• Title/Summary/Keyword: WC/C 코팅

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A Study on High Temperature Oxidation of WC-20%CrC-7%NiCr coatings by HVOF Thermal Spray (HVOF 용사법으로 제조된 WC-20%CrC-7%NiCr 코팅의 고온산화연구)

  • Song, Gi-O;Toshio, Narita;Yun, Jae-Hong;Jo, Dong-Yul;Ju, Yun-Gon;Bang, Wi;Yun, Seok-Jo;Hwang, Sun-Yeong;Jeong, Gil-Bong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2007.04a
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    • pp.93-94
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    • 2007
  • 최근 사회전반에 걸쳐 사용되어온 경질 Cr 코팅이 제조 시 발암물질로 알려져 있는 $Cr^{+6}$을 발생함에 따라 이를 대체할 수 있는 표면개질법이 대두되고 있다. 또한 경질 Cr 코팅은 일반적으로 $200^{\circ}C$의 온도에서부터 경도가 서서히 감소되며 $400^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 사용하기 어려운 제한점이 있다. 따라서 이 이상의 고온 안정성을 가지는 우수한 표면개질법에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다.

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Tribological characteristics of WC/C multilayer films with various environments (WC/C 박막 코팅의 환경변화에 따른 트라이볼로지적 특성)

  • 이은성;김석삼;김종국
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.78-87
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    • 2001
  • The friction and wear behaviors of WC/C multilayer coating were investigated by using a pin on disk type tester. The experiment was conducted by using silicon nitride (S $i_{3}$ $N_{4}$) as a pin material and WC/C multilayer coating on bearing steel (STB2) as a disk material, under various environments that are atmospheric conditions of high vacuum( 1,3$\times$10$^{-4}$ Pa), medium vacuum( 1.3$\times$10$^{-l}$Pa). ambient air( 10$^{5}$ pa)(3 types) and relative humidity(2~98%) conditions. The results showed that WC/C coating fracture was suddenly increased with increasing degree of vacuum, because of high adhesion. So, WC/C coating could not be displayed their ability as solid lubricant. WC/C coating could be displayed better abilitv as solid lubricant with increasing relative humidity. because of oxide film, size and shape of wear debris. The friction coefficient and specific wear rate became better about RH 50%.%.

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Anti-Corrosion Characteristics of WC-based Alloy Coatings Fabricated by HVOF Process - Polarization Characteristics in Acid Solution - (HVOF 용사법에 의해 제조된 WC계 합금 코팅층의 방식특성(I) - 산성용액에서의 분극특성 -)

  • Kim, Tae-Yong;Kim, Yeong-Sik
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.72-77
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    • 2014
  • The aim of this study to investigate polarization characteristics of WC-based alloy coatings fabricated by high velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF) process. The coatings were fabricated by HVOF process with WC-CrC-Ni, WC-Co-Cr, WC-Co composite powders. Corrosion tests were carried out using potentiostat/galvanostat at solution with pH 2 and pH 6. Corrosion potential(Ecorr) and corrosion current density(Icorr) could be analyzed from polarization curve. WC-Co-Cr coating showed more incorrodible characteristics than other coatings at solution pH 2. WC-CrC-Ni coating was more favorable anti-corrosion characteristics than other coatings at solution with pH 6.

Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of CrAlN Coatings by Interlayer Deposition (중간층 증착에 의한 CrAlN 코팅의 기계적 물성 및 내열성 향상에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hoe-Geun;Ra, Jeong-Hyeon;Song, Myeon-Gyu;Lee, Sang-Yul
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2016.11a
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    • pp.100-100
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    • 2016
  • 물리기상증착방법 (Physical vapor deposition)에 의하여 합성된 천이금속 질화물 박막은 경도, 내마모성 등 절삭공구의 성능을 향상시키며, Ti-Al-N, Ti-Zr-N, Zr-Al-N, Cr-Si-N 등의 3원계 경질 박막에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 이중에서도 CrAlN 코팅은 높은 경도, 낮은 표면 조도 등의 우수한 기계적 특성 이외에 고온에서 안정한 합금상 형성으로 인하여 우수한 내열성을 보유하여 공구 코팅으로의 적용 가능성이 크다. 그러나 최근 공구사용 환경의 가혹화로 인하여 코팅의 내마모성 및 내열성 등의 물성 향상을 통한 공구의 수명 향상이 필요시 되고 있으며, 코팅에 적합한 중간층을 합성함으로써 공구 코팅으로의 적용 가능성을 높이는 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 CrAlN 코팅의 물성을 향상시키기 위해 CrAlN 코팅과 WC-Co 6wt.% 모재 사이에 CrN, CrZrN, CrN/CrZrSiN 등의 다양한 중간층을 합성하였으며, 중간층을 포함한 모든 코팅의 두께는 $3{\mu}m$ 로 제어하였다. 합성된 코팅의 미세조직, 경도 및 탄성계수, 내모성을 분석하기 위해 field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), nano-indentation, ball-on-disk 마모시험기 및 ${\alpha}-step$을 사용하였다. 코팅의 내열성을 확인하기 위해 코팅을 furnace에 넣어 공기중에서 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, $1,000^{\circ}C$로 30분 동안 annealing 한 후에 nano-indentation을 사용하여 경도를 측정하였다. CrAlN 코팅을 나노 인덴테이션으로 분석한 결과, 모든 코팅의 경도(35.5-36.2 GPa)와 탄성계수(424.3-429.2 GPa)는 중간층의 종류에 상관없이 비슷한 값을 보인 것으로 확인됐다. 그러나, 코팅의 마찰계수는 중간층의 종류에 따라 다른 값을 보였으며, CrN/CrZrSiN 중간층을 증착한 CrAlN 코팅의 마찰계수는 0.34로 CrZrN 중간층을 증착한 CrAlN 코팅의 마찰계수(0.41)에 비해 낮은 값을 보였다. 또한, 코팅의 마모율 및 마모폭도 비슷한 경향을 보인 것으로 보아, CrN/CrZrSiN 중간층을 합성한 CrAlN 코팅의 내마모성이 상대적으로 우수한 것으로 판단된다. 이것은 중간층의 H/E ratio가 코팅의 내마모성에 미치는 영향에 의한 결과로 사료된다. H/E ratio는 파단시의 최대 탄성 변형율로써, 모재/중간층/코팅의 H/E ratio 구배에 따라 코팅 내의 응력의 완화 정도가 변하게 된다. WC 모재 (H/E=0.040)와 CrAlN 코팅(H/E=0.089) 사이에서 CrN, CrZrSiN 중간층의 H/E ratio 는 각각 0.076, 0.083 으로 모재/중간층/코팅의 H/E ratio 구배가 점차 증가함을 확인 할 수 있었고, 일정 응력이 지속적으로 가해지면서 진행되는 마모시험중에 CrN과 CrZrSiN 중간층이 WC와 CrAlN 코팅 사이에서 코팅 내부의 응력구배를 완화시키는 역할을 함으로써 CrAlN 코팅의 내마모성이 향상된 것으로 판단된다. 모든 코팅을 열처리 후 경도 분석결과, CrN/CrZrSiN 중간층을 증착한 CrAlN 코팅은 $1,000^{\circ}C$까지 약 28GPa의 높은 경도를 유지한 것으로 확인 되었고, 이는 CrZrSiN 중간층 내에 존재하는 $SiN_x$ 비정질상의 우수한 내산화성에 의한 결과로 판단된다.

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Diamond Films on Electroless Ni-P Plated WC-Co Substrates (무전해 Ni-P도금층/WC-Co기판 상에 다이아몬드 막 제조)

  • Kim, Jin-Oh;Kim, Hern;Park, Jeong-Il;Park, Kwang-Ja
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.8 no.5
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    • pp.742-748
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    • 1997
  • Diamond films which have high hardness and thermal conductivity can be used to improve the performance of WC-Co as a cutting tool material. However, it is difficult to get such coatings of good uniformity and adhesiveness due to the surface characteristics of WC-Co. To get better coatings, some techniques, such as the surface treatment of substrate or the formation of interlayer between substrate and diamond film, have been tried. In the present work, the nickel interlayer is formed onto WC-Co by electroless Ni-P plating, which is introduced as a new method, and then diamond film is deposited on the interlayer. Formation and uniformity of three layers, i.e., substrate, electroless plate, and diamond film, and the adhesiveness of interlayers were studied. To investigate the effects of pretreatment on electroless plating, two different methods such as acid treatment and diamond powder treatment were used. The effects of heat treatment of the electroless plated surface on adhesiveness between the substrate and the interlayer were examined. It was found that as the temperature increases, the Ni crystals grow and then result in improved adhesiveness. Diamond film coatings of pure diamond phase were obtained at $800^{\circ}C$. It is concluded that the heat treated electroless Ni-P plating can be effectively used as a interlayer between WC-Co substrate and diamond film.

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Microstructural and Wear Properties of WC-based and Cr3C2-based Cermet Coating Materials Manufactured with High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Process (고속 화염 용사 공정으로 제조된 WC계 및 Cr3C2계 Cermet 코팅 소재의 미세조직 및 마모 특성)

  • Kang, Yeon-Ji;Ham, Gi-Su;Kim, Hyung-Jun;Yoon, Sang-Hoon;Lee, Kee-Ahn
    • Journal of Powder Materials
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.408-414
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    • 2018
  • This study investigates the microstructure and wear properties of cermet (ceramic + metal) coating materials manufactured using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process. Three types of HVOF coating layers are formed by depositing WC-12Co, WC-20Cr-7Ni, and Cr3C2-20NiCr (wt.%) powders on S45C steel substrate. The porosities of the coating layers are $1{\pm}0.5%$ for all three specimens. Microstructural analysis confirms the formation of second carbide phases of $W_2C$, $Co_6W_6C$, and $Cr_7C_3$ owing to decarburizing of WC phases on WC-based coating layers. In the case of WC-12Co coating, which has a high ratio of $W_2C$ phase with high brittleness, the interface property between the carbide and the metal binder slightly decreases. In the $Cr_3C_2-20CrNi$ coating layer, decarburizing almost does not occur, but fine cavities exist between the splats. The wear loss occurs in the descending order of $Cr_3C_2-20NiCr$, WC-12Co, and WC-20Cr-7Ni, where WC-20Cr-7Ni achieves the highest wear resistance property. It can be inferred that the ratio of the carbide and the binding properties between carbide-binder and binder-binder in a cermet coating material manufactured with HVOF as the primary factors determine the wear properties of the cermet coating material.

Dependence of the Diamond Coating Adhesion on the Microstructure of WC-Co Substrates (WC-Co계 미세조직에 따른 CVD 다이아몬드 코팅막의 접착력 변화)

  • Lee, Dong-Beum;Chae, Ki-Woong
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.41 no.10 s.269
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    • pp.728-734
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    • 2004
  • The effect of microstructure of WC-Co substrates which have different WC grain sizes from submicron to 5 $\mu$m on the diamond-substrate adhesion strength was investigated. The substrates were pre-treated by two methods : chemical etching with Murakami's solution and subsequently with $H_2SO_4$, and thermal heat-treatment. The adhesion strength was estimated by degree of peeling after Rockwell indentation. Diamond films of 20 $\mu$m thickness deposited on the heat-treated substrates showed an excellent adhesion strength at the load of 100 kg, which ascribed to the large and elongated WC grains. However, the cutting edge of insert was deformed after heat treatment and the surface morphology of heat treated substrate strongly affected on the surface roughness of the deposited diamond films. On the contrary, the diamond film of 10 $\mu$m in thickness on the chemically etched substrates of average WC grain size over 2 $\mu$m showed good adhesion strength enough not to peel-off under a load of 60 kg. Especially, the substrate of average WC grain size over 5 $\mu$m exhibited much improved reliability of adhesion comparing with the substrate of average grain size under 2 $\mu$m. No substrate deformation was observed in this case after the chemical etching, which is more advantageous and more practical in terms of precious machining than the heat treatment case.

Role of Amorphous Silicon carbide in Microstructure and mechanical Properties of nc_TiC/a-SiC Nanocpomposite Coatings Prepared by PECVD (nc-TiC/a-SiC 나노복합체코팅의 기계적 특성 및 미세구조에서 비정질 SiC의 역할)

  • Lee, Ju-Hui;Kim, Gwang-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.123-124
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    • 2007
  • 3성분계 Ti-Si-C 코팅은 PECVD 기술에 의해 WC-Co 기판에 합성되었다. 이 연구에서 Ti-Si-C코팅에서의 비정질 silicon carbide 상의 효과는 XRD, XPS, TEM에 의해 분석되었다. TiC 결정의 입자크기는 비정질 silicon carbide의 침투 현상 때문에 Si의 함유량이 증가됨에 따라 감소된다. Ti-Si-C 코팅은 5.2%의 Si함유량에서 나노크기의 nc-TiC결정과 비정질 a-SiC로 이루어져 있고 최고 경도 33GPa와 탄성율 330GPa를 각각 보여주고 있다. 이 수치들은 순수한 TiC(-21GPa, 260Gpa)보다 눈에 띄게 높아졌다.

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Tribological Behavior Analysis of WC-Ni-Cr + Cr3C2 and WC-Ni-Cr + YSZ Coatings Sprayed by HVOF (고속 화염 용사법으로 제조된 WC계 Cr3C2 코팅과 WC계 YSZ 코팅의 마찰 및 마모 거동 연구)

  • Tae-Jun Park;Gye-Won Lee ;Yoon-Suk Oh
    • Journal of Powder Materials
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.415-423
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    • 2023
  • With the increasing attention to environmental pollution caused by particulate matter globally, the automotive industry has also become increasingly interested in particulate matter, especially particulate matter generated by automobile brake systems. Here, we designed a coating composition and analyzed its mechanical properties to reduce particulate matter generated by brake systems during braking of vehicles. We designed a composition to check the mechanical properties change by adding Cr3C2 and YSZ to the WC-Ni-Cr composite composition. Based on the designed composition, coating samples were manufactured, and the coating properties were analyzed by Vickers hardness and ball-on-disk tests. As a result of the experiments, we found that the hardness and friction coefficient of the coating increased as the amount of Cr3C2 added decreased. Furthermore, we found that the hardness of the coating layer decreased when YSZ was added at 20vol%, but the friction coefficient was higher than the composition with Cr3C2 addition.

Wear Property of HVOF WC-CoCr Coating Manufactured by Optimal Coating Process (최적 고속화염용사코팅 공정기술에 의하여 제조된 WC-CoCr 코팅의 마모 특성)

  • Song, Ki O;Cho, Tong Yul;Yoon, Jae Hong;Fang, W.;Youn, Seok Jo;Youn, Kuk Tae;Suh, Chang Hee;Hwang, Soon Young;Ha, Sung Sik
    • Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.351-356
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    • 2008
  • Thermally sprayed tungsten carbide-based powder coatings are being widely used for a variety of wear resistance applications. The coating deposited by high velocity processes such as high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying is known to provide improved wear resistant property. In this study, optimal coating process (OCP) is obtained by the study of coating properties such as surface hardness, porosity, surface roughness and microstructure of 9 coatings prepared by Taguchi program for 3 levels of four spray parameters. The Friction and wear behaviors of HVOF WC-CoCr coating prepared by OCP, electrolytic hard chrome (EHC) plating and Inconel718 (In718) are investigated by reciprocating sliding wear test at $25^{\circ}C$, $450^{\circ}C$. Friction coefficients (FC) of all of the 3 samples are decreased as increasing sliding surface temperature from $25^{\circ}C$ to $450^{\circ}C$. FC of WC-CoCr decreases as increasing the surface temperature from $0.33{\pm}0.02$ at $25^{\circ}C$ to $0.26{\pm}0.02$ at $450^{\circ}C$, showing the lowest FC among the 3 samples. Wear trace (WT) and wear depth (WD) of WC-CoCr are smaller than those of EHC and In718 both at $25^{\circ}C$ and $450^{\circ}C$. These show that WC-CoCr is highly recommendable for protective coating on In718 and other metal components.