• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.50-59
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the patients hospitalized with damage by injury code based on data for two years in 2020 and 2021 of A institution located in Gangneung, Gangwon-do. Analyzed the injury codes with a large number of occurrences per year, and analyzed the injury codes of external causes accordingly. The cause of the injury code was analyzed by analyzing the frequency of the injury code of external causes. Injury code S0650 had the highest frequency of injury code of external causes W189 and X5999, which was judged to be the cause of traumatic subdural hemorrhage without open intracranial wounds when falling in an unspecified place or toilet. Injury code S72120 had the highest frequency of injury code of external causes W010 and W180, and it was judged to be the cause of obstructive femoral intertrochanteric fracture that occurs when falling in the residence. The injury code S32090 had a high frequency of X5999, and it was analyzed that it caused the obstructive fracture of the lumbar region due to an accident caused by exposure in an unspecified place, and the injury code S72.090 had a high frequency of W010 and W180. It was confirmed that the cause of the obstructive fracture of the femoral neck was mainly caused by slipping or slipping in the residence, and the injury code S0220 had a high frequency of the injury code of external causes Y049, and it was confirmed that the fibula was fractured mainly by the force or fist. As such, the cause of the injury code was analyzed by analyzing the frequency of the injury code for each injury code of external causes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.1613-1619
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• 2004

Turbo codes of long block sizes have been known to show very good performance in an AWGN channel and the turbo code has been strongly recommended as error correction code for W-CDMA in 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project). Recently, turbo codes of short block sizes suitable for real time communication systems have attracted a lot of attention. Thus, in this paper we consider the turbo code of 1/3 code rate and short frame size of 192 bits in ITU-R channel model. We analyzed the performance of W-CDMA systems of 10MHz bandwidths employing RAKE receiver with not only MRC diversity but also SOVA-based turbo code.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.14-27
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• 2009

Polar Code was proposed by Turkish professor Erdal Arikan in 2006 as an idea that splitted input channel is increasing the cutoff rate. The channel polarization consisted of code sequences with symmetric high rate capacity in a given B-DMC(Binary-input Discrete Memoryless Channel) W. The symmetric capacity is the highest rate achievable subject to using the input letters of the channel with equal probability. The channel polarization is said to a set of given N independent outputs of B-DMC W. In other word, N increases when N is a set of binary-input channels {$W^{(i)}_N\;:\;1{\leq}\;i\;{\leq}\;N$}, in I{WN(i)} as the fraction of indices is near to 1, which is approaching to I(W), and it is near to 0, then to 1-I(W), where I(W) presents high rates in reliable wireless communication channel as inputs of W with equal frequences. After all, {WN(i)} is shown to be a state of channel coding. On the based on this Polar codes, this paper analyzes Polar coding and decoding of Arikan and propose Radix4 Polar coding newly.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.533-539
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• 2023

This study aimed to analyze patients hospitalized for injuries who fell using the data from 2020 to 2021 at institution A located in Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, using codes for causes of injury. After classifying 20 codes from W00 to W19, which are external cause codes for fall patients, the most frequently occurring W18, W01, W10, and W13 were analyzed. The external cause of injury code W18 was other falls on the same plane, with the highest frequency of S72 and Z47, S72 being a fracture of the femur, and Z47 being orthopedic follow-up treatment. The external injury code W01 was determined to be a fall on the same plane due to slipping, tripping, and tripping, and like W18, S72, a fracture of the femur, and Z47, orthopedic follow-up treatment, were frequently reported. In W10, intracranial injuries such as concussion and epidural hemorrhage due to a fall on the stairs, S06, were common. Lastly, in W13, 91% of cases occurred in people in their 40s to 70s due to falls from buildings or structures, confirming that they occur frequently in middle-aged people, Z47 had the most frequent orthopedic follow-up treatment, and S72 had a fracture of the femur. It was found to be the second most common. In this way, the frequency of falling patients was analyzed, and the age and main diagnosis code at which most falls occurred were analyzed.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.29-44
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• 2021

The set D of column vectors of a generator matrix of a linear code is called a defining set of the linear code. In this paper we consider the problem of constructing few-weight (mainly two- or three-weight) linear codes from defining sets. It can be easily seen that we obtain an one-weight code when we take a defining set to be the nonzero codewords of a linear code. Therefore we have to choose a defining set from a non-linear code to obtain two- or three-weight codes, and we face the problem that the constructed code contains many weights. To overcome this difficulty, we employ the linear codes of the following form: Let D be a subset of ��2n, and W (resp. V ) be a subspace of ��2 (resp. ��2n). We define the linear code ��D(W; V ) with defining set D and restricted to W, V by $${\mathcal{C}}_D(W;V )=\{(s+u{\cdot}x)_{x{\in}D^{\ast}}|s{\in}W,u{\in}V\}$$. We obtain two- or three-weight codes by taking D to be a Vasil'ev code of length n = 2m - 1(m ≥ 3) and a suitable choices of W. We do the same job for D being the complement of a Vasil'ev code. The constructed few-weight codes share some nice properties. Some of them are optimal in the sense that they attain either the Griesmer bound or the Grey-Rankin bound. Most of them are minimal codes which, in turn, have an application in secret sharing schemes. Finally we obtain an infinite family of minimal codes for which the sufficient condition of Ashikhmin and Barg does not hold.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.41-46
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• 2000

In this paper, we analyze the performance of W-CDMA systems using turbo code in the wideband multipath channel. The strength of each multipath component is assumed to be Rayleigh distributed. Turbo codes of long block sizes have been known to show very good performance in a AWGN channel. Recently, turbo codes of short block sizes suitable for real time communication systems have attracted a lot of attention. Thus, in this paper we consider the turbo code of 1/3 code rate and short frame size of 192 bits in wideband mobile multipath channel. We analyze the performance of W-CDMA systems with 10MHz bandwidths in the case of employing RAKE receiver with not only MRC diversity but also turbo code.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.3C
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• pp.306-313
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• 2007

In this paper, we efficiently implemented turbo code algorithm in FPGA H/W(hardware) resource. The used turbo code algorithm has the characteristics; the size of constraint is 3, encoder type is 1/3, the size of random interleaver is 2048. The proposed H/W consists of MAP block for calculating alpha and delta using delta value, storing buffer for each value, multiplier for calculating lamda, and lamda buffer. The proposed algorithm and H/W architecture was verified by C++ language and was designed by VHDL. Finally the designed H/W was programmed into FPGA and tested in wireless communication environment for field availability. The target FPGA of the implemented H/W is VERTEX4 XC4VFX12-12-SF363 and it is stably operated in 131.533MHz clock frequency (7.603ns).

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.526-532
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• 2023

Falls are fatal accidents that occur more than 420,000 times a year worldwide. Therefore, to study patients with falls, we found the association between extrinsic injury codes and principal diagnosis S-codes of patients with falls, and developed a prediction model to predict extrinsic injury codes based on the data of principal diagnosis S-codes of patients with falls. In this study, we received two years of data from 2020 and 2021 from Institution A, located in Gangneung City, Gangwon Special Self-Governing Province, and extracted only the data from W00 to W19 of the extrinsic injury codes related to falls, and developed a prediction model using W01, W10, W13, and W18 of the extrinsic injury codes of falls, which had enough principal diagnosis S-codes to develop a prediction model. 80% of the data were categorized as training data and 20% as testing data. The model was developed using MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron) with 6 variables (gender, age, principal diagnosis S-code, surgery, hospitalization, and alcohol consumption) in the input layer, 2 hidden layers with 64 nodes, and an output layer with 4 nodes for W01, W10, W13, and W18 exogenous damage codes using the softmax activation function. As a result of the training, the first training had an accuracy of 31.2%, but the 30th training had an accuracy of 87.5%, which confirmed the association between the fall extrinsic code and the main diagnosis S code of the fall patient.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.959-962
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• 2001

Turbo codes of long block sizes have been known to show very good performance in an AWGN channel and the turbo code has been strongly recommended as error correction code for IMT-2000 in 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project). Recently, turbo codes of short block sizes suitable for real time communication systems have attracted a lot of attention. Thus, in this paper we consider the turbo code of 1/3 code rate and short frame size of 192 bits in ITU-R channel model. We analyzed the performance of W-CDMA systems of 10MHz bandwidths employing RAKE receiver with not only MRC diversity but also turbo code.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.209-212
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• 2002

The realization for code domain analyzing system on WCDMA is presented. This system is realized with the RF, FPGA and DSP processor. The FPGA firgures out the scambling code, and DSP produces the power of code domain using OVSF. The experiment results allow the code domain power accuracy to keep $\pm$1dB low. This system leads to split the text, sound and image signal.