• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1426-1436
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• 2004

There have been several reports on the relationship between G protein β3 subunit gene (GNB3), angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE), β3-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB3), and β2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2) genotype and obesity or obesity related disease. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the combinations of these four genes' polymorphism and probability of obesity related disease in Korean female subjects. The experimental group was consisted of 85 obese Korean female subjects (body mass index, BMI≥27㎏/㎡). To determine the polymorphism, genomic DNA was isolated, and PCR was performed. Serological examinations (fasting plasma glucose, FPG; aspartate aminotranferase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; total cholesterol, TC; triglyceride, TG; high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL; low density lipoprotein-choles terol, LDL) were carried by an autoanalyzer and serological methods. BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and waist hip ratio (WHR) were measured. Consequencely in the analysis with grouping of general genotyping and variant allele carrier/non-carrier, the result was not significantly different within all gene combinations and polymorphic pairings except higher waist circumference in Arg16Arg group of ADRB2 codon16 (P=0.024). And there was no significantly contrast result about age, height, weight, AST and ALT that are index feature of liver and gall bladder disease in polymorphic pairings of gene combinations. However, the statistical analysis of waist-hip ratio and waist circumference that could be recognized as the physical type of obesity showed T-Arg16 pairing carrier in GNB3-ADRB2 codon16 combination had increased WHR and WC significantly (P=0.046 and P=0.015 respectively). Futhermore, the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein choresteral (LDL) were significantly lower in C-I pairing of GNB3-ACE combination (P=0.032 and P=0.005). These results suggest that the T-Arg16 pairing carrier in GNB3-ADRB2 codon16 gene might have increased waist circumference and C-I pairing carrier in GNB3-ACE combination have lower possibility of contraction of cardiovascular disease related cholesterol and LDL despite of obese state.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.899-907
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of floor exercise on senior fitness test, blood lipids and arterial stiffness in elderly women with metabolic syndrome. Forty one elderly women with metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to a exercsie group(n=23) or control goup(n=18). The exercise group performed floor exercise for 12 weeks, 3times per week. Exercise intensity was increased gradually from 30%-60% of heart rate reserve. Senior fitness, blood lipids profile and arterial stiffness were measured pre and post the 12 weeks intervention. Senior fitness(lower body strength, upper body strength, flexibility, aerobic capacity and body composition(%fat, LBM, WC)), Blood lipids(TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C) and Arterial stiffness(PWV) were significantly improved in the exercise group after floor exercise, however no changes were confirmed in the control group. These findings indicates that 12 weeks of floor exercise improves senior fitness, blood lipids and arterial stiffness in elderly women with metabolic syndrome. Thus, this study provides evidence that floor exercise is important methods to improve metabolic syndrome health. And it can reduce metabolic syndrome symptoms risk in elderly women with metabolic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.826-837
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• 2007

Gallstone composition has changed over the past decades in the Korean with a prominent increase in the prevalence of cholesterol gallstone. This trend is possibly due to the westernization of dietary habits. The purpose of this study was descriptive of GB patient's health related eating behaviors and nutrient consumption patterns. One hundred and six gallstone patients who have had cholecystitis surgery enrolled in this study. Anthropomertic indices, such as height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured and calculated BMI and WHR. As the biomarker, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FBG level and SBP/DBP were measured and analyzed the relationship with GB stone formation. The structured checklist of health related eating behavior and the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire after pre-test was used in the face to face interview study. The mean age was $54.9{\pm}13.3$ and gallstone disease was more frequent in the fifties and sixties. Mean BMI was $24.3{\pm}2.8$ in males, and $23.4{\pm}3.9$ in females, the average of waist circumference was $91.1{\pm}7.0cm$ in males and females were $85.4{\pm}9.6cm$. The WHR of men and women was $0.93{\pm}0.0,\;0.90{\pm}0.1$, respectively. The obesity and overweight trend was observed in gallstone patients. The mean blood sugar was researched at $114.5{\pm}35.0mg/dL$. And the ratio of both symptoms DM and gallstone was 26.4%. The rate of dramatic eating repast was significantly higher in the females (p<0.01). Males tended to more frequently consume meat, of high fat content meats and greasy food consumption when eating out. The CPF ratio was 57:16.5:26.5. There was a significant positive correlation between WC and energy (r=0.252, p<0.05), carbohydrate (r=0.255, p<0.05) and niacin (r=0.227, p<0.05). In addition, carbohydrate were significantly correlatied with TC (r=0.230, p<0.05). BMI appeared positive in correlation of protein (r=0.201, p<0.05) and fat (r=0.205, p<0.05). These findings provide a little association that dietary habits are related with cholesterol gallstone formation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.455-462
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• 2007

The participants were recruited 77 healthy adult persons aged between 20 and 50 who have BMI above $25kg/m^2$ in this study. All subjects were randomly assigned to the Gentro $F^{(R)}$ drinking group and non-drinking group. We were investigated about abdomen fat decreasing effect of Gentro $F^{(R)}$, distillate of pepper. Total fat area (TFA), subcutaeneous fat area (SFA) and visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area/visceral fat area ratio (SVR) has been assessed by obesity index (BMI, body fat percent, waist circumference), CT scan taken on the $L4{\sim}5$ position, umbilicus level and blood analysis evaluated during 3 month. The obesity indexes were a little decreased in two groups. However, the waist circumference (WC) was decreased about 5% in drinking group after 3 month and there was significant difference in the change 2 and 3 between two group. TFA and VFA were significantly decreased in the drinking group compare to the non-drinking group (p<0.05) and in umbilicus and $L4{\sim}5$ position, were $370.33{\pm}92.30,\;380.35{\pm}97.64\;and\;114.90{\pm}44.91,\;101.99{\pm}41.24$, respectively. These result means that Gentro $F^{(R)}$ is effective on abdomen fat decreasing. Total cholesterol were decreased without difference in both groups. Lipid factors (TG, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol) were decreased without significance. The mea surement of SVR taken on the $L4{\sim}5$ position were more significantly correlated with obesity index that BMI was 0.787, body fat percentage was 0.754 than on the umbilicus level. The TFA and VSA was correlated with ALP, ASP, Albumin, Insulin and the SVR was correlated with the indexes of liver function and lipid factor found in the blood. Therefore, it is conclude that Gentro $F^{(R)}$ drinking leads to a decrease in abdominal obesity by reducing waist circumference and visceral fat area.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.52-68
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the weight loss effects of auricular acupuncture in obese patients. Methods: Six databases (Research Information Sharing Service [RISS], Korean studies Information Service System [KISS], Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], PubMed, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI]) were searched up to May 20, 2020. Eight eligible randomized controlled trials were included the present study. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and a meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager software. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model and a subgroup analysis was performed to detect the sources of heterogeneity, identify the selection of acupuncture methods and explore its contributions to the weight loss effects. Results: Among 8 trials, 5 trials used auricular acupuncture and 2 trials used auricular acupressure, 1 trial used both types of intervention. Most commonly selected acupoints were Shenmen (TF4) and stomach (CO4). Treatment duration was six to twelve weeks, and total treatment session was six to twelve. Compared to the control groups, auricular acupuncture significantly decreased body weight, body mass index (BMI), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) and ghrelin. For the selection of acupuncture methods, both methods performed similarly in most outcome except waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BFP), and triglycerides (TG). Conclusions: We found that auricular acupuncture can be effective for weight loss and controlling appetite. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity. So further vigorous and well-designed studies should be conducted to strengthen the evidence of the use of auricular acupuncture for obesity.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was aimed to assess the distribution of metabolic syndrome according to Sasang constitution(SC) in acute stroke patients. Methods : We assessed the type of SC of acute stroke patients in the oriental medical hospitals of 3 universities located in metropolitan region from October 2005 to June 2007 by Ouestionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCC II). Then, we investigated the general characteristics, the prevalence of each factor of the metabolic syndrome and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome according to SC. Results : 338 subjects were included into the final analysis. 1. This study showed that the proportion of So-yang was highest of all constitutions(45.9%). 2. The prevalence of high TG, low HDL-chol, high BP, high FBS of Tae-um were higher than those of the other constitutions, but the differencecs were not statistically significant. The prevalence of high WC of Tae-um was significantly higher than other constitutions(p<0.001). 3. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome of Tae-um was significantly higher than other constitutions (p=0.002). Conclusion : There were significant differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to SC in acute stroke patients. For the further research, it seems to be necessary to construct fundamental databases for stroke by increasing the number of patients and by diagnosing SC more delicately.