• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.28-37
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• 1993

Flow characteristics within the three-dimensional square cavity are studied experimentally by adopting PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry). A new method for tracking the same particle pairs in the consecutive flow image is suggested resulting in more effective acquisition of the velocity vectors. Two methods for supplying the shearing stress within the cavity are developed by continuous moving belt and 2-dimensional plane Poiseuille flow. The effect of TGL vortex in the case of belt-moving flow is remarkable owing to the distribution of the kinetic energy in the spanwise direction. But, for the plane Poiseuille flow, velocity profiles similar to a forced vortex are obtained and its tendency increases with the Reynolds number.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.735-745
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• 2004

A linear cascade of NACA 65-1810 profiles are investigated for tip leakage flow characteristics. and calculation results are compared with experimental result. STAR-CD commercial code was used to solve the three dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation that was adopted for steady flow and high Reynolds $\kappa$- $\varepsilon$turbulent model. Numerical calculation of a linear cascade is carried out to investigate effect of tip clearance on pitchwise variations of velocity Profiles. and static pressure distributions on the blade surface at spanwise positions. In case of evolution of tip vortex core location. tip vortex geometry and static pressure at the center of the tip vortex core compared with experimental results. Calculation results are agreed well with the experimental data, and validated. The static pressure losses by tip leakage flow at 2% tip clearance were more than those at 1% tip clearance.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.799-807
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• 2005

The flow characteristics and the heat transfer rate on a surface by the interaction of a pair of vortices are studied numerically. To analyze the common flow up produced by vortex generators in a rectangular channel flow, the pseudo-compressibility viscous method is introduced into the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation for 3-dimensional unsteady, incompressible viscous flows. To predict turbulence characteristics, a two-layer $k-\varepsilon$ turbulence model is used on the flat plate 3-dimensional turbulence boundary The computational results predict accurately Reynolds stress, turbulent kinetic energy and flow field generated by the vortex generators. The numerical results, such as thermal boundary layers, skin friction characteristics and heat transfers, are also reasonably close to the experimental data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2015

Three-dimensional vortex structures in the corner region of translating normal plates are visualized experimentally with defocusing digital particle image velocimetry. Vortex formation processes for three plates with corner angle $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, and $120^{\circ}$ are compared in order to study the effect of corner shape on vortex formation. In all cases, the self-induction of the starting vortex and its interaction with the potential flow induced by the moving plate cause the vortex to change its form dynamically after the plate starts to translate. While the vortex near a corner follows the plate in the low corner angle of $60^{\circ}$, the vortex separates early from the plate and its forward motion becomes slow in the high corner angle of $120^{\circ}$. It is also found that the starting vortex can transport inward at the corner, which depends on the corner angle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.235-241
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• 2002

The process of energy separation in a low pressure vortex tube with air as a working medium is studied In detail. Experimental data of the temperature of the cold and hot air leaving the vortex tube are presented. The variation of the maximum wall temperature along the inner surface of the vortex tube and the temperature distribution in the vortex tube provides useful information about the location of the stagnation point of the flow field at the axis of the vortex tube. In this study Outer tube is used for the application of Diesel engine exhaust. The hot gas flow is fumed 180° and passes the outside of the vortex tube a second time heating it. From this geometric setup of a vortex tube the effects of energy separation and the prediction of the ignition of Diesel Soot is presented by experimental data.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.124-131
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• 2015

The good performance of a vortex shedder is defined by strong and stable vortex generated under the condition of most linearity in Strouhal number and low power loss. In this paper, the flow past a bluff body of circular cylinder with a slit normal to the flow has been analyzed focusing on drag coefficient, linearity of Strouhal number and flow resistance (K-factor). The ANSYS/FLUENT package is used for flow simulation and the integration method of computational code to iSIGHT platform is employed for automated design cycle. This study results the design with (0.20~0.267) blockage ratio and 0.10 slit ratio as the best shedder for vortex flowmeter and this results are in well agreement with the experiment. As the combination of GAMBIT, FLUENT, and iSIGHT substitutes the design parameters automatically according to the input data, this method designs effectively the vortex shedder with less design cycle time and low manufacturing cost eliminating the human intervention bottleneck.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.232-244
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• 2023

The unsteady dynamics of the starting flow of a flat plate is studied by using a vortex shedding model. The model describes the body and separated vortex from the trailing edge of the plate by vortex sheets, retaining a singularity at the leading edge. The model is applied to simulate the flow of an accelerated plate for small angles of attack. For numerical computations, we take two representative cases of the translational velocity of a plate: impulsive translation and uniform acceleration. The model successfully demonstrates the formation of wakes shed from the plate. The wake behind the plate is stronger for a larger angle of attack. Predictions for the lifting force from the model are in agreement with results of Navier-Stokes simulations.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.672-681
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• 2004

Direct numerical simulation was carried out to study the vortical structures of the flow around a wall-mounted cube in a channel at Re=1,000 and Re=3,500 based on cubic height and bulk mean velocity. The cubic obstacle is situated in the entrance region of the channel flow where the boundary layers are developing. Upstream of the obstacle, steady and unsteady laminar horseshoe vortex systems are observed at Re=1,000 and Re=3,500, respectively; the near-wake flow is turbulent in both cases. The flow separates at each leading sharp edge of the cube, and subsequent vortex roll-up is noticed in the corresponding free-shear layer. The vortex shedding from the upper leading edge (upper vortices) and that from the two lateral leading edges (lateral vortices) are both quasi-periodic and their frequencies are computed. The upper and lateral vortices further develop into hairpin and Λ vortices, respectively. A series of instantaneous contours of the second invariant of velocity gradient tensor helps us identify spatial and temporal behaviors of the vortices in detail. The results indicate that the length and time scales of the vortical structures at Re=3,500 are much shorter than those at Re:1,000. Correlations between the upper and lateral vortices are also reported.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.166-171
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• 2016

Electric vehicle ownership is expanding for two reasons: its technology features have enhanced fuel economy, and the number of vehicle emissions regulations is increasing. Battery performance has a large influence on the capability of electric vehicles, and even though battery thermal management has been actively researched, specific technological improvements to battery performance are not being presented. For instance, many industrial applications utilize vortex tubes as components for refrigeration machines because of their numerous intrinsic benefits. If electric vehicles incorporate vortex tubes for battery cooling, performance and efficiency advancements are possible. This study uses a counter-flow vortex tube to investigate its temperature separation characteristics, based on the back pressure of the cold air exit and the difference between the inlet and back pressures. The experiment uses a vortex tube with the following parameters: six nozzle holes, a 20 mm inner vortex diameter (D), a 14D tube length, a 0.7D cold exit orifice diameter, and a nozzle area ratio of 0.142. The measurements prove that the temperature difference between the hot air and cold air decreased because of the flow resistance of the hot air and the backflow phenomenon at the cold air exit. The flow resistance causes the temperature difference to decrease, and the back pressure of the cold air exit influences the flow resistance. The results show that the back pressure significantly influences the efficiency of temperature separation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2020

Flexible structures have been adopted in heat transfer systems as vortex generators. The flexible vortex generators immersed in a flow show a self-sustained oscillatory motion, which enhances fluid mixing and heat transfer. In the present study, the vortex generators in a two-dimensional channel flow are numerically investigated, and they are symmetrically mounted on the upper and lower walls with an inclination angle. The momentum interaction and heat transfer between the flexible vortex generators and the surrounding fluid are considered by using an immersed boundary method. The inclination angle is one of the important factors in determining the flapping kinematics of the flexible vortex generators. The flapping amplitude increases as the inclination angle increases, thereby enhancing fluid mixing. The heat transfer is enhanced up to 80% comparing to the baseline channel flow.