• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.16-22
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the trunk and lower extremity muscle activity induced by three different intensity conditions (intensity 1, 3, 5) of whole body vibration (WBV) during bridging exercise. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure trunk and lower extremity muscles activity. Eleven healthy young subjects (6 males, 5 females) were recruited from university students. The collected EMG data were normalized using reference contraction (no vibration during bridging) and expressed as a percentage of reference voluntary contraction. To analyze the differences in EMG data, the repeated one-way analysis of variance was used. A Bonferroni's correction was used for multiple comparisons. The study showed that EMG activity of the rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, erector spinae and rectus femoris muscles was not significantly different among three intensity conditions of WBV during bridging exercise (p>.05). However, there were significantly increased EMG activity of the medial hamstring muscle (p=.001) and medial gastrocnemius muscle (p=.027) in the intensity 3 condition compared with the intensity 1 condition. This result can be interpreted that vibration was absorbed through the distal muscles, plantar flexor and knee flexor.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to assess leg muscle activities during whole body vibration (WBV) training with various squat position exercises. Subjects performed four different squat exercises on a vibration platform (VM-10, Sonicworld Co.) Ten healthy women volunteers (age $21{\pm}1.3years$, height $160{\pm}2.1cm$, weight $52{\pm}4.6kg$) were selected. EMG signals four leg muscles were taken and analyzed. The exercises were performed both with 10 seconds WBV and without 10 seconds WBV. Muscle activities during WBV were compared with non-vibration stimulus. In the result, EMG signals caused by WBV were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared with non-vibration stimulus in all leg muscles and squat exercises. The increase in muscle activity caused by Whole body vibration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in LS and OS compared with HU&HS.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2016

This research was to investigate the effect of fatigue reduction and heart rate recovery (HRR) according to whole body vibration (WBV). 20 healthy participants were recruited and divided into vibration group (VG) and none vibration group (NVG). VG was group with provided vibration and NVG was group without vibration. They exercised slope gait with 8.5 degree and 4km/h during 30min. They rested on the chair type vibrator during 30min. The vibration consists of 10hz as frequency and 5mm as amplitude. We measured the lactate in the blood and HRR before, immediately after exercise and after rest session. The results showed that lactate level in VG the more decreased at 95.2%. The result of HRR was similar including recovery at 50.67% in VG. The WBV with stimulated vessel in muscle assisted the recovery function by reducing the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) quickly and improving blood circulation. The rest with WBV could provide efficient cool-down exercise for elderly and women without other physical activities after exercise.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.343-351
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects in the muscle function following 8-week dead-lift training with Whole-body Vibration(WBV) in rehabilitation for sports players. Method : Twenty young sports players. Each subjects were randomly assigned to a resistance training with Whole-body vibration group(TG, n=10), a resistance training without Whole-body vibration group(CG, N=10). The measurements which physical fitness test and joint torque test were performed before the randomization and after the 4-week and 8-week. The WBV group performed the dynamic Dead-lift exercise on a vibration platform during one minute. The CG group performed the equal training without vibration. The WBV and CON group repeated 5 set and trained two times weekly for 8-weeks. Paired t-test was used to test for differences between the groups at baseline and after 4-weeks and 8-Weeks. And independent t-test was used to test for differences between the groups at TG and CG. All analyses were executed using SPSS software 18.0. The level of significance was set at p<.050. Results : Following the 8-Weeks training sessions, an increase in the back-muscle strength was found to be greater for the TG compared with the CG group(p<.05). Muscle endurance was significantly decreased after training than before training only for the CG(p<.05). Isometric Hip/Lumber Extension/Flextion measurement was found to be significantly greater for the TG compared with the CG group(p<.05). The finding indicates that WBV effects as an efficient training stimulus to enhance muscle function by facilitating neural control trail. Following muscle activation in motor unit synchronization of the co-contraction of the muscles. Conclusion : The results imply that the WBV training may have enhanced muscle function in rehabilitation for sports players.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.70-74
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• 2013

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the application of whole body vibration training (WBV) on the balance ability of patients with an American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) type C or D spinal cord injury. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twelve patients with spinal cord injury were enrolled in this study. The participants were randomized to an experimental group (n=6) or control group (n=6). The subjects in the experimental group received WBV exercise and the control group received the sham exercise without vibration. The vibrations were adjusted vertically to the patient at a 30 Hz frequency and 3 mm amplitude. The whole body vibration lasted for 16 minutes in total including 5-minutes warm-up and cool-down at the beginning and end of the program, respectively. The static sitting balance ability was assessed by measuring the postural sway while sitting on the force plate with the eyes opened or closed. Postural sway length was measured for 30 seconds with a self-selected comfortable position. Results: In the static balance test, the anterio-posterior, medio-lateral, and total postural sway length with the eyes open and closed was improved significantly before and after the intervention in the experimental group (p<0.05). The experimental group showed significantly more improvement than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that WBV training has a positive effect on improving static sitting balance and enhanced control of postural sway in patients with an ASIA-C or D type spinal cord injury.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.348-356
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bridging using Swiss ball, whole body vibration (WBV), and mat on trunk and lower extremity muscle activity and postural stability. The results were as follows: 1) EMG activity of internal oblique increased significantly in WBV condition compared with mat condition (p<.05). 2) EMG activity of rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius increased significantly in Swiss ball condition and WBV condition compared with mat condition (p<.05). 3) The muscle activity of medial hamstrings increased significantly in Swiss ball condition compared with mat condition (p<.05). 4) The limit of stability in three groups increased significantly in all directions after 4-week intervention (p<.05). 5). There were no significant differences in the limit of stability among three groups after 4-week intervention (p>.05). Therefore the trunk and lower extremity muscle activity increased in Swiss ball and WBV conditions, and postural stability was improved in three groups after intervention period.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.399-415
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training with and without whole-body vibration(WBV) on the biomechanical properties of the plantarflexor in the elderly women (>60 yrs., n=35). Thirty-five volunteers were randomly assigned to a resistance training with WBV group (RVT, n=14), a resistance training without WBV (RT, n=11), and a non-training control group (CON, n=10). The RVT and the RT groups participated in the training sessions three times a week for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-week detraining period. The CON group was instructed to refrain from any type of resistance training. To assess strength and activation of the plantarflexor muscles, maximum isometric ankle plantarflexion torque and muscle activation of the triceps surae muscles were measured using dynamometry, twitch interpolation technique and electromyography at four different ankle joint angles. Also, the lower extremity function was assessed by vertical jumping. The measurements were performed prior to, 2 and 8 weeks after the training and after a 4-week detraining period. Following the 8-week training sessions, an increase in the isometric plantarflexion strength was found to be greater for the RVT compared with the RT group (p<.05). Muscle inhibition was significantly decreased after training than before training only for the RVT (p<.05). Following the detraining period, a decrease in isometric plantarflexors strength and a increases in muscle inhibition were significantly less in the RVT compared with the RT group. In conclusion, the exercise with WBV is a feasible training modality for the elderly and seems to have a boosting effect when used with conventional resistance training.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2020

With the advent of westernized diet and a lack of exercise, young female college students are paying more attention to their bodyweight and health. Whole-body vibration has been demonstrated to be a suitable training method for improving knee extension maximal strength in young female athletes, as well as the gait performance in elderly women. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a vertical vibration intervention on the physical fitness and postural balance in young females. Fifty-four young women were recruited; all subjects were randomly assigned to the intervention group and control group. The intervention group underwent vertical vibration with a platform for 12 weeks. The results showed that body mass index and body fat percentage had decreased (P<0.05). In addition, their muscle endurance as indicated by a sit-up test and their flexibility as indicated by a sit-and-reach test were both increased. With regard to postural balance, their 30-second sit-to-stand and timed up and go test results were improved. At the same time, their mean single-leg stance with eyes closed time increased (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences, meanwhile, for the control group. Overall, the results showed that the whole body vibration (WBV) intervention had some beneficial effects on physical fitness and postural balance in young women.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.273-281
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of motor imagery training on residual upper extremity strength and activities of daily living of chronic cervical spinal cord injury patients. Methods: Twelve ASIA A B patients, who had more than a 12-month duration of illness and C5 or 6 motor nerve injury level, were randomly divided into experimental group (n=6) and control group (n=6). Patients in the experimental group performed motor imagery training for five minutes prior to general muscle strengthening training, while those in the control group performed general muscle strengthening training only. The training was performed five times per week, 30 minutes per day, for a period of four weeks. General muscle strengthening training consisted of a progressive resistive exercise for residual upper extremity. Motor imagery training consisted of imagining this task performance. Before and after the training, EMG activity using BTS Pocket Electromyography and Spinal Cord Independent Measure III(SCIM III) were compared and analyzed. Results: The residual upper extremity muscle strengths showed improvement in both groups after training. Comparison of muscle strength improvement between the two groups showed a statistically significant improvement in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05). SCIM III measurements showed significant improvement in the scores for Self-care and Transfer items in the experimental group. Conclusion: Motor imagery training was more effective than general muscle strengthening training in improving the residual upper extremity muscle strength and activities of daily living of patients with chronic cervical spinal cord injury.