• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2003년도 The 4th Korea-Italy Workshop
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• pp.65-68
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• 2003

The paper discusses the use of stable emulsion, prepared by membrane emulsification technology, to improve the enantiocatalytic performance of immobilised lipase in multiphasic membrane reactors. The production of optical pure (S)-naproxen from racemic naproxen methyl ester has been used as model reaction system. The enzyme was immobilised in the sponge layer (shell side) of capillary polyamide membrane with 50 kDa cut-off, The O/W emulsion, containing the substrate in the organic dispersed phase, was fed to the enzyme membrane reactor from shell-to-lumen. The results evidenced that lipase maintained stable activity during all the operation time (more than 250 hours), showing an enantiomeric excess (96 $\pm$2%) comparable to the free enzyme (98 $\pm$ 1%) and much higher compared to similar lipase-loaded membrane reactors used in two-separate phase systems (90%). The study showed that immobilised enzymes can achieve high stability as well as high catalytic activity and enantioselectivity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1322-1326
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• 1997

미세캡슐화를 위한 기초 연구로 다양한 다당류의 점도를 측정하고, 분무건조법을 이용하여 미세캡슐을 제조하여 특성을 비교하였다. 10% maltodexrin의 점도는 2.2 mPa.s, 10% gum arabic은 9.2 mPa.s, 10% dextran은 13.0 mPa.s, 1% gum locust bean은 4660.0 mPa.s, 1% gum karaya는 77.0 mPa.s로 측정되었다. 분무건조기를 이용하여 제조한 각종 다당류의 미세캡슐을 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, gum arabic은 20%의 농도에 비하며 30%에서 입자가 크게 형성되었으나 40%에서는 섬유상의 늘어진 형태가 관찰되었다. Maltodextrin 30%메서 고른 분포의 원형 입자가 관찰되었으며, 40%의 농도에서는 다양한 크기의 입자가 뭉쳐서 관찰되었다. Dextran은 20%에서 구형의 캡슐이 골고루 관찰되었으나, 30%이상의 농초에 서는 섬유상의 형태가 관찰되었다. Gum arabic : maltodextrin (1:3, w/w) 경우에서는 20%, 30%, 40%농도에서 구형의 캡슐이 고르게 관찰되었고 농도가 높을수록 입자의 크기가 증가하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.560-567
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• 1997

안정한 $W_1/O/W_2$ 다중에멀젼을 얻기 위한 새로운 시도가 연구 되었다; 오일상에 분산된 친유성 유화제와 PCL-PEO-PCL triblock copolymer 사이의 계면상호 작용이 연구되었다. $W_1/O/W_2$ 다중에멀젼은 2단계 방법으로 제조하였다. 친유성 유화제로서 Arlacel P-135와 친수성 유화제로서 Synperonic PE/F 127을 사용하였으며, Eutanol-G를 오일상으로 사용하였다. 다중에멀젼의 내부수상에 시약 방출물질로서 NaCl을 첨가하였으며, 이의 방출속도가 연구되었다. 다중에멀젼의 안정성은 분리도 측정과 광학현미경을 이용하여 평가하였다. 오일상에 PCL-PEO-PCL triblock copolymer를 용해하여 실험한 결과 2k-4k-2k와 6k-4k-6k의 조성 갖는 copolymer로 제조한 다중에멀젼에서 NaCl의 방출이 크게 감소하였다. 이것은 copolymer와 유화제가 안정성 증대와 방출 속도를 조절하는 효과적인 계면 복합체를 형성하기 때문이라고 사료된다. 2k-4k-2k의 조성 갖는 PCL-PEO-PCL triblock copolymer 1.2wt%의 함량으로 제조한 다중에멀젼에서 NaCl의 확산계수는 $2.64{\times}10^{-15}gcm^2/s$이고, 6k-4k-6k에서는 $3.23{\times}10^{-16}gcm^2/s$값을 얻었다. NaCl의 초기 농도의 증가에 따라 NaCl 방출이 감소하였고, Higuchi의 방출 모델식을 개정하여 적용한 결과, 고분자 matrix에 분산된 시약의 방출모델과 유사한 kinetic모델이 다중에멀젼에서 NaCl의 방출에 적당함이 발견되었다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.3-16
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• 1990

The cautious blasting works had been used with emulsion explosion electric M/S delay caps. Drill depth was from 3m to 6m with Crawler Drill $\varphi{70mm}$ on the calcalious sand stone(sort-moderate-semi hard Rock). The total numbers of feet blast were 88. Scale distance were induces 15.52-60.32. It was applied to propagation Law in blasting vibration as follows. Propagtion Law in Blasting Vibration $V=K(\frac{D}{W^b})^n$ where V : Peak partical velocity(cm/sec) D : Distance between explosion and recording sites (m) W : Maximum Charge per delay-period of eighit milliseconds or more(Kg) K : Ground transmission constant, empirically determind on th Rocks, Explosive and drilling pattern ets. b : Charge exponents n : Reduced exponents Where the quantity $D/W^b$ is known as the Scale distance. Above equation is worked by the U.S Bureau of Mines to determine peak particle velocity. The propagation Law can be catagrorized in three graups. Cabic root Scaling charge per delay Square root Scaling of charge per delay Site-specific Scaling of charge per delay Charge and reduction exponents carried out by multiple regressional analysis. It's divided into under loom and over loom distance because the frequency is verified by the distance from blast site. Empirical equation of cautious blasting vibration is as follows. Over 30m----under l00m----- $V=41(D/3\sqrt{W})^{-1.41}$ -----A Over l00m-----$V= 121(D/3\sqrt{W})^{-1.66}$-----B K value on the above equation has to be more specified for furthur understang about the effect of explosives, Rock strength. And Drilling pattern on the vibration levels, it is necessary to carry out more tests.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1991

The cautious blasting works had been used with emulsion explosion electric M /S delay caps. Drill depth was from 3m to 6m with Crawler Drill 70mm on the calcalious sand stone (soft-moderate-semi hard Rock) . The total numbers of feet blast were 88. Scale distance were induces 15.52-60.32. It was applied to Propagation Law in blasting vibration as follows .Propagtion Law in Blasting Vibration V=k(D/W/sup b/)/sup n/ where V : Peak partical velocity(cm/sec) D : Distance between explosion and recording sites(m) W ; Maximum Charge per delay -period of eight milliseconds or more(Kg) K : Ground transmission constant, empirically determind on the Rocks, Explosive and drilling pattern ets. b : Charge exponents n : Reduced exponents Where the quantity D/W/sup b/ is known as the Scale distance. Above equation is worked by the U.S Bureau of Mines to determine peak particle velocity. The propagation Law can be catagrorized in three groups. Cabic root Scaling charge per delay Square root Scaling of charge per delay Site-specific Scaling of charge delay Charge and reduction exponents carried out by multiple regressional analysis. It's divided into under loom and over loom distance because the frequency is varified by the distance from blast site. Empirical equation of cautious blasting vibration is as follows. Over 30m--under 100m----V=41(D/ W)/sup -1.41/-----A Over l00m---------V=121(D/ W)/sup -1.56/-----B K value on the above equation has to be more specified for furthur understand about the effect of explosives. Rock strength, And Drilling pattern on the vibration levels, it is necessary to carry out more tests.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of addition of citron peel powder(OJ 0/0, 0.60/0, 0.9 %) on proximate composition, minerals, vitamin A, C content and fatty acid composition of emulsion-type sausages. The moisture content of sausage containing 0.3% citron peel powder were significantly(P< 0.05) higher compared to those for control. The crude fat content of sausage containing citron peel powder were significantly( P< 0.05) lower compared to those for control. The crude ash content of sausage containing 0.9% citron peel powder were significantly(P< 0.05) higher compared to those for control. The minerals, vitamin A and C content of sausage containing citron peel powder were significantly(P < 0.05) higher compared to those for control. The palmitic acid(CI6: 0) and linoleic acid(CI8: 2) content of sausage containing citron peel powder were higher compared to those for control, but the palmitoleic acid(CI6: I) content of sausage containing 0.9% citron peel powder were lower. The total saturated fatty acid content of sausage containing 0.3% citron peel powder were significantly(P < 0.05) lower compared to those for control.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.309-323
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• 2019

Fish oil consists of omega-3 fatty acids which play an important role in human health. Its susceptibility to oxidation causes considerable degradation during the processing and storage of food products. Accordingly, encapsulation of this ingredient through freeze drying was studied with the aim of protecting it against environmental conditions. Gum arabic (GA) was used as the wall material for fish oil nanoencapsulation where tween 80 was applied as the emulsifier. A water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion was prepared by sonication, containing 6% fish oil dispersed in aqueous solutions including 20% and 25% total wall material. The emulsion was sonicated at 24 kHz for 120 s. The emulsion was then freeze-dried and the nanocapsules were incorporated into probiotic fermented milk, with the effects of nanocapsules examined on the milk. The results showed that the nanoparticles encapsulated with 25% gum arabic and 4% emulsifier had the highest encapsulation efficiency (EE) (87.17%) and the lowest surface oil (31.66 mg/100 kg). Using nanoencapsulated fish oil in fermented milk significantly (p<0.05) increased the viability of Lactobacillus plantarum as well as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents. The fermented milk sample containing fish oil nanoencapsulated with 25% wall material and 4% emulsifier yielded the greatest probiotic bacterial count (8.41 Log CFU/mL) and the lowest peroxide value (0.57 mEq/kg). Moreover, this sample had the highest EPA and DHA contents. Utilizing this nanoencapsulated fish oil did not adversely affect fermented milk overall acceptance. Therefore, it can be used for fortification of low fat probiotic fermented milk.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.791-797
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 Poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)의 높은 소수성과 생체분자들의 비특이적 흡착 문제를 해결하기 위해 PEO-PPO-PEO 블록 공중합체의 포매(embeddeing) 방식을 이용하여 손쉬운 표면 개질 및 이의 최적화 조건을 조사하였다. 친수성 표면 개질의 특성은 PDMS 내에 포매된 블록 공중합체의 농도, 수침(water-soaking), 및 소수성 표면으로 회복 시간 등의 영향을 평가하였다. 개질된 PDMS 표면은 알부민 단백질(2 mg/ml)까지 단백질의 비특이적 결합 방지 특성을 보였으며, 또한 O/W (Oil-in-Water) 에멀젼을 쉽게 형성할 수 있었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.149-152
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• 2006

천연물 유래의 잇꽃 oleosomes은 미래 에너지 자원으로 사용되며 씨 안쪽에 트리그리세라이드를 저장한 작고($1{\sim}3{\mu}m$) 둥근 모양의 저장소이다. Oleosome의 표면은 고분자의($20{\sim}24$ KDa) oleosin 단백질로 덮여 있으며 유화 특성을 나타낸다. 전통적으로, 잇꽃처럼 오일을 내포하고 있는 씨앗의 Oleosomes은 내부에 있는 오일을 분리하기 위하여 단순히 분쇄하는 방법을 사용하였다. 특허 받은 DermaSphere 기술은 손상되지 않은 상태의 oleosomes의 분리가 가능하다. 분리된, 이 원료는 일반적으로 잇꽃 오일과 관련된 피부 유연제, 보습제, 산화 방지제들을 전달하는 제형에 사용될 수 있다. 그러나, 현재의 에멀젼화된 oleosin 단백질이 둥근 오일 바디를 덮고 있기 때문에, oleosomes은 전형적인 oil-in-water (O/W) 유상액에서 다른 oil phase를 에멀젼화할 뿐만 아니라 자기 유화 특성도 가지고 있다. Oleosomes은 화장품 제형에서 유상의 비 활성 부분으로 역할을 하고 있다. 천연 oleosomes은 다양한 유상 활성 성분들을 포집할 수 있으며 화장품 효능 증진을 위한 전달 시스템으로 사용 될 수 있다. 또한, Oleosomes은 방향제, 비타민, 방충제, UV chromophores 같은 다양한 물질들을 포집 할 수 있었다. 이러한 oleosomes은 제품내에 있는 활성물질들을 보호하거나, 시간이 경과에 따른 활성물질의 적절한 방출을 제어하는데 사용 될 수 있다.

• 기술사
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1991

The cautious blasting works had been used with emulsion explosion electric M/S delay caps. Drill depth was from 3m to 6m with Crawler Drill ø70mm on the calcalious sand stone (soft-moderate-semi hard Rock). The total numbers of fire blast were 88 round. Scale distance were induces 15.52-60.32. It was applied to propagation Law in blasting vibration as follows. Propagation Law in Blasting Vibration (Equation omitted) where V : Peak partical velocity(cm/sec) D : Distance between explosion and recording sites(m) W : Maximum Charge per delay-period of eighit milliseconds o. more(kg) K : Ground transmission constant, empirically determind on the Rocks, Explosive and drilling pattern ets. b : Charge exponents n : Reduced exponents Where the quantity D / W$^n$ is known as the Scale distance. Above equation is worked by the U.S Bureau of Mines to determine peak particle velocity. The propagation Law can be catagrorized in three graups. Cubic root Scaling charge per delay Square root Scaling of charge per delay Site-specific Scaling of charge per delay Charge and reduction exponents carried out by multiple regressional analysis. It's divided into under loom and over 100m distance because the frequency is verified by the distance from blast site. Empirical equation of cautious blasting vibration is as follows. Over 30 ‥‥‥under 100m ‥‥‥V=41(D/$^3$√W)$\^$-1.41/ ‥‥‥A Over 100 ‥‥‥‥under 100m ‥‥‥V=121(D/$^3$√W)$\^$-1.56/ ‥‥‥B K value on the above equation has to be more specified for furthur understang about the effect of explosives, Rock strength. And Drilling pattern on the vibration levels, it is necessary to carry out more tests.