• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.559-568
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• 2007

Recently, copy number variations (CNV) of genes or genomic segments have been intensively studied and various analysis methods have been developed. In this study, quantitative oligonucleotide ligation assay (qOLA) was applied to investigate CNV of KIT gene in the Landrace breed. A combined assay using qOLA and pyrosequencing, 6 genotype classes, I1/I1 or I3/i (IBe), I1/I2 or I3/IP, I1/I3, I1/IP or I2/i (IBe), I2/I2and I2/IP, were identified from 44 Landrace pigs. Genotype assignment using grouping features of measurements on a scatter plot showed 100% agreement with those using a statistical assignment by PROC FASTCLUS procedure implemented in the SAS package. Two versions (3100 and 3130) of ABI sequencers gave the same genotyping results, indicating there was no influence on qOLA by different versions of instrument, however, the means of standard deviation and coefficient of variation from the qOLA on a ABI 3130 (2.33 and 4.10) was lower than those from the qOLA on a ABI 3100 (2.67 and 4.81). Effect of proteinase K treatment on the PCR product followed by qOLA was very clear because noise peaks were disappeared and the observed ration fit better to the reference ratio corresponding to each genotype.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.273-286
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• 2008

Road-map for the environmental friendly integrated pest management(IPM) of insect pests was drawn up on the strawberry vinyl-houses of farmer's field. Major insect pests were occurred Tetranychus urticae and Aphis gossypii during the strawberry plant seeding in the vinyl house and open field. Also, same insect pests were occurred in the vinyl house during harvesting season of strawberry. For the control of T. urticae and A. gossypii, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Aphidius colemani as natural enemies were input to the vinyl house, respectively. However, because these natural enemies could not control insect pest populations, acaricide and insecticide were sprayed. Then natural enemies were input again in the vinyl house. Natural enemies could not endure the intense cold and differences of temperature and relative humidity between day and night during strawberry harvesting season. So, their behavior and control activity of pests were more decrease than pests. Firstly, natural enemies are input in the vinyl house during the early breeding season of strawberry, secondly, acaricides and insecticide are sprayed for the control of mites and aphids, respectively, during the middle breeding season in the hard winter. Finally, natural enemies are re-input in the vinyl house during the middle and late breeding season.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1968

A low yielding paddy soil was water logged at $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ with soluble starch as a easily decomposable organic matter for 3 weeks in the laboratory. The relation of pH and Eh changes and soluble iron, manganese and silica was investigated. The experimental results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. When organic matter was applied, reduction of the soil was severer, that is, Eh value was lower by 200 mv. for a week in the beginning of submergence. 2. pH of the untreated soil was dropped a little just after submergence, and then gradually increased to 60. When treated, pH was increased due to abrupt drop of Eh in the beginning but decreased to 4.5 after a week, and became constant at this pH value. 3. Slight increase in soluble iron, manganese and silica was observed in the untreated soil whereas soluble iron, manganese and silica in the treated soil were increased about 20, 10, and 3 times, respectively. 4. When soluble starch was treated, pH and soluble silica or manganese was highly correlated[($H^+$) and Mn ${\gamma}=0.734^{**}$, ($H^+$) and $SiO_2$ ${\gamma}=0.923^{**}$] and below pH 5.0, release of these element was rapidly increased.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2005

To reduce phosphorus and nitrogen from the swine wastewater, magnesium chloride $(MgCl_2)$ was used as a reaction material for both soluble phosphorus (SP) and ammonia-nitrogen (AN). The initial value of SP content were $471mg/\ell$ far aeration test and $515 mg/\ell$ for NaOH addition test, but treatment of $MgCl_2$ reduced SP value to $5mg/\ell$ and $4mg/\ell$. The removal efficiency of $MgCl_2$ for SP showed $99\%$ in both treatment, and the removal efficiency of $MgCl_2$ for AN showed $15\%$ with treatment of aeration and $18\%$ with NaOH. All the experiments were done in a low temperature of 6 to $8^{\circ}C$, suggesting that this methods are possibly able to apply to a cold weather conditions. Moreover, the struvite crystal structure was identified by electronic microscope, implying that $MgCl_2$ is an effective material for removal of SP from swine wastewater In addition to the increased removal rate of the AN in wastewater, both $MgCl_2$ and $KH_2PO_4$ were added. The SP value was reduced by $99\%$ with 2g addition of the phosphate. The SP removal rate by 4g addition of the phosphate was increased only as $15-19\%$, but the quantity of removed SP was higher than that of 2g addition test. The value of AN was not reduced as expected by adding $KH_2PO_4$. The AN removal rate were low as $18\%$ and $15\%$ like as the level of the former test with $MgCl_2$ alone. Therefore, it is needed to examine closely the reaction mechanism f3r reducing both SP and AN simultaneously.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.205-209
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• 1977

The pool size of plasma glucose, turnover rate and other concerned items for glucose metabolism in normal laying hen were investigated by a single-injection method using $U-C^{14}-glucose$. The 11.6 nCi of pure dose was injected to a hen normally fed through the wing vein. The glucose concentration in plasma sample taken at 5 minutes after injections was 214mgper 100ml. From the plottings of logarithmic standard specific activities of plasma taken from 5 to 120 minutes against the time after injection and from the regresion analysis, metabolic states were determined. The pool size was 1.07g, turnover rate was 0.024 per minute, turnover time was 41 minutes, utilization rate was 26mg/min. (0.83 g/hr/kg B.W. 3/4) and glucose space(extracellular fluid volume) was 25.3 per cent of body weight. The values obtained from. 10-50 minutes samples were similar to those described above, which we from 5-120 minutes samples.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.917-924
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• 2004

Using PCR-RFLP haplotyping for the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) fragment containing the NADH dehydrogenase 2 gene(ND2) and three tRNA genes(tRNA-Met, tRNA-Trp and tRNA-Ala), we characterized the genetic diversity of five pig breeds including Jeju native pigs. mtDNA polymorphisms showing distinct cleavage patterns were found in the pig breeds. Two digestion patterns were detected when HaeIII- and Hinfl-RFLP, and four in the Tsp5091-RFLP analyses. Combining the three restriction enzyme digestion patterns found in five different pig breeds, four mtDNA haplotypes were observed and the haplotype frequencies were significantly different by the pig breeds. A monomorphic haplotype, mtWB, was observed in both Korean wild boars and Large White pigs. Both Duroc and Landrace pigs contained two haplotypes suggesting their multiple maternal lineages. Jeju native pig has two haplotypes(mtJN and mtJD). Of these, mtJN is identified as a Jeju native pig specific haplotype. This study suggested that more than two progenitor populations have been taken part in the domestication process of the Jeju native pig population, and/or probably subsequent crossing with other pig breeds from near east Asia. Unlike with our prediction, there was no direct evidence under molecular levels on the maternal introgression of Korean wild boar in the domestication of Jeju native pigs. In conclusion, specificity of mtDNA haplotypes related to pig breeds win be useful for identifying the maternal lineage as wen as constructing the genealogical pedigree in pigs.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 2022

Purpose In the meantime, there have been not many samples that require dilution, and it has been difficult for the examiner to set an appropriate dilution multiple for RIA test item and report the results. Accordingly, it was judged that it was necessary to set the maximum dilution multiple for each test and to verify the upper limit of the clinical reportable range. Therefore, in this study, the maximum dilution multiple for each RIA test was set and the upper limit of the clinical reportable range was verified accordingly Materials and Methods Among all RIA tests conducted at Asan Medical Center, the study treated on 30 types of tests which also conduct the dilution test. Data from March to July 2021 were collected and analyzed. The study was conducted on samples subjected to serial dilutions such as X2, X4 or X10, X10², X10³, X10⁴, X10⁵. Results Among a total of 30 test types, 18 test types have more than 5 N values in the tolerance range of 80~120%. As a result of the verification of maximum dilution multiples, the test set to 10⁴ is 𝛼-fetoprotein and thyroglobulin, and the test set to 10³ is CA-125, CEA, and 𝛽-hCG, and the test set to 10² is Free PSA, PSA, CA15-3, SCC, Ferritin, PTH, Cortisol, and Calcitonin. Tests set to 10 include three categories: 𝛽2-Microglobulin, C-peptide, and Testosterone. Conclusion It is expected that it will contribute to improving the quality of nuclear medicine blood tests as the results of dilution experiments can be reported quickly and accurately through the verification of the clinical reportable range.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.1501-1512
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• 2024

Plasma disruption in tokamak experiments is a challenging issue that causes damage to the device. Reliable prediction methods are needed, but the lack of full understanding of plasma disruption limits the effectiveness of physics-driven methods. Data-driven methods based on supervised learning are commonly used, and they rely on labelled training data. However, manual labelling of disruption precursors is a time-consuming and challenging task, as some precursors are difficult to accurately identify. The mainstream labelling methods assume that the precursor onset occurs at a fixed time before disruption, which leads to mislabeled samples and suboptimal prediction performance. In this paper, we present disruption prediction methods based on anomaly detection to address these issues, demonstrating good prediction performance on J-TEXT and EAST. By evaluating precursor onset times using different anomaly detection algorithms, it is found that labelling methods can be improved since the onset times of different shots are not necessarily the same. The study optimizes precursor labelling using the onset times inferred by the anomaly detection predictor and test the optimized labels on supervised learning disruption predictors. The results on J-TEXT and EAST show that the models trained on the optimized labels outperform those trained on fixed onset time labels.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.287-307
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• 2012

The study area, which is located in the southeastern part of the Jirisan province of the Yeongnam massif, Korea, consists mainly of the Precambrian Hadong northern anorthosite complex (HNAC) and the Jirisan metamorphic rock complex (JMRC) and the Mesozoic granitoids which intrude them. Its tectonic frame is built into NS trend, unlike the general NE-trending tectonic frame of Korean Peninsula. This paper researched the structural characteristics at each deformation phase to clarify the geological structures associated with the NS-trending tectonic frame which was built in the HNAC and JMRC. The result indicates that the geological structures of this area were formed at least through three phases of deformation. (1) The $D_1$ deformation formed the $F_1$ sheath or "A"-type folds in the HNAC and JMRC, and the $S_{0-1}$ composite foliation and the $S_1$ foliation and the $D_1$ ductile shear zone which are (sub)parallel to the axial plane of $F_1$ fold, and the $L_1$ stretching lineation which is parallel to the $F_1$ fold axis owing to the large-scale top-to-the SE shearing on the $S_0$ foliation. (2) The $D_2$ deformation (re)folded the $D_1$ structural elements under the EW-trending tectonic compression environment, and formed the NS-trending $F_2$ open, tight, isoclinal, intrafolial folds with the $S_{0-1-2}$ composite foliation and the $S_2$ foliation and the $D_2$ ductile shear zone with S-C-C' structure and the $L_2$ stretching lineation which is (sub)parallel to the axial plane of $F_2$ fold. The extensive $D_2$ ductile shear zone (Hadong shear zone) of NS trend was persistently developed along the eastern boundary of HNAC and JMRC which would be to the limb of $F_2$ fold on a geological map scale. The Hadong shear zone is no less than 1.4 km width, and was formed in the mylonitization process which produced the mylonitic structure and the stretching lineation with the reduction of grain size during the $F_2$ passive folding. (3) The $D_3$ deformation formed the EW-trending $F_3$ kink or open fold under the NS-trending tectonic compression environment and partially rearranged the NS-trending pre-$D_3$ structural elements into (E)NE or (W)NW direction. The regional trend of $D_1$ tectonic frame before the $D_2$ deformation would be NE-SW unlike the present, and the NS-trending tectonic frame in the HNAC and JMRC like the present was formed by the rearrangement of the $D_1$ tectonic frame owing to the $F_2$ active and passive folding. Based on the main intrusion age of (N)NE-trending basic dyke in the study area, these three deformation events are interpreted to have occurred before the Late Paleozoic.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.359-368
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• 2007

Holstein cows(n=12) were assigned to one of three diets containing control diet and diets containing a microbial culture, 50ml(T1) and 100ml(T2) SDN(R)(amicrobial culture), per day. The basal diet containing concentrate mixture, corn silage and timothy hay were fed midlactating cows for 12 weeks. Milk production tended to be higher for cows fed T2 diet (20.8kg/day) than fed T1(19.7kg/d) and control diet (19.2kg/day).  There was a tendency of an increase in 4% FCM for cows fed T2 diet(19.6kg/day) than T1(18.8kg/d) and control diet(18.4kg/day). Milk components were not found to be different between cows fed control diet and SDN(R) diets. There was a tendency an increase in milk protein for cows fed control diet(3.43%) compared with microbial diets, T1 and T2(3.08% and 3.20%). However, milk protein production was not significantly different between control diet(0.65kg/d) and T1(0.61kg/d) or T2(0.67kg/d). Somatic cell counts for cows fed T1(72,000) and T2(60,000/ml) were lower than cows fed control diet (108,000/ml) (P<0.05). In conclusion, the cows that were fed diets containing SDN(R) as a microbial culture resulted a tendency of an increase in milk production and a reduction of somatic cell counts which indicates improved milk quality and hygiene.