant group, its environmental history, and climatic amplitudes of the arctic-alpine and alpine plants has reviewed and discussed. The present-day alpine and subalpine landscapes are likely to have been formed during the post-glacial warming phase. The disjunctive distribution of many alpine and subalpine plants, however, suggests a former continuous distribution of these both locally and on a broader, and the subsequent breakdown of a former continuous range into fragments as the climate ameliorated during the post-glacial warming phase. The presences of numerous arctic-alpine and alpine plants on the alpine and subalpine belts of the Korean Peninsula, are mainly their relative degree of sensitivity to high summer temperatures. The continued survivals of alpine species and landscape in Korea is in danger if global warming associated the greenhouse effect takes place.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.54-64
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• 1994

• 한국관개배수회지
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• 제48호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2011

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.434-446
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school students' conceptions about the knowledge source and the mechanism about the greenhouse effect, and the relationship between the greenhouse effect and the global warming. Participants were 157 sixth graders (boy : n=79, girl : n=78) from six elementary schools located in the same city. The open-ended questionnaire was used to examine the students' spontaneous ideas depicted by their drawings and/or writings. The results of this study are as follows: First, although there is no the content on the greenhouse effect in the elementary school curriculum document, the children in this study indicated that the main source of their knowledge about the greenhouse effect came from 'school class' (31.8%); Second, although the children did not take a class about the greenhouse effect itself, 14.0% of children had a relatively high level of the mental model on the phenomenon; Third, more than 90% of the children did not have the correct understanding about the relation between the greenhouse effect and the global warming.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2018

To improve survival rates of vitrified pig oocytes, the treatment of cytoskeletal stabilizer on an appropriate time is one of the possible approaches. However, the exact treatment timing and effect of cytoskeletal stabilizer such as cytochalasin B (CB) is not well known during oocyte vitrification procedures. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine optimal treatment timing of CB during vitrification and warming procedures. In experiment 1, the survival rates of the postwarming pig oocytes were analyzed by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) assays with 4 classifications. In results, post-warming oocytes showed significantly (p<0.05) decreased number of alive oocytes (31.8% vs. 86.4%) compared to fresh control. In detail, the significant difference (p<0.05) was found only in strong fluorescence (18.2% vs. 70.5%) not in intermediate fluorescence groups (13.6% vs. 15.9%). In experiment 2, CB was treated before (CB-Vitri) and after (Vitri-CB) vitrification. In results, group of Vitri-CB showed significantly (p<0.05) higher (91.6%) survival rates compared to group of CB-Vitri (83.7%), significantly (p<0.05) and comparable with group of Vitri Control (88.7%) by morphological inspection. In FDA assay results, group of Vitri-CB showed significantly (p<0.05) higher (44.2%) survival rates compared to groups of CB-Vitri (36.7%) and Vitri Control (35.1%). In conclusion, the increased survival rates of post-warming pig oocyte treated with Vitri-CB method are firstly described here. The main finding of present study is that the CB treatment during recovery could be helpful to refresh the post-warming pig oocyte resulting its improved survival rates.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1187-1196
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• 2013

Global warming will have far-reaching effects on our ecosystem. However, its effects on Antarctic soils have been poorly explored. To assess the effects of warming on microbial abundance and community composition, we sampled Antarctic soils from the King George Island in the Antarctic Peninsula and incubated these soils at elevated temperatures of $5^{\circ}C$ and $8^{\circ}C$ for 14 days. The reduction in total organic carbon and increase in soil respiration were attributed to the increased proliferation of Bacteria, Fungi, and Archaea. Interestingly, bacterial ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes were predominant over archaeal amoA, unlike in many other environments reported previously. Phylogenetic analyses of bacterial and archaeal amoA communities via clone libraries revealed that the diversity of amoA genes in Antarctic ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotic communities were temperature-insensitive. Interestingly, our data also showed that the amoA of Antarctic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) communities differed from previously described amoA sequences of cultured isolates and clone library sequences, suggesting the presence of novel Antarctic-specific AOB communities. Denitrification-related genes were significantly reduced under warming conditions, whereas the abundance of amoA and nifH increased. Barcoded pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the major phyla in Antarctic soils and the effect of short-term warming on the bacterial community was not apparent.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.287-311
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• 2008

본 연구는 지속적인 산림경영 증진의 필요성과 관련한 한 분야의 연구로서 기후변화의 영향을 받는 세계목재시장이 산림을 통해 대기에 배출하는 순탄소량의 규모에 대한 측정을 시도하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 기후변화의 영향을 받는 세계목재시장 분석을 위해 개발한 목재공급모형(변형된 TSM 2000)과 동태적 탄소모형(확장된 TCM)을 통합하여 기후변화의 영향을 받는 세계목재시장이 산림을 통해 대기에 배출하는 순탄소량의 규모를 1995년부터 2085년까지 90년간 시뮬레이션하였다. 정상적으로 성장하는 목재수요(ND) 시나리오 하의 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면 2085년에 이르러 기후변화의 영향을 받는 세계목재시장은 1990년도 대기에 축적된 탄소랑의 약 3.60퍼센트를 감소시킨다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 기후변화의 영향을 받는 세계목재시장이 산림의 탄소 유입과 배출을 통해 역으로 지구온난화를 완화하는데 기여하게 된다는 사실을 보여 준다. 본 연구는 민감도 분석을 위해 빠르게 성장하는 목재수요(HD) 시나리오와 매우 빠르게 성장하는 목재수요(VHD) 시나리오 하에서 기후변화의 영향을 받는 세계목재시장이 대기에 배출하는 순탄소량의 규모에 대한 시뮬레이션을 시도하였다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.199-217
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• 2016

본 연구는 부산광역시 13개 기상관측지점을 대상으로 1997~2014년 동안의 기온상승율과 하강율의 계절적 특성이 연간 기온변화 특징에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 일별 기온 자료를 시계열적으로 단순화하기 위해 푸리에분석법을 적용하였는데, 이는 기상 자료와 같이 연속적으로 수집되는 시계열자료를 몇 개의 한정된 주요 파형으로 환원하여 자료를 단순화하는 수학적 기법이다. 부산광역시의 국지적 기온변화율은 대륙도에 의해 공간적으로 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 조사되었다. 계절적으로는 3월에 가장 높은 기온상승율(평균 $1.121^{\circ}C/month$)을 보였고, 11월에 가장 가파른 기온하강율(평균 -$1.564^{\circ}C/month$)을 나타냈다. 지역적으로 최난월인 8월 평균기온에 지배적인 영향을 주는 7월 평균기온상승율과 대륙도가 높은 지역일수록 최난일이 일찍 출현한 것으로 보아, 해양의 영향이 적은 지역일수록 기온상승률이 높고 해양 인접 지역에 비해 연중최고기온에 도달하는 시기가 앞당겨지는 것으로 분석되었다. 연구 지역 관측 지점 전체를 평균한 연도별 분석 결과도 7월 평균기온이 높은 해일수록 최난일 출현은 시기적으로 앞당겨지는 경향을 나타냈다. 도시화 정도를 나타내는 불투수면의 면적 비율 역시 기온의 연 변화와 통계적으로 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 관측지점의 불투수면 면적비율이 증가할수록 연평균기온이 높게 나타났고, 연평균 기온상승율과 하강율의 장기적 변동 폭도 크게 나타났다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2021

The increase in temperature due to climate warming is predicted to affect crop yields in the future. Until now, various types of OTC (open top chamber) that simulate the future climate condition have been developed and used to study the effect of temperature increase due to global warming on maize growth. However, in most OTCs, high equipment and maintenance costs were required to artificially increase the temperature. This study was carried to develop a cost-effective and simple OTC suitable for climate warming experiments for forage maize. Three octagonal OTCs with a height of 3.5 m × a diameter of 4.08 m and a partially covered top were constructed. The lower part of OTC covered film was opened at a height of 26 cm (OTC-26), 12 cm (OTC-12) from the ground surface, or not opened (0 cm, OTC-0). Mean air temperatures during the daytime on a sunny day in OTC-0, OTC-12 and OTC-26 increased to 3.23℃, 1.33℃, and 0.89℃, respectively, compared to the ambient control plot. For a pilot test, forage maize, 'Gwangpyeongok' was grown at OTCs and ambient control plots. As a result, in the late maize vegetative growth phase (July 30), the plant height was increased more than 45% higher than the ambient control plot in all OTC plots, and the stem diameter also increased in all OTC plots. These results indicate that it is possible to set the temperature inside the OTC by adjusting the opening height of the lower end of the OTC, and it can be applied to study the response of forage maize to elevated temperature. An OTC, with its advantages of energy free, low maintenance cost, and simple temperature setting, will be helpful in studying maize growth responsiveness to climate warming in the future.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2016

Seedling stage is particularly important for tree survival and is easily influenced by warming. Therefore, air temperature being increased due to climate change may affect physiological traits and growth of seedlings. This study was conducted to investigate the physiological and growth responses of Larix kaempferi seedlings to open-field experimental warming. 1-year-old and 2-year-old L. kaempferi seedlings were warmed with infrared lamps since April 2015 and April 2014, respectively. The seedlings in the warmed plots were warmed to maintain the air temperature to be $3^{\circ}C$ higher than that of the control plots. Physiological responses (stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate and total chlorophyll content) and growth responses (root collar diameter (RCD), height and biomass) to experimental warming were measured. Physiological and growth responses varied with the seedling ages. For 2-year-old L. kaempferi seedlings, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate decreased following the warming treatment, whereas there were no changes for 1-year-old L. kaempferi seedlings. Meanwhile, total chlorophyll content was higher in warmed plots regardless of the seedling ages. Net photosynthetic rate linked with stomatal conductance also decreased due to the drought stress and decrease of photosynthetic efficiency. In response to warming, RCD, height and biomass did not show significant differences between the treatments. It seems that the growth responses were not affected as much as physiological responses were, since the physiological responses were not consistent, nor the warming treatment period was enough to have significant results. In addition, multifactorial experiments considering the impact of decreased soil moisture resulting from elevated temperatures is needed to explicate the impacts of a wide range of possible climate change scenarios.