• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.5 no.3_4
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• pp.37-45
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• 1990

Experiments were performed on mice to investigate the influences of cimetidine, ranitidine and famotidine on the immune response. Immune response were evaluated by antibody, Arthus reaction (Arthus), delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), rosette forming cell (RFC), phagocyte activity and whit( blood cell (WBC) in mice, sensitized and challenged with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The weight of liver, spleen and thymus were measured. Following results obtained in this experiment. 1) The administration of cimetidine as compared to normal group significantly decreased Arthus, Hemagglutinin titer (HA), RFC, DTH, WBC and phagocyte activity, but increased the activity of serum albumin. 2) The administration of ranitidine as compared to normal group decreased RFC and HA. 3) The administration of Famotidine as compared to normal group decreased DTH and RFC, and significantly decreased HA, Arthus and serum protein. 4) The administration of ranitidine and famotidine decreased more humoral immune response than cellular immune response, but the administration of cimetidine significantly decreased humoral and cellular immune response, WBC and phagocyte activity.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.94-102
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• 2016

When establishing shielding facilities for EMP protection, WBC effect is used to protect fire pipes and honeycomb cells are inserted into the fire pipes to improve the shielding effectiveness. At this point, the smaller unit cell of honeycombs becomes, the more likely it interrupts the flow of water, which ends up clogging the fire pipes with sediment. To prevent this phenomenon, I would suggest a design method due to the pilarization loss of water molecules that contributes to increasing the size of honeycomb cells and remaining thin-walled sufficient for required shielding effectiveness.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 2009

Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) compared with that of C-reactive protein (CRP) and the total white blood cell count (WBC) in predicting bacterial infections in febrile infants<6 months of age. Methods : A prospective study was performed with infants <6 months of age who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics with a fever of uncertain source between July and September 2008. Spinal taps were performed according to clinical symptoms and physical examination. Serum PCT levels were measured using an enzyme-linked fluorescent assay. Results : Seventy-one infants (mean age, 2.62 months) were studied. Twenty-six infants (36.6%) had urinary tract infections (UTIs), and 22 infants (31.0%) had viral meningitis. The remaining infants had acute pharyngitis (n=1), herpangina (n=1), upper respiratory tract infections (n=7), acute bronchiolitis (n=8), acute gastroenteritis (n=4), and bacteremia (n=2). The median WBC and CRP levels were significantly higher in infants with UTIs than in infants with viral meningitis. However, there were no differences in the median PCT levels between the groups (0.14 ng/mL vs. 0.11 ng/mL, P=0.419). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.792 (95% CI, 0.65-0.896) for WBC, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.626-0.879) for CRP, and 0.568 (95% CI, 0.417-0.710) for PCT. An elevated WBC count (>11,920/${\mu}L$) and an increased CRP level (>1.06mg/dL) were significant predictors of UTIs based on multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion : Serum PCT concentrations should be interpreted with caution in infants <6 months of age with a fever of uncertain source.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.9-11
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• 2000

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cell wall protein-A (CWP-A) were extracted from the cell wall of Vibrio vulnificus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. LPSs and CWP-As were injected into rat and the changes of the following blood components were examined. The change of the number of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RCB), platelet (PLT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood glucose in rat blood and interferon (IFN) activity change by LPS and CWP-A were measured. WBC, RETI, PTT, and BUN were increased and RBC and blood glucose were increased slightly, but PLT was decreased.

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.26 no.4 s.288
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• pp.98-99
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• 2006

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.332-336
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• 2020

Homozygous mutations in NUDT15 R139C are known as the major factor associated with thiopurine-induced early leukopenia, particularly in Asian patients. Therefore, NUDT15 genotyping is currently recommended before thiopurine treatment to identify patients who are NUDT15 poor metabolizers and consider the use of an alternative immunomodulatory therapy. We report a case of a 12-year-old Korean girl with Crohn's disease (CD), in whom thiopurine-induced leukopenia was prevented by initiation of azathioprine (AZA) therapy at a low dose (0.5 mg/kg/day) and early detection of significant hair loss and white blood cell (WBC) count decrease at 17 days from the start of AZA treatment. The WBC count dropped from 8,970/μL to 3,370/μL in 2 weeks, and AZA treatment was stopped because of concerns of potential leukopenia in the near future. Her WBC count recovered to 5,120/μL after 3 weeks. Gene analysis later revealed that she had a homozygous mutation in NUDT15 R139C, resulting in a poor metabolizing activity of NUDT15. In situations when NUDT15 genotyping is unavailable, initiation of AZA therapy at 0.5 mg/kg/day with close observation of hair loss and WBC counts within 2 weeks may be an alternative way to prevent thiopurine-induced early leukopenia in Asian children with CD.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.191-196
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• 2018

Blood tests have been used to develop treatment plans, such as disease diagnosis, treatment effect, and prognosis determination in livestock. The present study examined changes in the blood count, including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, before and after grazing among the Korean native cattle grazing from spring to autumn. The study compared the blood count of livestock group (A, n=34) that returned from the rangeland to cowshed every evening and livestock group (B, n=21) that were not returned from the rangeland to cowshed every evening during the grazing period. Hematological parameters such as RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and WBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte were determined using a blood cell analyzer. Livestock group (A) showed significant differences in the values of RBC, MCV, MCHC, WBC, EOS, and LYM. Livestock group (B) showed significant differences in the values of RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, PLT, NEU, and BAS. In particular, the RBC count decreased after grazing when compared with that before grazing. Compared with that before grazing, low RBC count was maintained from the first to fifth month of grazing. The WBC count increased from the fourth month of grazing, whereas the EOS count increased from the second month of grazing. These results suggest that the values of RBC and WBC vary before and after grazing, and also with the grazing period. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop a detailed feeding management based on these values of blood analysis for livestock that are raised continuously in the rangeland.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2002

This study is to enhance drug penetration via skin and investigate anti-inflammation effect following adoption of ultrasound. For this goal gel containing triamcinolone was prepared and the skin penetration rate and the change effects of blood plasma ingredients and serum enzyme were investigated. Using Franz type diffusion cell and the skin of hairless mouse, the permeation enhancing effect of ultrasound was tested. After the injury by direct trauma, the blood test was performed by measuring WBC, lymphocyte, and neutrophyl, and by analyzing CPK and LDH. The ultrasound transducer whose technical specification is geometric area(GA) $1.4\;cm^2$, effective radiation area(ERA) $0.8\;cm^2$, and beam non-uniformity ratio(BNR) 6.0 max was used. The influence of frequency having an effect on skin permeation rate was higher in the case of using 1MHz and continuous treatment. The temperature of receptor phase was not influenced in skin permeation by phonophoresis. Skin permeation increase attended by intensity of ultrasound, the permeation of triamcinolone was accelerated at $2.5\;w/cm^2\;than\;1.0\;w/cm^2$. Following muscle injury phonophoretic group the number of WBC, neutrophil and lympholyte were decreased significantly as compared with both control group and ultrasound group. The result of variation of serum CPK and LDH activity conformed to the phonophoretic effect as same pattern with the variation of WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.24 no.3 s.35
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• pp.314-327
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• 1991

To evaluate the effects on health by exposure to mixed organic solvents, the author analyzed some labortory findings of blood (hemoglobin, hematocrit RBC, WBC, SGOT, SGPT) and urine (protein, blood, sugar) that were obtained from 722 workers (male:446, female:276) who worked in plywood, painting and shoes factories in Pusan area from January to December, 1990. The result were as follows ; 1. The mean values of each hematologic findings were all within normal limit but there were significant differences at hematocrit, RBC, WBC, SGOT in male and at WBC, SGPT in female at the comparison of the mean values and the distribution according to the normal criteria by type of work. 2. There were no differences in urinalysis(protein, blood, sugar) by type of work. 3. In stepwise multiple regression, analysis of hematologic findings on age, working duration and type of work, regression coefficients on age and type of work were relatively high in male and female sub1, respectively. As a result of this study, it is considered that the measurement of WBC with morphology is significant in hematologic findings and instead of spot urine and urinstix, 24 hours urine and quantitative analysis is required in urinalysis in screening test for healthy status of workers who deal with the organic solvents.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2013

Background Some diabetic feet heal without complication, but others undergo amputation due to progressive wounds. This study investigates the risk factors for amputation of diabetic feet. Methods A total of 55 patients who visited our institution from 2008 to 2012 were included in the study. The patients with abnormal fasting blood sugar levels, lower leg vascularity, and poor nutrition were excluded from the study group, and the wound states were unified. The patients were categorized into a treatment success group (n=47) and a treatment failure group (n=8), and their hemoglobin A1C (HgA1C), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and serum creatinine levels were analyzed. Results The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels in the treatment failure group were significantly higher than that of the treatment success group, and the initial HgA1C level was significantly higher in the treatment success group. The CRP and WBC levels of both groups changed significantly as time passed, but their serum creatinine levels did not. Conclusions The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels were considered to be risk factors for amputation. Among them, the serum creatinine level was found to be the most important predictive risk factor. Because serum creatinine represents the renal function, thorough care is needed for the feet of diabetic patients with renal impairment.