• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.734-750
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• 2012

CAPTCHAs are automated tests that are there to avoid misuse of computing and information resources by bots. Typical text-based CAPTCHAs are proven to be vulnerable against malicious automated programs. In this paper, we present an image-based CAPTCHA scheme using easily identifiable human appearance characteristics that overcomes the weaknesses of current text-based schemes. We propose and evaluate two applications for our scheme involving 25 participants. Both applications use same characteristics but different classes against those characteristics. Application 1 is optimized for security while application 2 is optimized for usability. Experimental evaluation shows promising results having 83% human success rate with Application 2 as compared to 62% with Application 1.

• 한국정보관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보관리학회 2017년도 제24회 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.59-64
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• 2017

본 연구는 공공도서관의 지식정보취약계층 서비스 이용에 미치는 영향요인을 분석한 것이다. 연구대상은 서울, 인천 경기지역의 공공도서관 382곳이며, 자료는 국가도서관통계시스템을 통해 2016년도 통계자료를 수집하였다. 분석결과, 지식정보취약계층 서비스 이용은 총 15개의 변수 중 9개가 유의하지 않았으며, 지식취약계층관련 예산, 사서 수, 문화프로그램 실시횟수, 자원봉사자 수, 자료구입비 예산, 노인 및 장애인 열람석 수의 총 6개 변수가 종속변수인 지식정보취약계층서비스 이용자 수에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 회귀모형의 전체적인 설명력은 43.2%이며, 자료구입비 예산은 유일하게 부(-)의 영향을 미치고 있다. 이를 제외한 5개의 변수는 종속변수와 정(+)의 관계가 있고, 특히, 지식취약계층관련 예산이 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구 결과는 추후 공공도서관에서 지식정보취약계층 서비스 활성화를 위한 방안을 수립할 때 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

The vacant houses commonly observed in urban aging are considered to be representative signs of urban decline. Vacant houses are themselves vulnerable to security, and in particular, they are exposed to disasters due to poor management, which can accelerate the decline of the area. This study is to classify the area and analyze the causes and characteristics of the occurrence of vacant houses by type based on the data through the survey on the vacant houses in Incheon. This research analyze vacant house data survey so to characterized and categorized types of vacant houses. The criteria of vacant houses analysis are population density, population growth, aging extent. In conclusion there are four types of region in Incheon area according to housing types, hazard classes, building age and building areas. Type A is inner city, type B is mixed, type C is expandable and type D is unsular types.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.103-118
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• 2023

This study aims to develop the living SOC function index and classified classes using the GIS-based spatial analysis method by applying the "Central Place Theory" as basic data for classifying living areas necessary for establishing rural spatial strategies in Boryeong. Boryeong-si is classified as a southern living area in the northern living area, centering on Daecheon-dong, the first class, and it is analyzed that living services such as used car service procurement and education are needed, and the southern living area needs a mid- and high-vehicle service delivery system in Ungcheon-eup. It is believed that this study can provide important clues to the classification of central functional facilities suitable for rural centers, reinforcement of vulnerable functional facilities by living area, and provision of living services.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.151-167
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• 2014

Urban space structure in South Korea when through drastic changes ever since public housing policies began their full-fledge implementation. That is, public housing policies represent the main cause for formation of the current urban space structure, as the public houses are constructed in accordance with changes of demographic/social structure, considering changes of housing demand, in urban spaces demanded by the end users. After rapid industrialization and urbanization in the 1960's, each government in different periods have implemented housing supply policies through massive urban developments, to resolve the issue of housing shortage and residential instability. Phase 1 New Towns were developed in the 1980's resulting in suburbanization of the Seoul Area, followed by urban sprawl due to construction of small-size New Towns after deregulation in the 1990's, and construction of Phase 2 New Towns for resolution of housing shortage in the early 2000's and the resulting urban problems. In the mid-2000's, construction of Bogeumjari houses in GB areas led to insufficient housing supply in downtown areas, and the period after 2010 witnessed continuous deterioration of existing urban areas and acceleration of the rental housing crisis caused by rental housing shortage in downtown areas. Moreover, the residentially vulnerable classes consisting of young, 1~2-member households is expanding, with the real estate market in recess. Therefore, the government is trying to achieve urban regeneration through public housing policies so as to resolve the urban space problem and the housing problem at the same time, and the Happiness Housing Project has been implemented as a policy to achieve that goal. The Happiness Housing Project for young, residentially vulnerable classes in downtown areas, is going through diversification aimed at conjunction with urban regeneration projects in downtown areas, as exemplified by conversion of rental houses in residential environment improvement project districts and redevelopment/reconstruction project districts into happiness housing, and supply of happiness housing in conjunction with small reorganization projects for deteriorated residential areas in such areas as those excluded from New Town designation. Continuous supply of Happiness Housing in conjunction with urban regeneration requires mixed-use residential development which includes convenience facilities and public facilities, along with improvement of rental conditions (rental period/rent) and diversification of project methods, considering that the project is implemented in downtown areas.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.263-275
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• 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the curtailing of school meal services. This study aimed to compare the diets of students attending online classes who prepared their own lunch under these circumstances, with those of their counterparts who had their lunch prepared for them. In December 2020, a survey was conducted on 204 students (75 male and 129 female) at a high school in Gyeonggi-do. The results showed that more girls prepared their own lunch than boys (53.5% vs. 36.0%, respectively, P<0.05). Further, more participants with working mothers prepared their own lunch compared to those with unemployed mothers (60.8% vs. 23.0%, respectively, P<0.001). Lunch was prepared either by parents (47.5%), themselves (47.1%), or others (5.4%). A comparison of the Nutrition Quotient (NQ) was carried out between the subjects who prepared their own lunch and those who ate lunch prepared by their parents. The students who prepared their own lunch had significantly lower total (P<0.05), balance (P<0.01), and environment (P<0.01) sectors of NQ-A than their counterparts. Especially, subjects whose parents prepared their lunch had bean·tofu·soy milk more frequently (P<0.01), tended to eat vegetables more frequently (P=0.059), and skipped breakfast less frequently (P<0.01). In conclusion, this study suggested that high school students who have to prepare their own lunch at home during the COVID-19 pandemic are the newly emerging nutritionally vulnerable group. This study may provide the basic information necessary for preparing measures to maintain the diet quality of high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic and similar situations in the future when school meal services may not be available.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1578-1587
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• 2019

소프트웨어 교육은 4차산업혁명 시대를 살아가는 학생들에게 창의적 사고, 비판적인 사고를 신장시켜주며, 그들 스스로가 소프트웨어 관련 산업의 직업을 선택하는 데 많은 도움이 된다. 이 연구는 소프트웨어 격차 해소와 교육의 공평성을 달성하기 위해서 지역아동센터의 취약 계층 학생들에게 적용한 소프트웨어교육의 사례이다. 이 교육은 충남, 충북, 대전 지역의 20여개 기관의 170명의 학생을 대상으로 언플러그드, 엔트리 코딩, 피지컬 컴퓨팅 수업으로 진행하였다. 교육과정에서는 총 4종의 학생 및 교사의 수준별 교재를 활용하였고 기관별 총 수업 시간은 총 10시간이었다. 또한 대상 학생과 기관의 설문을 통해 이 교육이 학생들의 소프트웨어교육에 대한 관심 그리고 추후에 계속적인 소프트웨어 교육에 대한 열망에 영향을 주었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2017

본 연구는 재난 또는 재난상황이 발생되면 일반인에게는 크게 문제되지 않는 상황이라 해도 노약자나 장애인, 경제적 능력이 떨어지는 취약계층에 관한 논점이 있다. 즉 재난취약계층의 특성을 이해하고 동일한 상황이라도 이들에게는 심각한 위험이 될 수 있다는 점을 고려하여 재난대비 현장조치 행동매뉴얼의 필요성을 강조하여 제기한다. 또한 취약계층 중에서 전 세계가 동일한 용어정의를 선택하고 있는 장애인에 국한해서 연구를 진행하고자 한다. 한국과 일본의 사례를 비교하는 방식으로 장애인을 위한 현장조치 행동매뉴얼 개발의 토대를 제공하고자 한다. 따라서 일본과 한국의 사례를 통하여 재난 시 일상생활 자립성 유지기능, 재난 시 의사소통 기능, 이동방법 및 이동정보 활용 기능, 응급상황 대응 인식 능력 기능, 재난 시 건강상태 관리 기능을 확보해 주는 방향으로 현장조치 행동 매뉴얼 개발의 시급성을 강조한다. 이러한 국내 상황으로부터 본 연구에서는 장애인을 위한 재난안전 현장조치 행동매뉴얼과 관련된 논의에 한정해서 논점을 결론으로 정리하고자 한다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.164-174
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical growth and developmental status of infants and children of married immigrant women. Methods: The participants were 92 infants and children aged from birth to 6 yr whose mothers were married immigrant women living in one rural area. Physical growth and developmental status were evaluated by using anthropometric assessment, and Korean Denver II developmental screening test. Results: Of the participants, 10.8% were below the 3rd percentile for weight, 13.0% for length, 5.4% for head circumference, and from 69.6% to 79.3% were distributed below the 50th percentile on growth charts. Further, 18.5% were classified as having questionable development. Factors related to low physical growth in infants and children were mother's weight and mother's level in Korean language classes. Conclusion: The physical growth and developmental status of children is vulnerable and serious. The study results suggest a need for regular growth and developmental evaluations. Political support is important for these mothers. In addition, there also is a need to develop early intervention strategies to promote growth and development of the infants and children of these married immigrant women.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

Modern society is suffering from the phenomena of low-fertile, ultra-aging, and low-growth. On this social flow, most social classes undergo vulnerable situation and their overall housing and living condition have difficulties. So far many housing guidelines for diverse population were developed, recently, inclusive 'Customized Housing Design Guideline for Childcare Families' in terms of maintaining family and society has been completed. The purpose of this study is to analyze User Benefit Characteristics of 'Customized Housing Design Guideline for Childcare Families'. The research subjects are essential 140 guidelines appropriate to children's development and parents' care. The research method is contents analysis and the analysis criterion are 4 concepts of the User Benefit Criteria- 'Behavioral Facilitation (BF)', 'Physiological Maintenance (PhM)', 'Perceptual Maintenance (PM)', 'Social Facilitation (SF)'. 3 people inter-raters reliability was established. Altogether, the guidelines were rated in the order of PhM>PM>BF>SF, and these characteristics are similar as common universal design guidelines. This showed the supportability of spatial characteristics in the guidelines related to user's special behaviors. Also, the results show the importance of outdoor space planning for safe social interactions. The supportable characteristics of 'Customized Housing Design Guideline for Childcare Families' could be expected to efficiently apply for new housing development in the future.