• 아동학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.73-95
• /
• 2007

Causal relationships of kindergarteners' phonological awareness and processing to their ability to read words was investigated with the participation of 289 4- to 6-year-old children attending three kindergartens in Busan. Results showed gradual growth in reading ability with age. Children performed best in reading words and poorest in reading low frequency letters. They showed continuous development in skills of syllable deletion, phoneme substitution, phoneme insertion, phonological memory and naming. Discontinuous development was found in counting syllables. Longer syllables were difficult to count, and middle syllables of 3 syllable words were hard to delete. Children had poor perception of final consonants of Consonant-Vowel-Consonant syllables. Children's phonological awareness and processing were latent variables strongly related to ability to read words written in Hangul.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.167-169
• /
• 2007

This study analyzes Korean students' pronunciation errors in stop-nasal sequences in English. For the study, 23 English words of stop-nasal sequences were pronounced by 4 natives and 21 Korean students. The results showed two kinds of pronunciation errors: the insertion of a vowel and the nasal assimilation between stops and nasals. A teaching material was designed based on the errors. After a 60-minute class with the material they were asked to pronounce the same words in another session. There was a substantial improvement in the error correction.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2000

Timing in speech is determined by many factors. In this paper, we introduce and discuss some factors that have generally been regarded as important in speech timing. They include stress, syllable structure, consonant insertion or deletion, tempo, lengthening at clause, phrase and word boundaries, preconsonantal vowel shortening, and compensation between segments or within phonological units (e.g., word, foot), compression due to the increase of syllables in word or foot level, etc. and each of them may playa crucial role in the structuring of speech timing in a language. But some of these timing factors must interact with each other rather than be independent and the effects of each factor on speech timing will vary from language to language. On the other hand, there could well be many other factors unknown so far. Finding out and investigating new timing factors and reinterpreting the already-known timing factors should enhance our understanding of timing structures in a given language or languages.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.1139-1161
• /
• 2009

This paper deals with the reduction of unstressed prevocalic /u/ and the appearance of /w/ which are observed in such words as ambiguity [ˌæm bǝ ˈgju: ǝ ti] - ambiguous [æm ˈbɪ gjǝ wǝs]. This phenomenon is recorded in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged, and the draft revisions of Oxford English Dictionary Online. Since this phenomenon has not been studied in detail up to now, this paper aims 1) to collect the data related to the reduction of unstressed prevocalic /u/, 2) to classify them systematically, and 3) to explain the phenomenon in terms of Optimality Theory. In the course of analysis, Prevocalic Lengthening, which is crucial to the preservation of unstressed prevocalic /u/, is reinterpreted as one of the ways to prevent hiatus (annual /æ nju: ǝl/). /w/-insertion is another way to prevent hiatus (annual /æ njǝ wǝl/). In addition it is argued that prevocalic /u/ behaves differently from prevocalic /i/ due to the difference in the articulators involved.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.112-117
• /
• 2019

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of revision cochlear implant (CI) surgery for better speech comprehension targeting patients with low satisfaction after first CI surgery. Subjects and Methods: Eight patients who could not upgrade speech processors because of an too early CI model and who wanted to change the whole system were included. After revision CI surgery, we compared speech comprehension before and after revision CI surgery. Categoies of Auditory Performance (CAP) score, vowel and consonant confusion test, Ling 6 sounds, word and sentence identification test were done. Results: The interval between surgeries ranged from eight years to 19 years. Same manufacturer's latest product was used for revision surgery in six cases of eight cases. Full insertion of electrode was possible in most of cases (seven of eight). CAP score (p-value=0.01), vowel confusion test (p-value=0.041), one syllable word identification test (p-value=0.026), two syllable identification test (p-value=0.028), sentence identification test (p-value=0.028) had significant improvement. Consonant confusion test (p-value=0.063), Ling 6 sound test (p-value=0.066) had improvement but it is not significant. Conclusions: Although there are some limitations of our study design, we could identify the effect of revision (upgrade) CI surgery indirectly. So we concluded that if patient complain low functional gain or low satisfaction after first CI surgery, revision (device upgrade) CI surgery is meaningful even if there is no device failure.

• 대한청각학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.112-117
• /
• 2019

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of revision cochlear implant (CI) surgery for better speech comprehension targeting patients with low satisfaction after first CI surgery. Subjects and Methods: Eight patients who could not upgrade speech processors because of an too early CI model and who wanted to change the whole system were included. After revision CI surgery, we compared speech comprehension before and after revision CI surgery. Categoies of Auditory Performance (CAP) score, vowel and consonant confusion test, Ling 6 sounds, word and sentence identification test were done. Results: The interval between surgeries ranged from eight years to 19 years. Same manufacturer's latest product was used for revision surgery in six cases of eight cases. Full insertion of electrode was possible in most of cases (seven of eight). CAP score (p-value=0.01), vowel confusion test (p-value=0.041), one syllable word identification test (p-value=0.026), two syllable identification test (p-value=0.028), sentence identification test (p-value=0.028) had significant improvement. Consonant confusion test (p-value=0.063), Ling 6 sound test (p-value=0.066) had improvement but it is not significant. Conclusions: Although there are some limitations of our study design, we could identify the effect of revision (upgrade) CI surgery indirectly. So we concluded that if patient complain low functional gain or low satisfaction after first CI surgery, revision (device upgrade) CI surgery is meaningful even if there is no device failure.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.83-102
• /
• 1989

This study was done to analyze the sound distortion, before and after insertion of the palatal palates. For this study, 4 healthy subjects (3 males and 1 female, each 24-year-old), who were born in Seoul were recruited from K university, and 3 type palatal plates were fabricated, each palatal thickness being 1.0mm, 2.5mm, dentoalveolar portion 2.5mm and elsewhere 1.0mm, named B,C,D-type repectively, and informants's sounds of /사(sa), 서(se), 소(so), 수(su), 스($s\.{+}$), 시(si)/ were recorded, without plate, and with palatal plates of different types, in succession. A series of analysis were adminstered through a 16 Bit IBM PC/AT using linear combination methods. These experiments were analyzed by the Cepstrum (Weighted and Euclidian), Log Area Ratio, Linear prediction correlation methods The findings led to the following conclusions : 1. It was confirmed that the same consonant, /ㅅ(s)/, variously distorted by the following vowel. 2. By and large, 시($s\.{+}$) was the most distorted in all conditions, and (sa), 소(so) were the least distorted in each condition. 3. There were no persistant correlation of the palatal plate types, and sound distortions of each informant were diverse with no regularities. 4. There were persistent correaltion to the Cepstrum (Weighted, Euclidian), Log Area Ratio. However, Linear prediction correlation has a different alteration pattern.