• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2018

Quercus floribunda (Tilonj oak) is among the five species of Quercus and an evergreen tree found in Kumaun Himalayan region. Timing of germination is a crucial event determining the success of seedling establishment and survival. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of sowing date on the germination and morphological responses of Tilonj oak (Quercus floribunda), cultivated during the month of August-September, with supplementary irrigation. The experiment was conducted by sowing seeds at two dates with one month interval in glass house conditions at DSB Campus, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Present study revealed that higher germination percentage (46.67 %) was recorded at sowing time $S_2$ as compared to the sowing time $S_1$ (32.86 %). Germination percentage as well as seedling growth were affected by sowing date though the differences were insignificant. At both the sowing dates, highest germination percentage was recorded for large seeds (32.86-46.67 %) followed by medium (31.43-33.33 %) and lowest germination (6.67-7.14 %) was recorded for small size seeds. In all parameters assessed, sowing time $S_2$ had the best performance in combination with large seed size. Thus, September is suitable month for best germination, growth and seedling vigour and large seed size is recommended to silviculturists and tree planters. The information on seed germination and seedling growth is vital both for conservation and rehabilitation of degraded lands.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.117-126
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• 1994

Some of the important and vital roles performed by the Health Care Center of Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.(POSCO) are the periodic monitoring of the work sites as well as regular medical check-ups for each workers to ensure both pleasant and safe working conditions and to protect employees' health. Pohang Steel Works, which has 42 plants, 26 facilities and 12,000 employees, has an annual crude steel production capacity of 9,670,000 using 24,500,000 ton of raw materials. We have measured lots of areal and personal working environment according to Occupational Safety and Health Law semiannually. All data collected on industrial hygiene is stored and managed by personal computer. The developed of a computerized industrial hygiene control system linked to the company's main computer system will provide efficient evaluation of the working environment as well as critical informations on employees' health. Development of this system had begun in May, 1992 and was completed in March, 1994. The computerized industrial hygiene control system can; 1. store industrial hygiene data, providing key pertinent to the diagnosis of occupational related illnesses, and if necessary, the basis for improving the working environment, 2. decide type and time of medical examination of each work for exposure to specific agents, and supply proper protection periodically, 3. prevent occupational related illnesses through evaluation of environmental and biological monitoring, and performance of epidemiological surveillance, 4. facilitate proper job placement through linking of industrial hygiene control and personnel information systems, 5. monitor job processes. levels of chemical agents used, and new agents introduced, 6. and increase productivity by saving time resulting from the implementation of the computerized sysyte,

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the theories about the psychophysiology and psychopathology of Korean Medicine. Methods: The concepts and functions of spirit (神), soul (魂魄), five spirits (五神), and seven emotions (七情) occurring in the Huangdineijing have been interpreted, and the correlation between thought and emotion considered. Results and Conclusions: (1) Spirit (神) refers to the source and discipline of vital activity and mental activity. (2) With soul (魂魄), ethereal soul (魂) manifests itself as the mental process, and corporeal soul (魄) as the physical sensory interaction, such as the nervous system. (3) In the five spirits, ethereal soul (魂) is the recognition process of drawing out memories. Spirit (神) is the process of creative thought. Cognition (意) is the ability to recognize and integrate information. Corporeal soul (魄) is the process of selecting what is important and choosing it. Will (志) is the process of storing memories. Ethereal soul (魂) and corporeal soul (魄) of the five spirits (五神) and soul (魂魄) use the same characters, but the meaning differs. Also, spirit (神) and the spirit (神) in five spirits (五神) are the same character, but, because the meaning is different, they need to be interpreted according to the context. (4) Heart (心), Cognition (意), Will (志), Thought (思), Consideration (慮), and Wisdom(智) are all cognitive processes, like perception, recognition, and thinking. (5) Psychopathology is when excessive emotion affects the five viscera, harming the Energy (氣) and Blood (血) and eventually affecting the five spirits, which causes problems in thinking. Therefore, for healthy mental functioning, not only must the emotions be regulated so that they do not become excessive, but the five viscera also need to be kept healthy.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

In video standards such as H.264/AVC, motion estimation (ME) / compensation (MC) is regarded as a vital component in a video coder as it consumes a large amount of computation resources. The full search technique, which is used in general video codecs, gives the highest visual quality but also has the problem of significant computational load. To solve this problem, many fast algorithm has benn proposed. Among them, NPDS show that can maintain its video quality very close to the full search technique while achieving computation reduction by using a halfway-stop technique in the calculation of block distortion measure. In this paper, we proposed algorithm by determining minimum distortion measure with predictive motion vector and using the new search order. As the result, we can check that the proposed algorithm reduces the computational load 95% in average compared to the full search, respectively with the PSNR lost about 0.04dB.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

System engineering is critical in today's industry and requirements engineering is an important stage of overall process. Requirements Engineering is the initial step of system development activity in which the requirements from the customer are elicited and documented. This activity is very much vital for the success of the project because all of activities depends upon requirements engineering such as designing, implementation, testing, operation and maintenance. The development process begins by clarifying the need and then articulating the need as a high level solution. In order to minimize the poor requirements and to sure successful projects, Object-Oriented requirements engineering was proposed. Object-Oriented requirements engineering is an approach to encapsulating information about the process and product, as well as functionality in to a requirements object. This paper proposes using the concept of an Operations Concept Harbinger(OCH) that is the prototype of Object-Oriented requirements engineering to develop the requirements with consolidating simultaneously the opinions of various stakeholder in the customer level and trace accurately the transition from User needs to requirements. Then the customer can secure the accurate requirements to meet their needs and traceability from user needs to requirements.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.603-621
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• 2017

The current review focuses on characterization and conservation efforts vital for the development of breeding programmes for indigenous beef cattle genetic resources in Southern Africa. Indigenous African cattle breeds were identified and characterized using information from refereed journals, conference papers and research reports. Results of this current review reviewed that smallholder beef cattle production in Southern Africa is extensive and dominated by indigenous beef cattle strains adaptable to the local environment. The breeds include Nguni, Mashona, Tuli, Malawi Zebu, Bovino de Tete, Angoni, Landim, Barotse, Twsana and Ankole. These breeds have important functions ranging from provision of food and income to socio-economic, cultural and ecological roles. They also have adaptive traits ranging from drought tolerant, resistance to ticks and tick borne diseases, heat tolerance and resistance to trypanosomosis. Stakeholders in the conservation of beef cattle were also identified and they included farmers, national government, research institutes and universities as well as breeding companies and societies in Southern Africa. Research efforts made to evaluate threats and opportunities of indigenous beef cattle production systems, assess the contribution of indigenous cattle to household food security and income, genetically and phenotypically characterize and conserve indigenous breeds, and develop breeding programs for smallholder beef production are highlighted. Although smallholder beef cattle production in the smallholder farming systems contributes substantially to household food security and income, their productivity is hindered by several constraints that include high prevalence of diseases and parasites, limited feed availability and poor marketing. The majority of the African cattle populations remain largely uncharacterized although most of the indigenous cattle breeds have been identified.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.15
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• pp.5983-5991
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• 2014

Introduction: Upper aero-digestive tract cancer is a multidimensional problem, international trends showing complex rises and falls in incidence and mortality across the globe, with variation across different cultural and socio-economic groups. This paper seeks some explanations and identifies some research and policy needs. Methodological Approach: The literature illustrates the multifactorial nature of carcinogenesis. At the cellular level, it is viewed as a multistep process involving multiple mutations and selection for cells with progressively increasing capacity for proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis. Established and emerging risk factors, in addition to changes in incidence and prevalence of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, were identified. Risk Factors: Exposure to tobacco and alcohol, as well as diets inadequate in fresh fruits and vegetables, remain the major risk factors, with persistent infection by particular so-called "high risk" genotypes of human papillomavirus increasingly recognised as also playing an important role in a subset of cases, particularly for the oropharynx. Chronic trauma to oral mucosa from poor restorations and prostheses, in addition to poor oral hygiene with a consequent heavy microbial load in the mouth, are also emerging as significant risk factors. Conclusions: Understanding and quantifying the impact of individual risk factors for these cancers is vital for health decision-making, planning and prevention. National policies and programmes should be designed and implemented to control exposure to environmental risks, by legislation if necessary, and to raise awareness so that people are provided with the information and support they need to adopt healthy lifestyles.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.178-182
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• 2005

From the result of analysis to animation, it can be detected the close relation between myth and animation. As Plato mention that myth is a story. Though it is common field for many researchers on myth and animation now, but it have been performing many researches only for animation narrative in the aspect of myth. Therefore this study will be examined that the ritual ceremony, the frequency of participation, and imagination of myth can be related with animation directly. The ritual ceremony is a similar activity to go to theater for watching animation. It can be merged into the unconsciousness state while awaken state. A high frequency of ritual ceremony can also be provide the experience of shortening a distance between the present and the ancient time of mythical aura. Last, imagination is an enemy of rational thoughts, however, it is vital source and material which was created by myth and it can also create new animation. It will be formulated a methodology for this paper which are three elements for an analogizing tool with new mythological approaches, it is inclusive method for animation and myth. So it can be applied and analyzed to other visual media with this methodology.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.13
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• pp.767-804
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• 2000

International network strategy is intended to examine the validity of existing network-centered theories in order to ascertain why small-and medium-sized enterprises are useful as a strategic correspondence to the internationalization trend. Small-and medium-sized enterprises can be estimated as being vital majorities in terms of their flexibility to meet changable conditions in international marketing compared with the conglomerates Therefore, their dependency on a few conglomerates for the international economy can be diverged. Generally, the successful internationalization of industries can be derived from the creation of suitable strategies for its competence and quality with the effective correction and completion of its strategy and tactics through mistakes. The internationalization strategy of small-and medium-sized enterprises should not be the reckless pursuit of internationalization that depends only on the increase of investment or the simple induction of the other conglomerates strategic models, but it should be accomplished through the evolution and practice of the concrete strategies that will be more proper for the enterprise's property and efficiency. The results of analyses with proof can be summarized with two effects in large in the process of internationalization of domestic small-and medium-sized enterprises. First, the capacity for internationalization of firms results from a long-term training procedure and continuous development of managing activities. Then in time this becomes an important element for the small-and medium-sized firms in terms with its position targeted international trading. However, the domestic enterprises are showing their abilities in the international competition in quantity, and trying to establish relationships between the enterprises through international networks. Second, statistics might not be meaningful in part because of the lack of data for analysis. It seems that more useful results will be derived from obtaining and utilizing sufficient information and from establishing an inter-relationship between the small-and medium-sized enterprises which are investing in foreign companies.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.47-66
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• 2008

Background: It is insufficient information that are syndrome differentiations and detail symptoms in Korean. Methods: 19 traditional korean medical agencies collected 190 cases with vital sign, body measurement, patient own symptoms report and doctor diagnosis. And then we analyzed general distributions and comparisons of deficiency and non-deficiency. Results: The most past histories, in order, were the arthritis(20%), gastroenteropathy, hypertension, anemia, diabete mellitus. In chief complains, musculoskeletal occupies 60 percent of the total, and digestive system, head in order. In the syndrome differentiation, it appeared deficiency, spleen, Qi deficiency in order. Age(p=0.000), systolic blood pressure(p=0.044) and the waist-hip ratio(p=0.000) was significantly higher in the deficiency group compared with non-deficiency group. Patients with condition which dislikes the wind and with anxiety and with amazing and fear(驚恐) were significantly more in deficiency group(p=0.029, p=0.017, p=0.044). Conclusions: These statistics are continually revised report and it will be reported comparison of several syndrome differentiations and therapeutic effects by treatment methods.