• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2010

Proximate composition of whole hemp seed, paste viscosity of whole hemp seed pellets, bulk density, color, compression force, water solubility and absorption index and bowl life of whole hemp seed flakes manufactured by extrusion process were determined to evaluate whole hemp seed as flake additive. Extrusion process conditions were 35% of moisture content and 90, 100 and 110$^{\circ}C$ of barrel temperature. Content of moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash from whole hemp seed were 5.67${\pm}$0.02%, 25.93${\pm}$0.16%, 28.21${\pm}$0.56% and 7.70${\pm}$0.08%, respectively. The pellets hemp seed at 100 or 110$^{\circ}C$ had higher paste viscosity as compared to those pellet at 90$^{\circ}C$. The bulk density values of all hemp seed flakes were between 0.24 to 0.43 g/mL, depending on the barrel temperatures. The hardness of flake increased with decreasing percentage of hemp seed in flakes. An increase in barrel temperature from 90$^{\circ}C$ to 110$^{\circ}C$ resulted in increase of WSI and decrease of WAI. The bowl life of hemp seed flakes was increased from 5.8 to 15.5 min with the decrease in percentage of hemp seed. The highest overall quality was showed in flake added with 20% of hemp seed.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 1998

A series of experiments were carried out to determine the effect of seed dressing application of chemicals on the early occurring rice insect pests. The number of small brown planthopper adults per 3hills in seed-dressing plot of Imidacloprid WS (Im WS) was 1.6 and its control efficacy was over 90%, compared with that of untreated plot. Rice water weevil was observed in the density of 8.8 larvae per 5 hills seed-dressed Im WS plots(showing 95.5% of control efficacy). Control efficacy of Im WS and Im GR against adult weevils lasted for 26 days after treatment and was higher than that of Carbofuran GR. Rates of injured stems by rice stem maggot and injured leaves by rice leaf miner were 3% and 3.7% in Im WS treatment plot respectively. Seed germination rate after seed dressing with recommended dosage (3 g/seed kg) of Im WS was 71 % on the 1st day and increased on 5th day up to that of untreated seed. The residual amount of Im in seed dressing plot was 0.11 ppm in rice roots and 0.05 ppm in leaves on the 40th day after treatment. Residual effect of Im WSI sustained for 50 days with over 95% insecticidal effect for the rice water weevil and over 90% for the brown planthopper. Quantity of the chemical applied in the field was calculated as 0.084 kg a.i./ha in seed dressing and 0.3 kg a.i./ha in seed box treatment, respectively It took 1 hour to treat insecticide by seed dressing, 2.5 hours by seed box applying, and 3.6 hours by water surface releasing per 990 $m^2$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.1336-1342
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• 2017

The study examined and compared the physicochemical and characteristics of various rice brand varieties and private brand products on the market. The moisture content in the proximate composition of rice was 15.67~17.03%, crude protein content was 5.73~6.30%, crude lipid content was 0.38~0.95%, and crude ash content was 0.23~0.56 %. Ilmi and Ilpum had high moisture content, whereas Gosihikkari and Hopyeong had high crude protein content. In the Hunter's color value of rice flour, L value was 96.76~97.27, a value was -1.63~-0.63, and b value was 2.00~2.60. The WAI was 1.21~1.39, WSI was 0.63~0.93%, and amylose content was 14.63~20.86%, respectively; Gosihikkari and Ilmi showed the lowest values. The X-ray diffraction patterns of rice flours of all varieties showed an A shape. For the amylogram properties of rice flour, initial pasting temperature was $59.57{\sim}63.23^{\circ}C$, maximum viscosity was 569.00~718.67 B.U. (Brabender Units), breakdown was 303.00~423.67 B.U., and setback was 212.67~265.33 B.U.. For differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of rice flour, onset temperature was $54.66{\sim}58.63^{\circ}C$, peak temperature was $65.87{\sim}68.14^{\circ}C$, end temperature was $73.37{\sim}75.54^{\circ}C$, and enthalpy was 1.98~2.95 cal/g. The rice varieties with high internal density and initial pasting temperature as well as low crude protein content, WAI, amylose content, and setback can be classified as good. Gosihikkari in Gyeonggi Province, Ilmi and Hopyeong in Jeollanam-do, and Samgwang in Chungcheongnam-do are among them.