• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.31-46
• /
• 1999

오늘날 자동차 시대를 맞이하여 교통문제가 심각한 사회문제로 제기되고 있고 보행이 도시와 사회의 공동체 의식을 복원시키는 화두로서 대두되며 나아가 도시의 미래공간을 친환경적이고 사람본위로 혁신하는 지렛대임을 의미하고 있는 상황에서, 본 논문은 보행유율을 사용하는 현재의 보행 서비스 수준의 분석기준을 안전성, 편리성, 쾌적성, 환경, 보호성, 연결성 등의 개념으로 접근하여 새로운 보행 서비스수준의 기준을 제시하고 향후 보도계획의 기초적 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 현재의 보행 서비스수준의 타당성 분석을 위해 진주시 일대와 부산시 일대의 시가지보도 중 미국의 도로요량 편람(USHCM)의 보행유율을 기준으로 서비스 수준이 A, C, E인 지점을 선정하여 보행자들이 실제로 느끼는 서비스 수준과 USHCM의 서비스 수준을 비교하기 위한 현장 면접조사를 실시하였다. 또한 서비스수준이 A와 B인 지점에서 보도공간의 서비스 실태 및 만족도를 분석하기 위해 현장 면접조사도 병행하였다. 그리고 보다 합리적인 보도의 보행 서비스수준의 기준을 정립하기 위해서 보행자를 대상으로 보행 서비스에 관한 의식조사를 실시하여 새로운 보행 서비스 평가의 기준을 선정하였다. 이 선정된 기준들에 따라 단계별 서비스 수준을 분석하고 A∼F등급의 보행자 서비스 수준의 기준을 제시하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.210-214
• /
• 2006

Along with the development of industrious society, the shape of city and the way of life have changed in accordance. The development of the city deepened gravitation of the city population, leading to the lack of housing and land, and apartment complexes became an alternative way of securing a number of families into a small space of land. Apartment can have a lot of families reside In a small space of land, and it can also be satisfactory to individual's privacy and anti-crime measures. On the other hand, there are negative problems with it. Among them, contacts with neighboring people showed that they only greeted each other when they met in the walkway. As shown in this, one of the reasons that there is a lack of friend ship activities is because there is short of space for common use. And in comparison to those of stairway walkway, apartments with one-passage walk way showed a higher level of contacts with neighbors. It is assumed that apartments with one-passage walk way have more chances to meet neighbors than do those of stairway walkway. This study analyzed the phases appearing in neighbor relations through investigation of the literature, and presented a coping measure. One solution is to prepare flower beds from the outside of walkway by enlarging the width of the walkway in apartments with one-passage walk way, and providing benches in front of flower beds so that residents can take a rest there. The more often residential people take a rest there, the more frequently they can meet each other. Accordingly this can solve problems of contacts with neighbors and the dreary scene of walkway can become a wider view in a nature friendly environment, bringing them to an active acquaintance activities.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 2021

In this work, a noble walkway approach suitable for Saudi Arabia (SA) towards its aim to develop a wide range of smart cities is considered scientifically. This work intends to minimize the errors at each level by testing the events that take place in the walkway environment. similarly, the minimum requirements to develop a walkway to the additional features to be considered while designing a walkway are discussed in this paper with sensitive areas such as environmental factors, healthcare issues, patients visiting the walkways, etc. The applications of different monitoring devices such as CCTV's, global positioning systems (GPS), etc. are carefully addressed to help the proposed method for improving the monitoring activities of a variety of events that possibly cause problems to a common man. The ultimate goal of this work to ensure a safe and satisfied journey of pedestrians while they come for a walk with all suitable safety measures. The safety measures included in this work are for pollution, noise, temperature, humidity and traffic jams on the roads. To improve the accuracy and to test the proposed approach some polices are defined and will be tested for the consistency of the proposed system. The obtained accuracy of the proposed system is proved to be far better with an accuracy of 93% improvement in the results.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1987년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(한일합동학술편); 한국과학기술대학, 충남; 16-17 Oct. 1987
• /
• pp.797-800
• /
• 1987

We developed a biofeedback gait training system; a 12 m measuring walkway with a training walker which moves at prescribed velocity. The walkway measures a.11 temporal and distance factors of gait. This system provides visual feedback for distance factors and auditory one for temporal at the prescribed walking velocity. Experiments were performed on normal and degenerative knee joint subjects, and this system was verified to be very useful.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2010

보행자도로의 서비스수준은 보행교통류율, 보행속도, 보행밀도의 보행특성으로 정의되고 있으며, 우리나라에서는 "도로용량편람"에서 이를 제시하고 있다. 그러나, 도로용량편람에서 제시한 서비스수준은 첨두시 출퇴근통행자를 대상으로 분석한 자료를 기반으로 하고 있어, 다양한 통행목적과 보다 쾌적한 보행환경을 고려한 서비스수준의 재정립이 요구되며, 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 시간대별 보행자의 특성을 조사 및 분석하고, 이를 통계적으로 검증하여 보행자도로의 평가기준을 제시하고자 한다. 보행자의 통행목적이 다양한 복합환승센터 인근도로를 대상으로 첨두시 및 비첨두시의 시간대별 보행속도 및 교통류율을 조사하고, 그룹간 통행특성이 다름을 통계적으로 검증하도록 한다. 이를 기반으로 보행밀도를 추정하는 모 형식을 구축하여 서비스수준 E에 해당하는 용량(67.3인/분/m)을 산출하였고, 기존 방법론에 따라 HCM의 서비스수준 단계별 범위를 적용하여 보행자도로의 서비스수준을 수립하며, 향후 보행자도로의 설계기준으로 활용할 수 있도록 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.635-636
• /
• 2009

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in walking pattern of the elderly during inclined walkway with uneven surfaces and level walking. 10 young($26.3{\pm}1.3$ years, $174.3{\pm}5.3\;cm$, $69.5{\pm}9.5\;kg$) and 13 elderly($72.4{\pm}5.2$ years, $164.5{\pm}5.4\;cm$, $66.1{\pm}9.6\;kg$) male subjects were participated in the experiment. Experiment consisted of 2 walking conditions: horizontal and inclined walkway with uneven surfaces. 3D motion capturing system were used to acquire and analyze walking motion data with sampling frequency of 120 Hz. To compare differences between conditions, kinematic variables(walking speed, stance-swing ratio, hip joint angle, knee joint angle, ankle joint angle, pelvic rotation angle) were used. Results showed that there were some changes of elderly walking pattern in inclined walkway with uneven surfaces: hip joint(adduction and rotation) and pelvic movement pattern. These changes by inclination and surface may affect gait pattern of young subjects as well as elderly subjects. However, in case of elderly it revealed more unstable gait than the young. Further study is necessary to clarify changes in walking pattern for elderly by considering various gait variables including head movement and various walkway conditions.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.516-520
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to determine optimal filtering condition and threshold for the detection of gait-cycles for various walkway slopes as well as gait velocities. Ten young healthy subjects with accelerometer system on thigh and ankle walked on a treadmill at 9 conditions (three speeds and three slopes) for 5 minutes. Two direction signals, i.e. anterior-posterior (AP) and superior-inferior (SI) directions, of each sensor (four sensor orientations) were used to detect specific events of gait cycle. Variation of the threshold (from -1G to 1G) and lowpass cutoff frequency (fc) were applied to the event detection and their performance was evaluated according to the error index (EI), which was defined as the combination of the accuracy and false positive rate. Optimal fc and threshold were determined for each slope in terms of the EI. The optimal fc, threshold and their corresponding EI depended much on the walkway slope so that their coefficients of variation (CV) ranged 19~120%. When all data for 3 slopes were used in the identification of optimal conditions for each sensor, the best error indices for all sensor orientations were comparable ranging 1.43~1.76%, but the optimal fc and threshold depended much on the sensor position. The result indicates that the gait-cycle detection robust to walkway slope is possible by threshold method with well-defined filtering condition and threshold.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2018

다공성 보도 블록은 이미 많이 사용되지만, 큰 침투성으로 인해 블록의 강도를 감소시키고, 균열 및 침전의 문제를 만든다. 본 연구에서는 최소 주응력의 결정된 위치를 설계하고 검증하기 위하여, 이동하는 체중하중에 대한 보행로 블록에서의 최소 주응력의 위치를 결정함으로써, 주어진 문제에 대한 최적해를 제시하였다. 최소 주응력의 결정된 위치에 대한 검증 예를, 내부에 빗물을 저장하기위한 통행보도의 탄성 기초상의 2 차원 블록 부재에 대하여 제시하였다. 전단력의 합력에 대한 최소값은 ${\times}1$이 58.58 mm(전체 스팬의 30%, 200 mm)일 때, 최소 변형은 ${\times}2=80mm$(전체 스팬의 70%, 200 mm)에 있다. 수정 된 모델에서, 이동하는 경계 조건(보도 보행 하중)이 ${\times}1$(= 0 mm)에 있을 때, 168 mm (스팬의 84%, 200 mm)에서 최소 주응력의 위치가 발견되었으며, 스프링으로 모델링 된 기초의 응답에 대하여 모델링하였다. 결과적으로, 중립 축(${\times}2=167mm$)에서의 빗물저장을 위한 보도블럭의 "0"변형 위치가 3 차원 FEM 분석 검증을 통하여 결정되었다.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.191-196
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gait speed and walkway slope on the body acceleration, for the future validation of using an accelerometer in the estimation of energy consumption. Ten young healthy subjects with accelerometers on the upper thigh and ankle walked on a treadmill at 9 conditions(three speeds ${\times}$ three slopes) for 5 minutes. Acceleration signals of four directions, i.e. anterior-posterior(AP), medio-lateral(ML), superior-inferior(SI) and vector sum(VS) directions, of each sensor were measured, and root means squared(RMS) values of them were used as analysis variables. As statistical analysis, repeated measure two-way ANOVA was performed for RMS accelerations at each attachment sites, with slope and velocity as independent factors. At both the upper thigh and ankle, RMS acceleration of all directions were affected by gait velocities(p<.001) showing greater accelerations for higher velocities. Contrary to expectations, no slope effect existed in RMS accelerations at hip. Moreover, RMS acceleraion at ankle decreased with slope in SI and VS directions(p<.01). These results suggests that RMS acceleration cannot reflect the change in physical activity due to the change in walkway slope.