• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2018

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise on the range of motion (ROM), pain, and functional activity of patients who received total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data regarding the use of PNF exercise among patients with musculoskeletal disease. Methods: Fourteen patients who received TKA were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=7) that took part in PNF exercise and a control group (n=7) that performed general rehabilitation exercise. Both groups performed the respective exercises for 30 minutes, five times a week for 2 weeks. For the measurement of ROM, the range of knee flexion was measured using a clinometer smartphone application. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for the measurement of the level of pain. The timed up and go test (TUG) was conducted to measure functional activity. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the PNF exercise. Differences between the experimental group and control group were analyzed by an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: After the exercise, there was a significant within-group change in VAS and TUG scores in the experimental group and control group (p<0.01). There was also a significant between-group difference in VAS and TUG scores after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: General rehabilitation exercise is commonly applied as a treatment for TKA patients and is relatively effective. The application of PNF exercise may be useful in such patients, considering its effects on ROM improvement, pain reduction, and functional enhancement.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 2021

Background: Pillar pain may develop after carpal tunnel release surgery (CTRS). This prospective double-blinded randomized trial investigated the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in pillar pain relief and hand function improvement. Methods: The sample consisted of 60 patients with post-CTRS pillar pain, randomized into two groups. The ESWT group (experimental) received three sessions of ESWT, while the control group received three sessions of sham ESWT, one session per week. Participants were evaluated before treatment, and three weeks, three months, and six months after treatment. The pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Hand functions were assessed using the Michigan hand outcomes questionnaire (MHQ). Results: The ESWT group showed significant improvement in VAS and MHQ scores after treatment at all time points compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Before treatment, the ESWT and control groups had a VAS score of 6.8 ± 1.3 and 6.7 ± 1.0, respectively. Three weeks after treatment, they had a VAS score of 2.8 ± 1.1 and 6.1 ± 1.0, respectively. Six months after treatment, the VAS score was reduced to 1.9 ± 0.9 and 5.1 ± 1.0, respectively. The ESWT group had a MHQ score of 54.4 ± 7.7 before treatment and 73.3 ± 6.8 six months after. The control group had a MHQ score of 54.2 ± 7.1 before treatment and 57.8 ± 4.4 six months after. Conclusions: ESWT is an effective and a safe non-invasive treatment option for pain management and hand functionality in pillar pain.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Objectives: Management of the postpartum period is important for the health of mothers, and postpartum edema is one of the management targets. In this study, the relationship between the value measured by the device and the postpartum edema sensation was examined to explain the subjective sensation of the mother as an objective value. Methods: Data from 54 cases provided by 24 mothers within 6 weeks postpartum were used in the study. The degree of postpartum edema sensation was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS), and the effect of VAS changes on the body edema index and weight change before and after childbirth was estimated through linear regression analysis. Results: As a result of the regression analysis, when the edema sensation of the mothers VAS increased by 1 point, the Inbody edema index increased by 0.002 points (p=0.000, R²=0.272), and when the VAS increased by 1 point, the weight gain increased by 0.99 kg compared to before pregnancy (p=0.000, R²=0.243), and when VAS increased by 1 point, weight loss decreased by 0.56 kg compared to just before childbirth (p=0.004, R²=0.136). Conclusions: The results of this study, in which the edema sensation of postpartum mothers was statistically significantly related to the edema index and weight change before and after childbirth, showed that the edema sensation complained by the mother could be used as an evaluation index for postpartum edema management in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

Objective : This study reports the effect of korean medicine on ptosis patient 1 case diagnosed as idiopathic oculomoter nerve palsy. Methods : We experienced one case of ptosis diagnosed as idiopathic oculomoter nerve palsy treated with herbal medicine and acupuncture. Ptosis and associated symptoms had been estimated with difference of both eye's interpalpebral fissure and VAS(Visual Analogue Scale). Result : After the treatment, symptoms were decreased and almost disappeared. In this case, difference of both eye's interpalpebral fissure decreased from 6mm to 1mm in a month. Conclusion : This study suggests that korean medicine is effective on ptosis diagnosed as idiopathic oculomoter nerve palsy.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Hominis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture(HPA) combined with Acupuncture compared with Acupuncture therapy. Methods : Data was collected from October 1st 2004 to February 28th 2005. A total of 8 women participated in this study. Of all subjects, 4 and 4 subjects were assigned to the experimental and the control group respectively. Subjects were treated three times a week. We used Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for evaluating the effects of HPA. Results : There showed statistically boardline significance between the experimental group and control group(p=0.057). Conclusion : The results showed HPA has significant effects on menstrual cramps.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.57-61
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• 2014

Objectives: When a person speaks, voice problems usually include pain or discomfort and/or difficulties in terms of the pitch, the loudness and the quality of the voice. When patients with voice problems induced by stroke, Parkinson's disease, and systemic diseases involving the voice are examined, generally, of the Four Diagnoses (四診), a Diagnosis of Hearing can be used in current Korean medicine. The effects of acupuncture and herb medicine on voice problems have been reported for over 20 years. However, when it comes to improvements, objective and subjective evaluation methods need to be explained. Methods: Subjective methods for evaluating voice were studied through a literature search of old medicinal books containing Korean medicine diagnostics, and an objective evaluation method using Praat software is presented. Results: Korean medicine doctors analyze the patient's voice in clinical settings unconsciously on a daily basis. However, most voice diagnoses depend on the doctor's subjective evaluation. Voice qualities can be evaluated by using the Eight Principles (八綱), including Yin-Yang; the Five Elements (Phases); the Grade, Roughness, Breathy, Asthenic, Strained (GRBAS) score, and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as subjective methods, and an acoustic analysis using the Praat program can be used as an objective method. Conclusion: A more complete voice examination can be achieved by using subjective and objective methods at the same time. For an objective explanation and management of patient's voice problems or systemic disorders, an objective method should be used in Korean medicine, which already has many subjective diagnostic methods. More research needs to be conducted, and more clinical evidence needs to be collected in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2016

Background: This study was to investigate the effect of cervical HVLA technique and mulligan MWM technique on patients with lateral epicondylitis. Methods: 36 participants were randomly allocated to the two groups; group I involved high velocity low amplitude (HVLA) cervical mobilization technique, mulligan mobilizations with movement (MWM) technique (n=18). group II mulligan MWM (n=18). Patient attended for three times a week for six weeks. Results: The change of visual analogue scale (VAS) was statistically and significantly decreased in both of the group I and the group II. The change of patients rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) was statistically and significantly decreased in both of the group I and the group II. The change of pressure pain threshold (PPT) was statistically and significantly increased in both of the group I and the group II. Nevertheless, There is no statistical differences between group I and group II. Conclusion: After experiment, pressure pain threshold and visual analogue scale, patients rated tennis elbow evaluation were improved in both group. But Cervical HVLA group does not showed the change better than mulligan MWM group.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a modified abdominal draw-in maneuver on trunk stability and functional capacity as well as pain in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: The study included 3 patients with chronic low back pain who volunteered to participate. The modified abdominal draw-in maneuver included a posterior pelvic tilt, a traditional abdominal draw-in maneuver, and a vibration sensory feedback device. Voluntary abdominal contraction using the vibration sensory feedback device was performed by the subjects for more than 1 hour per day, 5 times per week, for 6 weeks along with common low back pain treatment. Electromyographic signals in the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and erector spinae (ES) muscles were measured to compare muscle activation. The degree of pain was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and functional capacity was measured using the Korea Oswestry Disability Index (K-ODI). All results were compared to the means before and after intervention. Results: After the intervention, the RA, EO, and IO showed increased muscle activation and the ES showed decreased muscle activation. The visual analogue scale decreased after intervention and the K-ODI decreased after intervention. Conclusion: Modified abdominal draw-in maneuvers in daily life combined with therapeutic exercises may be effective in relieving pain and dysfunctions in chronic low back pain patients.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.14-22
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• 2005

Objectives We got a good effect on one patient who diagnosed Deep Vein Thrombosis after cystostomy. Methods The patient was treated with Acupuncture, Herbal medication, Venesection. To evaluate the edema, pain of leg, Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and the measurement of leg circumference are used. Results 1. The discrepancy of the leg circumference is decreased from 3.1㎝ to 1.6㎝. 2. The Visual Analogue Scale was decreased from 10 to 2-1. Conclusions In this case, the patient who diagnosed Deep Vein Thrombosis(DVT) after cystostomy treated by Acupuncture, Herbal medication, Venesection was improved. We are reporting this case.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.201-210
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• 2008

Objectives : This report was performed to evaluate the treatment of acupuncture therapy, Bee venom acupuncture therapy and herbal medication in Baastrup's disease. Methods : We treated 1 case of Baastrup's disease with acupuncture therapy, Bee venom acupuncture therapy one times a week and took herbal medicine after a meal two times daily. The patients' symptoms were assessed 3 month, 6 month, 9 month by Visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI). Results : Visual Analog Scale(VAS), Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) was significantly improved after treatment for 9 months. Conclusions : This study suggested that acupuncture therapy, Bee venom acupuncture therapy and herbal medicine can be effective for decreasing pain and improving functional recovery. We think that it need the further study and clinical trial for Baastrup's disease.