• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.288-293
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• 2011

This study investigated the changes in the quality of fresh-cut lotus roots that were treated with hot water. Lotus roots were purchased from Daegu, Korea. They were washed, peeled, and cut into lcm-thick slices with a ceramic knife. The peeled and sliced lotus roots were dipped for 45 sec in water at 30, 55, and $80^{\circ}C$. After they were air-dried at room temperature, the slices were packed in polyethylene films and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 12 d. Then the changes in the weight loss, color, total viable cell, and sensory characteristics were measured. Generally, the weight loss of the lotus roots that were treated with hot water slightly increased. The application of the heat treatment delayed the browning of the lotus roots, especially the treatment with $55^{\circ}C$ hot water. The L and a values of the lotus roots that were treated with $80^{\circ}C$ hot water significantly increased during their storage, though. The heat treatment effectively inhibited the growth of microorganisms. The organoleptic quality of the lotus roots that were treated with $55^{\circ}C$ hot water was the best.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.399-404
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• 2021

From 1 January 2020, the limit for Sulphur in fuel oil used on board ships operating outside designated emission control areas will be reduced to 0.5 %. This regulation by international maritime organization (IMO) is able to significantly reduce the amount of Sulphur oxides (SOx) discharging from ships and should have environmental advantages and health for all over the world. To meet the regulation, in these days, wet scrubber system is being actively developed. However, this process leads to make washing wastewater. In this study, we evaluated ion exchange resin system in accordance with scrubber wastewater discharge regulation by IMO. Theoretical wastewater used as feed solution of lab scale water treatment systems. The results revealed that nitrate ion was removed selectively in spite of high TDS wash wastewater solution depending on ion exchange resin property. Moreover, it was possible to improve efficiency of the system by optimizing operating conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.432-445
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• 2021

Background: The European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals' Targeted Risk Assessment (ECETOC TRA) tool has been recognized by EU REACH as a preferred approach for calculating worker health risks from chemicals. Objectives: The applicability of the ECETOC TRA to occupational exposure estimation from industrial uses of methanol was studied by inputting surveyed and varied parameters for TRA estimation as well as through comparison with measured data. Methods: Information on uses of methanol was collected from seven working environment monitoring reports along with the measured exposure data. Input parameters for TRA estimation such as operating conditions (OCs), risk management measures (RMMs) and process categories (PROCs) were surveyed. To compare with measured exposures, parameters from the surveyed conditions of ventilation but no use of respiratory protection were applied. Results: PROCs 4, 5, 8a, 10, and 15 were assigned to ten uses of methanol. The uses include as a solvent for manufacturing sun cream, surfactants, dyestuffs, films and adhesives. Methanol was also used as a component in a release agent, hardening media and mold wash for cast products as well as a component of hard-coating solution and a viscosity-controlling agent for manufacturing glass lenses. PROC 8a and PROC 10 of a cast product manufacturer without LEV (local exhaust ventilation) and general ventilation as well as no respiratory protection resulted in the highest exposure to methanol. Assuming the identical worst OCs and RMMs for all uses, exposures from PROC 5, 8a, and 10 were the same and the highest followed by PROC 4 and 15. The estimation resulted in higher exposures in nine uses except one use where measured exposure approximated exposures without RMMs. Conclusions: The role of ECETOC TRA as a conservative exposure assessment tool was confirmed by comparison with measured data. Moreover, it can guide which RMMs should be applied for the safe use of methanol.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.237-245
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• 2021

Particulate matter and ultra-particle matters generally refer to very small floating dust, such as 1/6 to 1/7 and 1/20 to 1/30, respectively, compared to the thickness of human hair, and contain various types of heavy metal ions. In addition to breathing, particle matters (PM) that flows in through the gaps in the pores of the skin can induce health problems in the body's tissues and skin, so it must be removed by blocking the inflow or by washing. Through this study, we confirmed the possibility that heavy metal ions can be adsorbed and removed by using Oryza sativa (Rice) bran oil (OSBO). In addition, the cell viability is much higher than that of grain-derived components through cytotoxicity experiments, and the cytoprotective effect of an external stimulus source can be expected. It was confirmed that the expression amount of COL1A1 mRNA increased, and accordingly, it was believed that wrinkles that might be caused by moisture lost by heavy metal ions in fine dust could be alleviated. Based on the results of these experiments, we tried to present a cosmetics containing OSBO, which is a wash-off formulation, in order to finally remove heavy metals.

• 기호학연구
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• no.56
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• pp.71-107
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to find out the presentation of food and cooking process shown through the media and its cultural implications by comparing and analyzing seasons 1 and 2 of , tvN's reality program which has gained high viewer ratings and sympathy from the viewers. In light of the existing documents, the research reviewed the social and cultural meanings implied through a series of processes of "the act of cooking- the act of providing food - the act of having a meal."The authors concerned narrative structure of the program, paradigmatic analysis, actantial analysis, and analysis by applying the culinary triangle of $L{\acute{e}}vi$-Strauss were conducted, in order to find out the difference between seasons 1 and 2 of the . As a result of semiotic analysis on the programs, by focusing on the value of composure and slowness which may be felt through the simple everyday lives and travelling by running a Korean restaurant in a foreign country, the reality program revealed the changed consumption behaviors for Korean food, and the evolutionary process of cooking and the act of providing food reflecting the above. Meanwhile, the transformation of the Korean food may mean the "statelessness of Korean food" hidden under the name of localization or globalization. Furthermore, although the program intended to put up globalization of Korean food, the uniqueness of the Korean food wash armed, and this is the reason why it needs to be examined whether Korean food was used simply for entertainment in the program. Also, the program showed limitations such as drawing cultural inferiority as the motive for watching the program.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.387-397
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the subjects' oral health status and changes in the oral environment after mouthwash with effervescent Vitamin C and its intake and to understand the impact on changes in the number of bacteria causing periodontal diseases in the oral cavity based on the oral health status and oral environmental condition. Methods: After obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board of D-University, 45 people (24 in an experimental group and 21 in a control group) who participated in the oral health program were selected, among visitors of the Clinical Dental Hygienics Laboratory of D. University in B. Results: Based on the subjects' periodontal health status, the number of bacteria causing periodontal diseases in the oral cavity decreased in both experimental and control groups before and after the experiment. However, in the experimental group, it was significant when the Bleeding on Probing(BOP) level was below average, and Calculus index(CAL) was above average, in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and the red complex. It was also significant when CAL was above average in the orange complex in the control group. Regarding bacterial changes in periodontal diseases based on the subjects' oral environmental condition, there was a significant change in the Adenosine Tri Phosphate (ATP : intraoral contaminants test) test in the oral cavity in A. actinomycetemcomitans and the red complex in the experimental group and in the O'Leary index in the control group. Further, there was a significant change in the orange complex in the ATP test in the experimental group. Conclusions: A comprehensive analysis of the results revealed that the oral health care program for dental hygiene decreased the number of bacteria causing periodontal diseases in the oral cavity in both experimental and control groups.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2019

This study aimed to provide basic data for the development of education programs on food hygiene attitude and personal hygiene management of high school students by type of school. From July 16 to October 15, 2015, questionnaires were distributed to 30 students per grade at 16 high schools in Chungcheongnam-do, and a total of 1214 questionnaires (excluding unrecurring and insufficient questionnaires) were processed using SPSS (ver 18.0). As a result, academic high school students answered more checking food's shelf life when they bought it in the store(3.79, 3.60), not eating the cooked and heated food after keeping without heating(2.85, 2.98), and storing food in the refrigerator in accordance with its characteristics(3.90, 3.76) than specialized high school students. Academic high school students were found to be more careful than specialized high school students, to wash hands before meals(3.66, 3.52), after went to toilet(4.30, 3.95), in the right way(3.63 and 3.45), and to go around less during meal time(2.19, 2.43) and to go to the toilet less often during meal time(2.28, 2.47). In this study, academic and specialized high school students showed significant differences in food hygiene attitude and personal hygiene management, and academic high school students had significantly better food hygiene attitude and personal hygiene control than specialized high school students. but still need to be improved. Therefore, it is suggested that education on food hygiene attitude and personal hygiene management should be strengthened according to the type of school.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.711-720
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the general health behaviors of elementary school children in single- and two-parent families and to identify factors affecting health behavior. The study subjects were 1,023 students attending S elementary school in G province. Data was collected from March 5, 2018 to March 16, 2018. Collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS/WIN Ver. 22.0. The results of children with a single-parent mother were significantly different for 'regular breakfast' (p=.015) and 'counseling with homeroom teachers' (p=.019), and the results of children with a single-parent father were significantly different for 'wash hands before going out and before meals' (p=.035), 'someone you can talk to when you are worried' (p=.005), and 'often lonely and depressed' (p=.007). Logistic regression analysis showed that children with single-parent families were 7.670 times more likely to seek 'counseling with homeroom teachers' than children with two-parent families (p=.011). The results of this study provide basic data on the health behaviors of elementary school students with single-parent families.

• 재활복지
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.179-193
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• 2016

Chin Tuck Against Resistance Exercise(CTARE) and Shaker exercise is used to common for strengthening of suprahyoid muscle. No previous studies was compare of two exercises for patients with dyaphagia. This study investigated the effects of CTARE and Shaker exercise on suprahyoid, sternocleidomastoid muscle activity in stroke older patients with dysphagia. Ten stroke patients with dyaphagia voluntarily participated in this study. All subjects was performed in the order in the CTARE (isometric, isokinetic), Shaker (isometric, isokinetic), and repeated each ten trials. After CTARE was performed, subjects took a 5 min wash out period to minimize muscle fatigue. Activity of suprahyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscle during two training was analyzed using surface electromyography(sEMG). Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess differecences for muscles activity between the effects of the CTAR and Shaker exercise within group. CTARE and Shaker exercise showed no significant difference activity in suprahyoid muscle(p > .05). CTARE showed significantly lower muscle activity in sternocleidomastoid muscle than Shaker exercise(p < .05). CTARE in stroke older patients with dysphagia may be a effective intervention to improve swallowing function than Shaker exercise.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.51-57
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• 2011

Generally, ready-mixed concrete(RMC) gets hardened by time, so the remaining concrete in the drum should be cleaned. But if the RMC waste water generated from this is discharged to soil without any treatment, the strong alkaline elements and heavy metals affect water and ecosystem pollution. Although about 10 to 15% of water used for cleaning in the RMC factory is discharged to soil or river, the concrete report of this affecting soil pollution has not been sufficient. Hence, in this study it was analyzed the extraction of cleaning water from RMC factories all over the country and heavy metal and pH components remaining in soil when this is penetrated to various soils having water permeability. The specimens used for the experiment are weathering soil and soils having different particle size, and it is made to be penetrated to those for 24 hours while fixed thickness of the layer is maintained. Cleaning water is divided into that before deposition treatment(sludge water) and that after deposition treatment(upper water) to be penetrated into soil, and according to the result of penetrating sludge water to soil, Cu and Mn, Fe, and Zn were found to be remained over 23 to 90%. However, it is analyzed that in upper water having deposition treatment, Cu and Mn remain as 60% or more only in weathering soil.