• Bulletin of Food Technology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.85-103
• /
• 2006

지리적 표시란 농산물 및 그 가공품의 명성, 품질, 기타 특징이 본질적으로 특정지역의 지리적 특성에 기인하는 경우, 당해 농산물 및 그 가공품이 그 특정지역에서 생산된 특산품임을 표시하는 것을 의미한다. 지리적 표시제는 우수 농산물 및 그 가공품의 지리적 표시를 등록.보호함으로써 지리적 특산품의 품질을 향상하고 지역특화산업으로 육성하여 생산자를 보호.육성하고, 소비자에게는 특정 제품에 대한 지리적 명칭의 정보를 제공함으로써 안전하고 우수한 농산물 및 그 가공품을 소비할 수 있게 하여 궁극적으로 생산자와 소비자를 모두 보호하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 우루과이라운드(UR)에 의한 무역협상 타결로 '95년에 출범한 세계무역기구(WTO)는 "무역관련 지적재산권 협정(Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights: TRIPs)"을 다자간 무역협상의 대상으로 추가함으로써 통상교섭의 영역을 상품 및 서비스생산 중심에서 지적재산권 영역까지 확대시켰다. 우리나라는 2001년부터 "TRIPs" 협정에 대한 일반적 이행을 의무화하고 있으며, '96년 10월 한.EU기본협력협정 체결시 EU의 지리적표시 보호를 위한 제도적 장치 마련을 요구하는 등 국제적인 지리적표시 보호 강화 움직임에 보다 적극적으로 대처하고, 우리나라의 우수한 지리적 특산품을 국내 및 국제적으로 보호하기 위해 '99년 농수산물품질관리법에 지리적표시 등록제가 도입되었다. 현재 보성녹차, 하동녹차, 고창복분자, 영양고추 및 서산육쪽마늘, 의성마늘, 괴산 고추 및 순창고추장, 괴산 고춧가루, 성주참외, 해남겨울배추, 이천쌀, 철원쌀이 등록되었고 지역 경제 활성화에도 가교 역할을 하고 있어 다양한 품목에 대한 지리적 표시 등록을 위한 연구가 적극적으로 진행되고 있다. 본 고에서는최근 수행한 음성 고추, 제주 광어, 제주 감귤의 지리적 특성과 품질 특성과의 관계를 조사 분석한 연구내용을 소개하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.71-89
• /
• 2008

International technology transfer(ITT) or technology trade is a very comprehensive term covering various mechanisms and channels for shifting technologies across borders. Thus, it refers to numerous complex processes, ranging from innovation and international marketing of technology to its absorption and imitation. It includes technology, trade, and investment. Markets for exchanging technologies are inherently subject to failure due to appropriability problems, spillovers, asymmetric information, and market power. Thus, there is strong justification for public intervention. Technology developers are interested in reducing the costs and uncertainty of making transfers, along with protecting their rights to profit from such transfers. On the other hand, technology importers are interested in acquiring knowledge at minimal costs, asking for restricting sharply the exclusive rights of foreign firms to exploit technology. The purpose of this paper is to review the characteristics, risks, legal issues and contractual check points of ITT, focusing on the avoidance of commercial disputes during the very complex processes of ITT.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2016.10a
• /
• pp.126-127
• /
• 2016

지리적 표시 단체표장은 WTO/TRIPs 협정체결을 통하여 비로소 범국가적으로 보호되기 시작한 신지식재산권이다. 지리적 표시라 함은 상품의 특정 품질 및 명성 또는 그 밖의 특성이 본질적으로 특정지역에서 비롯된 경우 그 지역에서 생산 및 제조 또는 가공된 상품임을 나타내는 표시를 말한다. 본 연구는 지리적 표시 단체표장과 관련된 연구를 중심으로 문헌분석을 수행하기 위해 2000년부터 2016년까지 우리나라 학술지에 게재된 연구를 대상으로 하였다. 국내 학술논문을 수집하기 위해 사회과학 논문 데이터베이스인 RISS와 DBpia 및 KISS에서 "지리적 표시 단체표장"의 주제어를 이용하여 검색하였다. 검색을 통해 총 24편의 논문을 수집하였다. 문헌분석을 통해 나타난 지리적 표시 표장제도에 대한 문제점과 시사점 그리고 이론적 학술적 의의를 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.100-111
• /
• 1997

Owing to the urbanization, the industrialization and joining to WTo, there are lots of fallow and abandoned farmlands in Korea. Those results have occurred inefficient land use and destruction of agricultural ecosystem with the secondary succession and invasion of alien weeds. Using these fallow and abandoned farmlands, Korean government tries to create the ecological parks for the nature conservation, amenity, education and research, etc. For these purposes, materials on the ecological park construction were gathered from abroad such as England, Germany, Switzerland and Japan and also field trips to those countries were executed in April,1996. Accordingly, the goal for the ecological parks could be set suitably to Korean situation as of Japanese styles which are characterized by man-made biotopes. For a case study, dragonfly was selected as an indicator of the rehabilitation of water-side ecosystem, arid a site was selected for the dragonfly biotope under the criteria of selection to the Experimental Farm of Korea University including near abandoned farmlands (Dogok-ri, Wabu-eup, Namyangju city Kyunggi-do). Natural and cultural factors of this site were inventoried and analyzed, and then with the results dragonfly biotope was planned to the site with the detailed ecotechnology.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.5-30
• /
• 2005

Globalization has conflicting effects on pharmaceutical policies. A change into a 'populist competitive nation' due to globalization strengthens policies to reduce drug manufacturing costs while the WTO's TRIPS Agreement that is affected by multinational pharmaceutical companies increases drug manufacturing costs by bolstering the patent rights on new drugs. Currently, the independency of populist nations' policies to reduce drug manufacturing cost is being compromised because multinational organizations(such as the European Union) which represents the interests of the multinational pharmaceutical companies put restrictions on the pharmaceutical policies of populist nations for purposes of promoting the industrial goals of the multinational companies. Korea is no exception. Up until the late 1990s, the main feature of the pharmaceutical policies in Korea was keeping the drug price at the cost level based on a growth-driven ideology, and this was Korea's unique policy tools as a developing nation. However, the increase in the power of multinational pharmaceutical companies currently infringes on the independency of Korea's pharmaceutical policies. Expensive imported drugs were originally covered by the national health insurance plan, but starting from 1999 such drugs began to be covered by the plan. After separation of medical and pharmaceutical services, the use of expensive drugs was increased, and the Korean government planned to introduce the reference price policy in order to contain the cost of the national health insurance plan. However, due to pressures from the U.S. government as well as multinational pharmaceutical companies, implementation of the policy has been postponed. In addition, due to a pressure from the U.S. government, a working group was created which would affect the health care policy of the Korean government. Discussions so far on globalization was about whether the change into populist competitive nations due to globalization resulted in the reduction of welfare spending. However, this study shows not only the reduction of health care cost through policies to reduce drug manufacturing costs but increase in welfare spending by raising the strengths of multinational pharmaceutical companies that are for-profit providers of welfare service. While focusing on the contradictory effects of globalization on pharmaceutical policies of a nation, this study looked at how these conflicting effects end up promoting the interests of multinational pharmaceutical companies by examining the Korean case.