• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.545-548
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• 2004

In Japan for protecting the slides of steep sloped areas covering the face of slopes by sprayed mortar became popular since 1970s. But, these mortar walls are getting older now. In this background, this study aims to find ways to develop a diagnostic technique of these faces of slope without physically contacting or destroying them. In doing so, we have used heat infrared imaging processing method and developed a simulation model to predict the weak portion of the wall. The results revealed that, by following the model vacuum of mortar wall can be detected having thickness up to 15cm.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2011

Closed kinematic chain exercises such as squatting have been widely indicated for knee rehabilitation in patients with patellofemoral disorders such as osteoarthritis and patellofemoral pain. Patellofemoral disorders are thought to be associated with abnormal patellar kinematics. In addition, the Q-angle may be undervalued in patients with patellofemoral pain and a laterally displaced patella. The purpose of this study was to assess patellar kinematics and the Q-angle during double-leg semi-squat and wall-slide semi-squat exercises. In this study, 28 asymptomatic subjects(16 male, 12 female) were assessed. Patellar tilt, patellar spin, and Q-angle were recorded using a motion analysis system during double-leg semi-squat and wall-slide semi-squat exercises. The Q-angle and patellar tilt were significantly increased, whereas patellar spin was significantly decreased, at $45^{\circ}$ of knee flexion compared with $0^{\circ}$. No differences were observed for the Q-angle, patellar tilt, and patellar spin during double-leg semi-squat and wall-slide semi-squat exercises. However, a significant interaction was observed between squat type and knee angle for patellar spin. We found that the patella is laterally tilted during semi-squat exercises and that there was no difference in patellar tracking between knee flexion during double-leg semi-squat and wall-slide semi-squat exercises.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 1981

This study was undertaken to evaluate the pulpal responses to the pulp-capping materials such as glutaraldehyde and formocresol in pulpotomy technique, especially in the primary dentition. Mandibular primary canines and molars of 5 dogs (aged about 8-9 weeks)were selected for this study. The intervals of observation for histologic study of pulpotomized primary teeth with 2% glutaraldehyde, formocresol and calcium hydroxide in the usual manner ranged from 2 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 5 weeks after experiments respectively. Each specimens were fixed with 10% formalin and decalcified in 5% nitric acid. All slides were stained with Hematorylin-Eosin and examined histopathologically. The results were as follows; 1. In calcium hydroxide groups, formation of dentin bridge was initiated in 1 week after experiments and completed in 5 weeks after experiments. 2. Formation of dentin bridge was not seen, whereas necrosis of pulp tissue was noted, in formocresol and glutaraldehyde groups. 3. Duration of tissue reactions and tissue changes were similar, in formocresol and glutaraldehyde groups. 4. In formocresol and glutaraldehyde groups, amputation surfaces of the pulp were covered with blood clots, beneath which coagulation necrois was noted, but inflammatory cells were not prominent, in 2 hours and 1 week after experiments. But coagulation necrosis was proceeded to the apical portion, accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells, since 2 weeks after experiments. And suppuration or gangrene of the pulp tissue were noted in 3 weeks and 5 weeks groups. 5. Suppuration or gangrene of pulp seemed to provoke the resorption of dentin wall, and inflammatory changes and resorption of roots were noted in the periodontal membrane near the periapical region. 6. As compared with calcium hydroxide groups, resorption of the root was pronounced in form or cresol and glutaraldehyde groups. Effects of medicaments to the succedaneous tooth germ were not seen.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4363-4368
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• 2015

Background: The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) represents the percentage of neoplastic cell components compared to the combined area of neoplastic cells and the surrounding tumor-induced stroma. A low TSR (predomination of stromal component) has been demonstrated to be an independent adverse prognostic factor in cancers of several organs. In cervical carcinoma patients, TSR has been evaluated in only one previous study with different histological types. The present study aimed to assess the prognostic value of TSR in early stage cervical cancer patients with adenocarcinoma histology only. Materials and Methods: Histological slides of patients with early stage (IB-IIA) cervical adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment between January 2003 and December 2011 were reviewed. Patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy were excluded. TSR was categorized as low (<50%) and high (${\geq}50%$). Correlations between TSR and clinicopathological variables were evaluated. Prognostic values of TSR and other variables were estimated using Cox's regression. Results: Of 131 patients; 38 (29.0%) had low TSR and 93 (71.0%) had high TSR. The patients with low TSR had significantly higher proportions of deep cervical stromal invasion (outer third of wall, p=0.011; residual stroma less than 3 mm, p=0.008) and parametrial involvement (p=0.026). Compared to the patients with high TSR, those with low TSR tended to have lower 5-year disease-free survival rate (83.8% versus 88.9%) and overall survival rate (85.6% versus 90.3%), although the differences were not statistically significant. Low TSR was significantly associated with decreased overall survival in univariate analysis (HR 2.7; 95% CI 1.0-7.0; p=0.041), but not in multivariate analysis. TSR was not significantly associated with decreased disease-free survival. Conclusions: Low TSR is associated with decreased overall survival in patients with early stage cervical adenocarcinoma treated by surgery. However, it was not found to be an independent prognostic predictor in this study.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.455-467
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• 1996

견인력에 의한 치아 이동시 전반적인 치주 조직의 변화를 관찰하고 특히 제1형 교원질의 발현 정도 및 분포의 변화를 알아보고자, Sprague-Dawley계 백서 21마리를 대상으로 대조군(3마리)과 실험군(18마리)으로 나누었으며, 실험군은 양 중절치 사이에 견인력(75g)을 가한 후 12시간, 1일, 4일, 7일, 14일, 28일째에 각각 3마리씩 희생시켜, 시간에 따른 제1형 교원질의 발현과 조직학적 변화를 면역조직화학적 및 조직병리학적으로 관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 견인력을 가한 후 28일째까지, 견인측의 치주인대 섬유는 신장되어 있었고, 압박측의 치주인대 섬유는 압축되어 있었으며 치주인대 섬유의 배열은 완전히 회복되지 않았다. 대조군에서의 제1형 교원질 발현은 구강 상피, 전상아질, 치수와 치주인대에서 경미하였으나, 치조골에 연한 조골세포, 치근단의 무세포성 백악질, 조백악세포와 악간봉합 부위에서 약양성의 발현을 보였다. 실험군에서의 제1형 교원질의 발현은, 무세포성 백악질에서 치아 이동 1일째에 중등도, 7일째부터 강양성의 발현을 보였으며, 정중 구개 봉합 부위에서는 치아 이동 1일째에 중등도, 14일째부터 강양성 발현을 보였다. 치주인대에서는 치아 이동 4일째에서 견인측이 압박측보다 제1형 교원질의 발현이 많아져 7일째에서 최고조에 달하다가 14일째부터는 측간의 차이가 없었다. 골조직에서는 조골세포가 붙어 있는 골 주변부에서 강하게 반응을 보여 대조군과 구별되었으며 특히 7일째 이후에 많은 것으로 관찰되어 골개조 현상과 관련하여 주목되었다. 이러한 관찰로 교정적 치아 이동 후 골재형성 과정은 조직 형성 세포의 분화와 이들 세포에서 형성되는 제1형 교원질과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2012

본 연구는 서울시에서 '상상어린이공원 조성사업'으로 조성된 어린이 놀이시설물에서 나타나는 어린이들의 창의 놀이 행태 분석 및 창의 놀이 유형에 관한 연구를 수행함으로써 어린이들의 창의성을 함양하고 제고하기 위한 상상어린이 공원 놀이시설의 향후 개선방향에 대한 기초자료제시를 목적으로 수행하였다. 본 연구는 2008년에서부터 2010년까지 조성된 상상어린공원 제2차 사업지 6개소를 대상으로 놀이시설 도면 분석 및 놀이 현상에 대한 현장 비디오 촬영을 통한 관찰조사방법을 통해 수행하였으며, 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상상어린이공원의 놀이시설에는 모두 21개 유형의 창의 놀이 행태가 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 상상어린이공원의 중심시설이 조합놀이대로 디자인되어 있기 때문에, 놀이시설의 이용률은 절대적인 면에서 조합놀이대의 이용률이 높은 것으로 나타나고 있으나, 창의 놀이 행태는 그네, 흔들말과 같은 독립놀이시설에서 상대적으로 더 많이 나타나고 있었고, 셋째, 어린이들의 창의 놀의 행태는 조합놀이대와 같은 고정된 놀이시설보다는 그네, 흔들말과 같은 유동적 놀이시설과 모래사장과 같은 공간적 놀이시설에서 더 다양하게 나타나고 있었다. 넷째, 어린이들의 창의 놀이 행태는 유창성, 융통성, 독창성, 정교성, 상상력 등 5개 창의성 요소에서 분석될 수 있었으며, 창의 놀이 행태는 5개 창의성 요소에서 중복되어 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다. 다섯째, 이상의 결과에서 어린이들의 창의력을 제고시키기 위해서는 상상어린이공원의 조합놀이대 시설은 유동적 및 공간적 놀이시설과 복합화 하여 디자인되어야 할 필요가 있으며, 유창성, 융통성, 독창성보다는 상대적으로 적게 나타나고 있는 정교성 및 상상력을 제고하기 위해서는 공간적 놀이시설이나 공작형 놀이시설, 그림을 그릴 수 있는 화벽시설 등과 같은 놀이시설이 도입되어야 할 것으로 사료되었다.